positioned大学英语四级(选词填空)专项训练

2021年1月20日发(作者：grandfather)
2011
年
6
月大学英语四级真题

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth,
scientists said yesterday.
While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were
younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit
from getting more, according to research.
Sean
Drummond,
a.
psychiatrist
(
心理医生
)
at
the
University
of
California,
San
Diego,
said
older
people
are
more
likely
to
suffer
from
broken
sleep,
while
younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night.
More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people
would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said.
―The ability to sleep in one
chunk
(
整块时间
) overnight goes down as we age but the
amount
of
sleep
we
need
to
__52__
well
does
not
change,‖
Dr
Drummond
told
the
American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.
―It's
__53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older
adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests
that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s.
That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably
the same amount as we need at 75.‖

注意：此部分试题请在
答题卡
2
上作答。

A) alert
B) associated
C) attracting
D) cling
E) continuing
F) definitely
G) different

答案
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47 N tend 48 L negative 49 H efficiently 50 B associated
51 A alert 52 J function/ 53 F definitely 54 O younger
55 E continuing56 G different
文章大意：
本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：
是否老年人与年轻人
相比只需 要较少的睡眠时间？



2010
年
12
月英语四级考试真题

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or
less
bold,
intelligent,
or
able
to
read
a
map?
All
of
these
are
influenced
by
the
interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were


47

. The study
of
how
genes
and
environment
interact
to
influence


48


activity
is
known
as
behavioral
genetics.
Behavioral
genetics
has
made
important


49


to
the
biological
revolution,
providing
information
about
the
extent
to
which
biology
I) formally
J) function
K) mixed
L) negative
M) sufficient
N) tend
O) younger
influences mind, brain and behavior.
Any research that suggests that


50


to perform certain behaviors are based
in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you
can


51


based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is
easy
to
accept
that
genes
control
physical
characteristics
such
as
sex,
race
and
eye
color.
But
can
genes
also
determine
whether
people
will
get
divorced,
how


52


they
are,
or
what
career
they
are
likely
to
choose?
A
concern
of
psychological
scientists is the


53


to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature
and
nurture(
养育
),
by
genetic
makeup
and
the
environment.
Increasingly,
science


54


that
genes
lay
the
groundwork
for
many
human
traits.
From
this
perspective,
people
are
born


55


like
undeveloped
photographs:
The
image
is
already
captured, but the way it


56


appears can vary based on the development process.
However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。







［
A
］

abilities











［
I
］

extent






［
B
］

achieve











［
J
］

indicates






［
C
］

appeal












［
K
］

proceeds






［
D
］

complaints









［
L
］

psychological






［
E
］

contributions







［
M
］

raised






［
F
］

displayed










［
N
］

smart






［
G
］

essentially









［
O
］

standard






［
H
］

eventually
答案
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. M) raised





48. L) psychological


49. E) contributions


50. A) abilities
51. B) achieve




52. N) smart







53. I) extent









54. J) indicates
55. G) essentially


56. H) eventually
















2010
年
6
月英语四级考试真题

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)


Section A


Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to
select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following
the
passage.
Read
the
passage
through
carefully
before
making
your
choices.
Each
choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use
any of the words in the bank more than once.


Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.


When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones
–
the kind of
high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines.
But
the
U.S.
has
more
than
100
million
existing
homes,
and
it
would
be
__47__
wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous
amount
of
energy
and
resources
went
into
the
construction
of
those
houses.
And
it
would
take
an
average
of
65
years
for
the
__49__
carbon
emissions
from
a
new
energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So
in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But
at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling
and
__51__
our
homes,
offices
and
other
buildings.

can't
deal
with
climate
change without dealing with existing buildings,
the National Trust.


With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses
built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after
2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more
outside air.


Fortunately,
there
are
a
__54__
number
of
relatively
simple
changes
that
can
green
older
homes,
from
__55__
ones
like
Lincoln's
Cottage
to
your
own
postwar
home.
And
efficiency
upgrades
(
升级
)
can
save
more
than
just
the
earth;
they
can
help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.


注意：此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。

A) accommodations


B) clumsy


C) doubtful



D) exceptions



E) expand









F) historic


G) incredibly



H) powering




I) protect










J) reduced


K) replace







L) sense



M) shifted








N) supplying



O) vast
答案
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)



47. G incredibly

48. K replace

49. J reduced

50. L sense

51. H powering


52. D exceptions


53. E expand

54. O vast

55. F historic

56. I protect

2009
年
12
月大学英语四级考试真题及答案


Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.


In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child
’
s
language development than mothers, a new study suggests.


Researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were
a
year old,
interviewing
each to
establish income, level
of education and
child care
arrangements.
Overall,
it
was
a
group
of
well-class
families,
with
married
parents
both living in the home.


When
the
children
were
2,
researchers
videotaped
them
at
home
in
free-play
sessions
with
both
parents,
48
all
of
their
speech.
The
study
will
appear
in
the
November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.


The
scientists
measured
the
49
number
of
utterance
(
话语
)
of
the
parents,
the
number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50
of
their
speech.
On
average,
fathers
spoke
less
than
mothers
did,
but
they
did
not
differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.


Finally, the researchers 51 the children
’
s speech at age 3, using a standardized
language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother
’
s level
of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.



The researchers are 53 why the father
’
s speech, and not the mother
’
s, had an
effect.


“
It
’
s well 54 that the mother
’
s language does have an impact,
”

said Nadya
Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers
in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children
’
s speech development,
Ms. Pancso
far said, ―or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn’t measure in
the study.‖



注意：此部分试题在答题卡
1
上。

A) already







B) analyzed





C) aspects





D) characters

E) contributing




F) describing




G) established


H) quality

I) quoted









J) recording





K) recruited


L) total
M) unconscious



N) unsure





O) yet

答案
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47.
【快速解题】动词辨义题。



K
【火眼 金睛】本句缺少谓语，根据句中
before
引导的时间状语从句中的过
去时态，可以断定谓语动词应使用过去时。
根据句意，
备选动词中
recruited符合
题意。此外备选词中
analyzed
是强干扰项，但其实并不合适，因为“ 研究者们分
析了
92
个家庭??，并且逐一询问了他们的收入、受教育状况、孩子的照 顾情
况。
”其中“分析”与“逐一询问”在逻辑意义上不符。



48.
【快速解题】动词辨义题。



J
【火眼 金睛】空格处在
with
短语中，且应该作宾语
parents
的补足语。 根
据句意可知此处应为“研究人员将他们与父母双方在家自由玩耍的情景录制下
来，并记录他们 所有的谈话。
”可以看出此处需填一个动名词，并含有“记录”
的意思，备选动词中
r ecording
符合题意。



49.
【快速解题】动词辨义题。



L
【火眼金睛】空格位于
the
与
number
之间，可 知此处需填入一个形容词
作定语。备选形容词中
total
符合题意，意为“父母亲话语总的数量”
。



50.
【快速解题】名词辨义题。



C
【火眼金睛】空格位于
other
之后，可知此处需填入名词，备选名词 只有
aspects
符合题意，意为“科学家们测量了父母亲话语总的数量，使用不同词汇的数量，他们的语句的复杂程度以及他们语言的其他方面。
”

51.
【快速解题】动词辨义题。



B
【火眼金睛】空格在主语
the
researchers
之后， 可知此处应填入谓语动词
的过去时态。剩余的备选动词中
analyzed
符合题意 ，意为“最后，当孩子们三
岁时，
研究者们对孩子进行了标准化的语言测试，
并对他们 的语言进行了分析。
”



52.
【快速解题】名词辨义题。



H
【火眼金睛】空格处前后分别为

the
与
of
，可知此处需填入名词，根据上
下文可知该句意为
“测试中，
预测高分的指标包括母 亲受教育的程度，
养育孩子
的质量，父亲使用不同词汇的数量。
”备选名词中
quality
符合题意。



53.
【快速解题】形容词辨义题。



N
【火眼金睛】空格位于
be
动词与
why
从句之间，可 知需填入形容词或过
去分词，以构成系表结构。动词中的剩余词汇，均不能使句意通顺。备选形容词中
unsure
可使句意通顺，意为“令研究者们疑惑的是为什么父亲而非母亲的语
言对孩子有影响。
”



54.
【快速解题】动词辨义题。



G
【火眼金睛】空格处在
is well
和
that
从句之 间，此处需要填入过去分词。
备选动词中
established
符合题意
,
其中
it is well established that
?，
意为
“大家公
认??”
。



55.
【快速解题】副词辨义题。



A【火眼金睛】本句结构完整，空格处需填入一个副词。空格前后的
had
并
不相同 ，前面的
had
是构成过去完成时态的助动词，后面的
had
是短语
have
a
strong influence on
?，结合句意，备选副词中
already
符合题意。



56.
【快速解题】动词辨义题。



E【火眼金睛】纵观全句，空格处应填入现在分词，与
are
构成现在进行时
态。根 据句意“最终对于整个学校的文化氛围都会产生有益的影响”
。备选动词
中
contr ibuting
符合题意
,
意为
“可能母亲起作用的方式在研究中我们没有测量。
”

2009
年
6
月英语四级考试真题与答案

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.





Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that
writhing
is
too
hard.
They
never
write,
unless
assignments

47

it .
They
fine
the
writing process

48

and difficult.






How
awful
to
be
able
to
speak
in
a
language
but
not
to
write
in
it-

49

English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in
an

50

mansion
(
豪宅
) and never leaving
one
small room . When
I meet
students
who think they can
’
t write, I know as a teacher my

51

is to show them the rest of
the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in
any writing activity to

52

the moral and emotional development of my students .
One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.





Writing ability is
like strength
training.
Writing needs to
be done

53

, just
like
exercise
;
just
as
muscles
grow
stronger
with
exercise
,
writing
skills
improve
quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and

54

after
only a few weeks of journal writing .





Expressing
oneself
in
writing
is
one
of
the
most
important
skills
I
teach
to
strengthen
the
whole
student.
When
my
students
practice
journal
writing,
they
are
practicing for their future academic, political,
and

55

lives . They build skills so
that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or
the
perfect
love
letter.
Every
day
that
they
write
in
their
journals
puts
them
a
step








56

to fluency ,
eloquence
(
雄辩
), and command of language .
A)

closer




























I) painful
B)

daily





























J) performance
C)

emotional

























K) profession
D)

enhance


























L) remarkably
E)

enormous

























M) require
F)

especially

























N) sensitive
G)

hinder




























O) urge