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三月的英文电子商务名词解释(英文版)

作者:高考题库网
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2021-01-20 11:29
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空棘鱼-三月的英文

2021年1月20日发(作者:后来的后来)

1.
e-commerce

The
process
of
buying,
selling,
or
exchanging
products,
services,
or
information
via
computer


2
.e-business

A broader definition of EC that includes not just the buying and selling of goods and services,
but also servicing customers, collaborating with business partners, and conducting electronic transactions
within an organization


3.
brick-and-mortar
(old
economy)
organizations

Old-economy
organizations
(corporations)
that
perform
their primary business off-line, selling physical products by means of physical agents


4.
virtual (pure-play) organizations

Organizations that conduct their business activities solely online


5.
click-and-mortar (click-and-brick) organizations

Organizations that conduct some e-commerce activities,
usually as an additional marketing channel


6.
electronic market (e-marketplace)

An online marketplace where buyers and sellers meet to exchange goods,
services, money, or information


7
.Interorganizational
information
systems
(IOSs)

Communications
systems
that
allow
routine
transaction
processing and information flow between two or more organizations


8.
Intraorganizational information systems

Communication systems that enable e-commerce activities to go
on within individual organizations


9.
intranet

An internal corporate or government network

that uses Internet tools, such as Web browsers, and
Internet protocols


10.
extranet

A network that uses the Internet to link multiple intranets


11.
business-to-business (B2B)

E-commerce model in which all of the participants are businesses or other
organizations


12.
business-to- consumer (B2C)

E-commerce model in which businesses sell to individual shoppers


13.
business-to-business-to-consumer (B2B2C)

E-commerce model
in
which
a
business
provides
some
product or service to a client business that maintains its own customers


14.
consumer-to-business (C2B)

E-commerce model in which individuals use the Internet to sell products or
services to organizations or individuals who seek sellers to bid on products or services they need


15
.e-tailing

Online retailing, usually B2C


16.
intrabusiness EC

E-commerce category that includes all internal organizational activities that involve the
exchange of goods, services, or information among various units and individuals in an organization


17.
business-to-employees (B2E)

E-commerce model in which an organization delivers services, information,
or products to its individual employees


18.
consumer-to- consumer(C2C)

E-commerce model in which consumers sell directly to other consumers


19.
collaborative commerce (c-commerce)

E-commerce model in which individuals or groups communicate
or collaborate online


20.
e-learning

The online delivery of information for purposes of training or education


21.
e-government

E-commerce model in which a government entity buys or provides goods, services, or
information from or to businesses or individual citizens


22.
social computing

An approach aimed at making the human-computer interface more natural


23.
Web
2.0

The
second-generation
of
Internet-based
services
that
let
people
collaborate
and
share
information
online
in
new
ways,
such
as
social
networking
sites,
wikis,
communication
tools,
and
folksonomies


24.
social
network

A
category
of
Internet
applications
that
help
connect
friends,
business
partners,
or
individuals with specific interests by providing free services such as photo presentations, e-mail, blogging,
and so on using a variety of tools


25.
social network service (SNS)

A service that builds online communities by providing an online space for
people to build free homepages and that provides basic communication and support tools for conducting
different activities in the social network


26.
social networking

The creation or sponsoring of a social network service and any activity, such as blogging,
done in a social network


27.
enterprise-oriented networks

Social networks whose primary objective is to facilitate business


28.
virtual
world

A
user- defined
world
in
which
people
can
interact,
play,
and
do
business.
The
most
publicized virtual world is Second Life


29.
digital
economy

An
economy
that
is
based
on
digital
technologies,
including
digital
communication
networks, computers, software, and other related information technologies; also called the Internet economy,
the new economy, or the Web economy


30.
digital enterprise

A new business model that uses IT in a fundamental way to accomplish one or more of
three
basic
objectives:
reach
and
engage
customers
more
effectively,
boost
employee
productivity,
and
improve operating
efficiency.
It
uses
converged
communication
and computing
technology
in
a
way
that
improves business processes


31.
corporate portal

A major gateway through which employees, business partners, and the public can enter
a corporate Web site


32.
business model

A method of doing business by which a company can generate revenue to sustain itself


33.
revenue
model:
sales,transaction
fees,subscription
fees,advertising
fees,affiliate
fees,other
revenue
sources.

1.
e-marketplace

An online market, usually B2B, in which buyers and sellers exchange goods or services; the
three types of e-marketplaces are private, public, and consortia


2.
marketspace

A marketplace in which sellers and buyers exchange goods and services for money (or for
other goods and services), but do so electronically


3.
digital products

Goods that can be transformed to digital format and delivered over the Internet


4.
front end

The portion of an e-seller

s business processes through which customers interact, including the
seller

s portal, electronic catalogs, a shopping cart, a search engine, and a payment gateway


5.
back
end

The
activities
that
support
online
order
fulfillment,
inventory
management,
purchasing
from
suppliers, payment processing, packaging, and delivery


6.
intermediary

A third party that operates between sellers and buyers


7.
sell-side
e-marketplace

A
private
e-marketplace
in
which
one
company
sells
either
standard
and/or
customized products to qualified companies


8.
buy-side e-marketplace

A private e-marketplace in which one company makes purchases from invited
suppliers


9.
storefront

A single company

s Web site where products or services are sold


10.
e-mall (online mall)

An online shopping center where many online stores are located


11.
Web portal

A single point of access, through a Web browser, to critical business information located inside
and outside (via Internet) of an organization


Types of portals:
commercial portal,corporate portals,publishing portals,personal portals
12.
mobile portal

A portal accessible via a mobile device


13.
voice portal

A portal accessed by telephone or cell phone


14.
infomediaries

Electronic intermediaries that provide and/or control information flow in cyberspace, often
aggregating information and selling it to others


15.
e-distributor

An e-commerce intermediary that connects manufacturers with business buyers (customers)
by aggregating the catalogs of many manufacturers in one place

the intermediary

s Web site


16.
electronic
catalogs
(e-catalogs)

The
presentation
of
product
information
in
an
electronic
form;
the
backbone of most e-selling sites


17.
enterprise search

The practice of identifying and enabling specific content across the enterprise to be
indexed, searched, and displayed to authorized users


18.
desktop search

Search tools that search the contents of a user

s or organization

s computer files, rather
than searching the Internet


19
.search engine

A computer program that can access

databases of Internet resources, search for specific
information or keywords, and report the results


20.
electronic shopping cart

An order-processing technology that allows customers to accumulate items they
wish to buy while they continue to shop


21.
auction

A competitive process in which a seller solicits consecutive bids from buyers (forward auctions) or
a buyer solicits bids from sellers (backward auctions). Prices are determined dynamically by the bids


22.
electronic auctions (e-auctions)

Auctions conducted online


23.
forward
auction

An
auction
in
which
a
seller
entertains
bids
from
buyers.
Bidders
increase
price
sequentially


24.
reverse auction (bidding or tendering system)

Auction in which the buyer places an item for bid (tender) on
a request for quote (RFQ) system, potential suppliers bid on the job, with the price reducing sequentially, and
the lowest bid wins; primarily a B2B or G2B mechanism


25.

name-your-own- price


model

Auction model in which a would-be buyer specifies the price (and other
terms) he or she is willing to pay to any willing and able seller. It is a C2B model that was pioneered by



26.
double auction

An auction in which multiple buyers and their bidding prices are matched with multiple
sellers and their asking prices, considering the quantities on both sides


27.
bartering

The exchange of goods and services


28.
e-bartering (electronic bartering)

Bartering conducted online, usually in a bartering exchange


29.
bartering exchange

A marketplace in which an intermediary arranges barter transactions


30.
blog:
A personal Web site that is open to the public to read and to interact with; dedicated to specific topics
or issues


31.
vlog (or video blog)

A blog with video content


32.
micro- blogging

A form of blogging that allows users to write messages (usually up to 140 characters) and
publish them, either to be viewed by anyone or by a restricted group that can be chosen by the user


33
.Twitter

A free micro-blogging service that allows its users

to send and read other users


updates


34.
tweets

Text-based posts up to 140 characters in length posted to Twitter


35
.tag

A nonhierarchical keyword or term assigned to a piece of information


36.
folksonomy

The
practice
and method
of
collaboratively
creating,
classifying,
and managing
tags
to
annotate and categorize content


37.
social bookmarking

Web service for sharing Internet bookmarks. The sites are a popular way to store,
classify, share, and search links through the practice of folksonomy techniques on the Internet and intranets


38.
wiki (wikilog)

A blog that allows everyone to participate as a peer; anyone may add, delete, or change
content


39.
avatars

Animated computer characters that exhibit humanlike movements and behaviors


40.
customization

Creation of a product or service according to the buyer

s specifications


41.
personalization

The ability to tailor a product, service, or Web content to specific user preferences


42.
disintermediation

Elimination of intermediaries between sellers and buyers


43.
reintermediation
Disintermediated entities or newcomers take on new intermediary roles


44.
mass customization

A method that enables manufacturers to create specific products for each customer
based on the customer

s exact needs


45.
build-to-order (pull system)

A manufacturing process that starts with an order (usually customized). Once
the order is paid for, the vendor starts to fulfill it



1.
direct marketing

Broadly, marketing that takes place without

intermediaries between manufacturers and
buyers; in the context of this book, marketing done online between any seller and buyer


2.
virtual (pure- play) e-tailers

Firms that sell directly to consumers over the Internet without maintaining a
physical sales channel


3.
click-and-mortar
retailers

Brick-and-mortar
retailers
that
offer
a
transactional
Web
site
from
which
to
conduct business


4.
brick-and-mortar
retailers

Retailers
who
do
business
in
the
non-Internet,
physical
world
in
traditional
brick-and-mortar stores


5.
multichannel business model

A business model where a company sells in multiple marketing channels
simultaneously


6.
electronic(online) banking or e-banking:
various banking activities conducted from home or the road using an
internet connection;also known as cyberbanking,birtual banking,online banking ,and home banking
7.
birtual banks
:have no physical location;only conduct online transactions
8.
shopping portals:
gateways to e-storefronts and e-malls;may be comprehensive or niche oriented
9.
shopping robots
:tools that scout the web on behalf of consumers who specify search criteria
10.
disintermediation:
the
removal
of
organizations
or
business
process
layers
responsible
for
certain
intermediary steps in a given supply chain
11.
reintermediation
:the process whereby intermediaries take on new intermediary roles
12.
cybermediation(electronic intermediation)
:the use of software(intelligent) agents to facilitate intermediation
13.
channel conflict:
situation in which an online marketing channel upsets the taditional channels due to real or
perceived damage from competition

product brokering:

Deciding what product to buy
merchant brokering:

Deciding from whom (from what merchant) to buy a product
market segmentation:
The process of dividing a consumer market into logical groups for conducting marketing

research and analyzing personal information
one-to-one marketing (relationship marketing):
Marketing that treats each customer in a unique way
personalization:
The matching of services, products, and advertising content with individual consumers and
their preferences
user profile:
The requirements, preferences, behaviors, and demographic traits of a particular customer
cookie:
A data file that is placed on a user’s hard drive by a remote We
b server, frequently without disclosure
or the user’s consent, which collects information about the user’s activities at a site

behavioral targeting:
Targeting that uses information collected about an individual’s Web
-browsing behavior,
such as the pages they have visited or the searches they have made, to select an advertisement to display to
that individual
collaborative
filtering:
A
market
research
and
personalization
method
that
uses
customer
data
to
predict,
based on formulas derived from behavioral sciences, what other products or services a customer may enjoy;
predictions can be extended to other customers with similar profiles
e-loyalty:
Customer loyalty to an e-tailer or loyalty programs delivered online or supported electronically
interactive marketing:

Online marketing, facilitated by the Internet, by which marketers and advertisers can
interact directly with customers, and consumers can interact with advertisers/vendors
CPM (cost per thousand impressions) :

T
he fee an advertiser pays for each 1,000 times a page with a banner
ad is shown
advertising networks:
Specialized firms
that offer customized Web
advertising,
such
as
brokering
ads
and
targeting ads to select groups of consumers
banner:

On a Web page, a graphic advertising display linked to the ad
vertiser’s Web page


spot buying:
The purchase of goods and services as they are needed, usually at prevailing market prices
strategic
(systematic)
sourcing:
Purchases
involving
long- term
contracts
that
usually
are
based
on
private
negotiations between sellers and buyers
direct materials:
Materials used in the production of a product (e.g., steel in a car or paper in a book)
indirect materials:
Materials used to support production (e.g., office supplies or light bulbs)
MRO (maintenance, repair, and operation) :
Indirect materials used in activities that support production
vertical marketplaces:
Markets that deal with one industry or industry segment (e.g., steel, chemicals)

空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文


空棘鱼-三月的英文



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