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摆锤金融术语翻译

作者:高考题库网
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2021-01-20 10:51
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marcel-摆锤

2021年1月20日发(作者:凉糕)
经济金融术语汉英对照表

C

财务公司

finance companies

财政赤字

fiscal deficit

财政挤银行

fiscal pressure on the central bank

over monetary policy



财政政策与货币政策的配合

coordination
of
fiscal and monetary policies











in
a
phased
and
sequenced manner

操作弹性

operational flexibility

操纵汇率

to manipulate exchange rate

产品构成

product composition;product mix

产品积压

stock pile;excessive inventory

产销率

current period inventory;
(即期库存,
不含前期库存)
sales/output ratio

产销衔接

marketability

产业政策

industrial policy

长期国债

treasury bonds

敞口头寸

open position

炒股

to speculate in the stock market

承购包销

underwrite

securities










complete
sets
of
equipment;complete plant

s



城市信用社

urban credit cooperatives

UCCs










urban
cooperative
banks;municipal united banks

城市商业银行

municipal commercial banks

城乡居民收入增长超过物价涨幅

real
growth
in household income

持续升温

persistent overheating

重复布点

duplicate projects

重置成本

replacement cost

重组计划

restructuring plan

筹资渠道

funding sources;financing channels

初见成效

initial success

A

安全网

safety net

按可比口径

on comparable basis

按轻重缓急

to prioritize

暗补

implicit subsidy

暗亏

hidden loss


B

颁发营业执照

to license;to grant a licence to

办理存款业务

to take deposits







产< br>积



to
protect
farmers'incentive to produce

备付金(超额准备金)

excess reserves







consolidation
of
domestic
and
foreign currencyaccounts

本外币对冲操作

sterilization operation

本位利益

localized interest;departmentalism

奔小康

to strive to prosper;to strive to become
well-to-do

避税(请见

逃税



tax avoidance

币种搭配不当

currency mismatch

币种构成

currency composition

变相社会集资

disguised irregular

or illegal


fund raising










off-balance-sheet
items

operation



薄弱环节

weaknesses;loopholes

不变成本

fixed cost

不变价

at constant price;in real terms

不动产

real estate










problem
loans

non-performing loans

assets



1












canalization
of
exports

出口退税

export tax rebate

储蓄存款

household deposits

不完全等同于 西
方的
savingsdeposits
,前者包括活期存款,后
者不包括。



储蓄分流

diversion of household deposits






decline
in
the
availability
of
household savings

传导机制

transmission mechanism

从价税

ad valorem tax

从紧控制

tight control

存贷款比例

loan/deposit ratio

存款保险体系

deposit insurance system

存款货币银行

deposit money banks

存款准备金

required reserves
D

打白条

issue IOU

大额存单

certificate of deposit

CD



大额提现

withdraw deposits in large amounts

大面积滑坡

wide-spread decline

大一统的银行体制


all-in- one

mono-bank
system

呆账(请见

坏账



bad loans

呆账准备金

loan loss reserves

provisions



呆滞贷款

idle loans

贷款沉淀

non-performing loans

贷款分类

loan classification

贷款限额管理

credit
control;to
impose
credit
ceiling

贷款约束机制

credit disciplinary

constraint

mechanism

代理国库

to act as fiscal agent

代理金融机构贷款

make
loans
on
behalf
of
other institutions

戴帽贷款

ear-marked loans






reversed
transmission
of
the
pressure for easing monetary condition

道德风险

moral hazard

地区差别

regional disparity

第一产业

the primary industry

第二产业

the secondary industry






the
service
industry;the
tertiary
industry

递延资产

deferrable assets

订货不足

insufficient orders

定期存款

time deposits

定向募集

raising funds from targeted sources

东道国(请见

母国



host country

独立核算

independent accounting

短期国债

treasury bills

对冲操作

sterilization operation;hedging










claims
on
non-financial
sector

多种所有制形式

diversified ownership

E

恶性通货膨胀

hyperinflation

二级市场

secondary market


F

发行货币

to issue currency

发行总股本

total stock issue







required
reserves;reserve
requirement

法人股

institutional shares

法人股东

institutional shareholders

法治

rule of law

房地产投资

real estate investment


2
放松银根

to ease monetary policy







off-site
surveillance

or
monitoring











non- bank
financial
institutions

非赢利性机构

non-profit organizations





assignment
of
central
and
local
taxes;tax assignment system






segregation
of
financial
business

services

;division of business scope based
on the type of financial institutions

风险暴露(风险敞口)

risk exposure

风险管理

risk management

风险意识

risk awareness

风险资本比例

risk-weighted capital ratios

风险资本标准

risk-based capital standard

服务事业收入

public
service
charges;user's
charges

扶贫

poverty alleviation

负增长

negative growth







double-entry
budgeting;capital
and current budgetary account

G

改革试点

reform experimentation

杠杆率

leverage ratio

杠杆收购

leveraged buyout






to
raise
funds
by
offering
high
interest

个人股

non- institutional shares






fundamental
turnaround

or
reversal



公开市场操作

open market operations






deposit
public
funds
in
personal
accounts

公用事业

public utilities

公有经济

the
state-owned
sector;the
public
sector

公有制

public ownership

工业成本利润率

profit-to-cost ratio

工业增加值

industrial value added

供大于求

supply exceeding demand;excessive
supply

鼓励措施

incentives








joint- equity
cooperative
enterprises

股份制企业

joint-equity enterprises

股份制银行

joint-equity banks

固定资产贷款

fixed asset loans

关税减免

tariff reduction and exemption

关税减让

tariff concessions






tariff
incentives;preferential
tariff
treatment






to
regularize

or
standardize

…behavior

规模效益

economies of scale






national
interest
and
people's
livelihood











other
government
outlays to individuals

国家风险

country risk

国际分工

international division of labor

国际收支

balance of payments










wholly
state-owned
commercial banks

国有经济
(部门)

the state- owned

or public

sector

国有企业

state-owned enterprises

SOEs



国有制

state-ownership

国有资产流失

erosion of state assets


3
国债回购

government securities repurchase









primary
underwriters
of
government securities

过度竞争

excessive competition

过度膨胀

excessive expansion

过热迹象

signs of overheating

H

合理预期

rational expectation

核心资本

core capital

合资企业

joint- venture enterprises

红利

dividend










sound
macroeconomic
performance










macroeconomic
fundamentals

宏观调控

macroeconomic
management

or
adjustment



宏观调控目标

macroeconomic
objectives

or
targets



坏账

bad debt

还本付息

debt service

换汇成本

unit
export
cost;local
currency
cost
of export earnings

汇兑在途

funds in float

汇兑支出

advance
payment
of
remittance
by
the beneficiary's bank

汇率并轨

unification of exchange rates

活期存款

demand deposits

汇率失调

exchange rate misalignment

混合所有制

diversified

mixed

ownership

货币政策态势

monetary policy stance

货款拖欠

overdue obligations to suppliers

J

基本建设投资

investment in infrastructure

基本经济要素

economic fundamentals

基本适度

broadly appropriate

基准利率

benchmark interest rate








deposits
of
non-profit
institutions

机会成本

opportunity cost

激励机制

incentive mechanism

积压严重

heavy stockpile;excessive inventory

挤提存款

run on banks

挤占挪用

unwarranted diversion of

financial

resources

from designated uses








investment
in
technological
upgrading

技术密集型产品

technology-intensive product

计划单列市

municipalities
with
independent
planning status

计划经济

planned economy

集体经济

the collective sector










to
intensify
structural
adjustment

加工贸易

processing trade

加快态势

accelerating trend










to
enhance
tax
administration

加权价

weighted average price

价格放开

price liberalization

价格形成机制

pricing mechanism

减亏

to reduce losses






to
cut
red
tape;to
simplify

streamline

procedures

交投活跃

brisk trading

缴存准备金

to deposit required reserves

结构扭曲

structural distortion

结构失调

structural imbalance

结构性矛盾突出

acute structural imbalance


4






optimization



structural
improvement
可变成本

variable cost

可自由兑换货币

freely convertible currency

控制现金投放

control currency issuance








in
real
terms;on
inflation-adjusted basis

库存产品

inventory

跨国银行业务

cross-border banking

跨年度采购

cross-year procurement

会计准则

accounting standard


L

来料加工

processing of imported materials for
export

离岸银行业务

off-shore banking

business










to
rationalize
foreign
trade
regime

利率杠杆的调节作用

the role of interest rates
in resource allocation

利润驱动

profit-driven

利息回收率

interest collection ratio







sale
and
purchase
of
foreign
exchange

金融脆弱

financial fragility

金融动荡

financial turbulence

金融风波

financial disturbance

金融恐慌

financial panic

金融危机

financial crisis

金融压抑

financial repression

金融衍生物

financial derivatives

金融诈骗

financial fraud

紧缩银根

to tighten monetary policy






austerity
policies;tight
financial
policies

经常账户可兑换

current account convertibility

经济特区

special economic zones

SEZs



经济体制改革

economic reform











change
in
the
main
source of economic growth

from investment
expansion to efficiency gains










economic
slowdown;moderation in economic growth

经济制裁

economic sanction

经营自主权

autonomy in management

景气回升

recovery in business activity

境外投资

overseas investment

竞争加剧

intensifying competition

局部性金融风波

localized

isolated

financial
disturbance

K

开办人民币业务

to engage in RMB business














sustainable
economic growth

联行清算

inter-bank settlement






franchise

businesses

;chain
businesses

良性循环

virtuous cycle






growing
income
disparity;polarization in income distribution

零售物价指数

retail price index

RPI



流动性比例

liquidity ratio

流动资产周转率
/
流通速度

velocity
of
liquid
assets

流动资金贷款

working capital loans

流通体制

distribution system

流通网络

distribution network

留购(租赁期满时承租人可购买租赁物)

hire

5

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