seaman《高考真题》2019年高考英语母题题源系列专题02 阅读理解故事类(解析版)

2021年1月20日发(作者：除此之外英语翻译)


专题
02
阅读理解（故事类）


【母题来源一】



【
2019
·全国
I
卷，
B
】


For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y
.
，
today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris
Palaez’s turn. The 8
-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would
enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.
“
I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…
”
Chris trips on the
“
-ld,
”
a.
pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him,
whispering support.
“
…Vote for …me …
”
Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he
brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(
回想起
)how at
the beginning of the year
，
when called upon to read
，
Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets
you make mistakes. “I
t takes a lot for any student
，
” Whaley explains
，
“especially for a student who is learning
English as their new language
，
to feel confident enough to say
，
‘I don’t know
，
but I want to know.’”

Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to
raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project
is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(
夸耀
)about
themselves.
“Boasting about yourself
，
and your best qualities,” Whaley says
，
“is very difficult for a child who came into the
classroom not feeling confident.”

24. What made Chris nervous
？

A. Telling a story.
C. Taking a test.
B. Making a speech.
D. Answering a question.
25.
What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Improper pauses.
B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes.
D. Silly jokes.
26.
We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.


1

A. help students see their own strengths
B.
assess students’ public speaking skills

C. prepare students for their future jobs
D.
inspire students’ love for politics

27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous.
B. Ambitious.
C. Caring.
D. Demanding.
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述
Thomas
Whaley
为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一
个演讲课程。

24.B


【解析】
细节理解题。
根据第一段
today is speech day
和本段最后一句
with shining dark eyes, he seems like the
kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking.
以及第二段第一句
But he
’
s nervous .
可知，
Chris
眼睛黑亮，似
乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很 紧张，故可知
Chris
是因为做演讲紧张，故选
B
。

25.A


【解析】
词义猜测题。
根据第二段

“
I
’
m here to tell you today why you should
…
should
…”
Chris trips on the
“
-ld
”
,
a
pronunciation
difficulty
for
many
non-native
English
speakers.
以及后文
except
for
some
stumbles,
Chris is doing amazingly well
可知
, Chris
发
ld
比较 困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，
总体来说
Chris
做得出奇 的好。根据前文可知，
ld
发音不准，因此有些结巴，停顿得不准，故选
A
。

26.A

【解析】
推理判断题。
根据倒数第二段
Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak
in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.
以及最后一段

“
boasting about yourself, and
your
best
qualities,
”

Whaley
says,
“
is
very
difficult
for
a
child
who
came
into
the
classroom
not
feeling
conf ident.
”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己 对于
那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知，
Whaley
老师这么做是为 了帮助学生认识自己的优势增
加信心，故选
A
。

27.C

【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign

project
when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.
和最后一段
He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves
可知，当他有一 天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的
时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心， 故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。
humorous
幽默的，

ambitious
有雄心壮志的；
caring
关心的；
demanding
要求高的。故选
C
。


2


【母题来源二】



【
2019
·全国
II
卷，
B
】

then I will do it.” This was an ac
tual reply

“You can use me as a last resort(
选择
), and if nobody else volunteers
，
from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(
长曲棍球
)club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an
unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single
parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this
point the unwilling parent speaks up,
“
Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.
”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The
unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.
Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to
focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges
to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with
a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(
社区
)as you
freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others
benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l
？

A. She knows little about the club.
B. She isn't good at sports.
C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D. She's unable to meet her schedule.
25. What does the underlined phrase
“
tug at the heartstrings
”
in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encourage team work.
B. Appeal to feeling.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?
A. She gets interested in lacrosse.

3

B. She is proud of her kids.
C.
She’ll work for another season.

D. She becomes a good helper.
27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?
A. It gives her a sense of duty.
B. It makes her very happy.
C. It enables her to work hard.
D. It brings her material rewards.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。

24.C


【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的

You
can
use
me
as
a
last
resort
（选择）
,
and
if

nobody
else
volunteers
，
then I will do it.
可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他的志愿者，那么我就做。由此
可推断出，她不想做自愿者。故选
C
。

25.B


【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线前句
she may just need a little persuading.
和下面的一句话
I mention the single
parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on ...
可知，
作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例 子。故可知，划线句此处应是“煽情”之意。故选
B
。

26.D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及
the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable
member of the t eam
可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选
D
。

27.B


【解析】细节理解题。题干问作者为什 么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四最两句
Connecting to the community
（社区）
as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
可知，为社区做贡献可以带来真正的快乐，

参加志愿者活动活动能让人感觉快乐。故选
B
。

【母题来源三】
【
2019
·北京卷，
B
】


Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(
创业者
), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time
she was 13
，
her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids'
teeth
，
instead of destroying them.

4

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a
candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But
Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning,
can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?
With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He
recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy
would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe
that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently,
she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first
business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell

Moore's product- Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about
the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a
clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded
her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others
find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears
that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him.
C. She paid no attention.
35. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health.
C. It is sweeter than other candies.
36. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money.
C. To make herself stand out.
37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.

5
B. She tried to find a way out.
D. She chose to consult dentists.
B. It is free of sweeteners.
D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
B. To help others find smiles.
D. To beat other candy companies.

B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了
Alice Moore
，一个年轻有为的 创业者的故事，故事告诉我
们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。

34.B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的
But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round
the warning,
’
t I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?
及
下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫
Can Candy
的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路。
故选
B。

35.A



【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的
Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural
sweeteners, which can reduce oral bact eria.
可知，因此，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此
它对牙齿有利。故 选
A
。

36.B


【解析】
细节理解题。
根据最后一段的
Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their sm iles.
可知，
Moor
想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选
B
。

37.C


【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述 了
Moor
的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观
的看待问题， 积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
故选
C
。




【命题意图】

阅读理解 从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅
读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。

【考试方向】
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间 、地点、
人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些< br>
6

文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的 难度通常不大，在阅读
过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事 情的始末，
因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、
故事的前因和后果等方面入手，
考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
阅读此 类文章
应特别注意：
（
1
）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生，发展， 高潮和结局；
（
2
）若是＂
哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（
3
）若是

＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，
进而才能感受幽默的精髓。

【得分要 点】
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅
读体裁中， 记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有
可能大大提高。

要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。

一、
记叙文写作特点





记叙文是 一种记载和叙述事件由来，
描绘事物和人物情景状态、
过程及发展的文体。
消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。





就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，
要么是按事件的 重要性的顺序来展开。
不管
是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这 是记叙文的精华所在，
也
是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。

二、
记叙文命题特点





从命题形 式上看，
常见的有细节理解、
词义猜测、
主旨大意、
推理判断、
作者 意图等题型。
除了推论或词义辨识题，
记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的 顺序层层推
进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题
目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，
因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主< br>旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总
之， 细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区
分度，它们是拉 开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记
叙文的应对策略即：不漏细 节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。

三、
记叙文答题技巧





一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性 强的方法和技巧。
下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。

No.1
顺藤摸瓜



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