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.
课
题
复习时态:过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时、将来进行时
授课时间:
备课时间:
掌握过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时、将来进行时基本构成和基本
教学目标
用法;熟记各种时态的结构和时间状语。
重点、难点
1.
高考考纲规定的
3500
左的词是基本词汇
2.
词类:
1
)名词
2
)形容词
3
)副词
4
)动词
5
)代词
6
)冠词
7
)数词
8
)介词
9
)连词
各时态在语法填空、改错题的综合运用
考点及考试要求
3.
时态和语态
4.
虚拟语气
5.
非谓语动词
6.
简单句和并列句
7.
名词性从句
8.
定语从句
9.
状语从句
10.
主谓一致
11.
特殊句式(省略,倒装,
there be
句型,
强调,插入语)
教学内容
一、知识点
高考时态
一.定义
顾名思义,时是事情发生的时间,态是动词表现的形态。也就是说,随着事情发生的时间不同而变
化 的动词形态就是时态。时态就是
“
时间
+
动词形态
”
的结合 。与语文相比,时态是英语所特有的。
二.分类
时态主要分为两大类,< br>那就是现在时态和过去时态。
时态总共有
16
种。
其中,
高中 阶段要求掌握
11
.
.
种。具体谓语动词的形式表现如下:
现
在
一般现在时
一般(现在)将来时
do
或
does
be(am/is/ar
e)
过
去
一般过去时
(一般)过去将来时
did
be(was/wer
e)
would do
或
be(was/
were) going to do
will/shall do
或
be(am
/is/are) going to do
现
在
进
行
(
现在
)
将来现
在
完
成
现
在完成
进
行
时
be(am/is/
进行时
shall/will
时
have/has
done
时
have/has
been
doing
are)doing
be doing
过
去
进
行
过
去
将
来
过
去
完
成
过
去完成
进
行
时
be(was/w
进行时
时
时
had
doing
been
would
be
had done
ere) doing
doing
1.
过去完成时
一、基本概念
总体上说它属 于
“
过去
”
这一时间段内发生的事情,它表达的是在某个过去动作或时间点之 前发生的
动作,简单地说就是
“
过去的过去
”
发生的事情
I
had finished
reading the novel
by nine o'clock last night.
二
、构成
①
基本形式
:had
+
过去分词
Eg
:
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
②
否定形式
:had
+
not
+
过去分词。如
:
③
一般疑问句形式
:had
提到句首
,
回答用< br>Yes,
主语
+
had.
/
No,
主语
+
hadn
’
t.
三、语法判定
1.
由时间状语来判定
一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状
语有:
.
.
(
1
)
by +
过去的时间点。如:
I
had finished
reading the novel
by nine o'clock last night.
(
2
)
by the end of +
过去的时间点。
如:
We
had learned
over two thousand English words
by the end of last term.
(
3
)
before +
过去的时间点。
如:
Before
10:00 yesterday
,
he
had
finished
his
homework.
2.
由
“
过去的过去
”
来判定。
过去完成时表示
“
过去的过去
”
,是指过去某 一动作之前已经发生或
完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时 。
She
said
she
had
seen
the
film
4
times.
四、用法
1
、表示在过去动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如
:
Most
of
the
guest
_____(leave)
when
he
arrived
at
the
party.
(即:客人在他到之前已经离开
了。
)
They
had
already
had
breakfast
before
they
arrived
at
the
hotel.
(即:吃饭在先,他们到达在
后。
)
2
、过去完成时还可以表示从过去某一时间开始,持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。
例如
:
He
_________(work)
in
the
factory
for
five
years
before
he
moved
here
.
By
the
time
I
got
there,
it______
already____________(
finish).
3
、叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发 生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常
使用过去完成时。
例如:
Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.
4.
过去完成时在从句的运用:在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发 生在前,用过去完成时;发生
.
.
在后,用一般过去时。
例如:
He said that he had known her well.
They
had
already
had
breakfast
before
they
arrived
at
the
hotel
I returned the book that I had borrowed.
五、其它句型
1.
It
was
the
first
time
that
从句中,从句用过去完成时。
It
was
the
first
time
that
he
had
seen
so
beautiful
scenery
。
2
、
.Hardly/scarcely....when
与
no
sooner
than
引导的时间状语从句中,从句是一般过去时时,
主句就用过去完成时。
e.g
:
He had hardly
begun
to
speak
when
the
audience
interrupted
him.
He
had
no
sooner arrived
than
he
went
away
again.
他刚到就又走了。
注:
hardly/
scarcely/
no
sooner
放在句首时,句子要使用部分倒装。
No
sooner
had
I
reached
home
than
it
began
to
rain
练习:
1
.
He
asked
me
____
during
the
summer
holidays.
A.
where
I
had
been
B.
where
I
had
gone
C.
where
had
I
been
D.
where
had
I
gone
2.
What___
Jane
____
by
the
time
he
was
sever?
A.
did,
do
B.
has,
done
C
did,
did.
D.
had,
done
3.
I
______
900
English
words
by
the
time
I
was
ten
。
A.
learned
B.
was
learning
C.
had
learned
D.
learnt
4.
By
the
time
my
parents
reached
home
yesterday,
I
___
the
dinner
already.
A
had
cooked
B.
cooked
C.
have
cooked
D.
was
cooked
5.
She
said
she
__________
the
principle
already
A
.has
seen
B.
saw
C.
will
see
D.
had
seen
.
.
2.
现在完成进行时
一、基本结构
:主语
+have/has+been doing
二、现在完成进行的基本用法
1.
现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这动作很可能继续进行下去。
如:
It has been raining since last Sunday.
He's been watching television all day.
2.
现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论。
如:
She is very tired. She's been typing letters all day.
Her eyes are red. She has been crying.
三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.
现在完成时可以表示一个
已经完成
的动作,而现在完成进行时则表示一 个
正在进行
的动作。
如:
I have read the book.
I have been reading the book.
2.
现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。
如:
I have waited for two hours.
(陈述事实)
I have been waiting for two hours.
(等得好辛苦)
3.
不用于进行时态的动词通常也不 用于现在完成进行时,但它们可以用于现在完成时。
如:
I've only known her for two day.
我认识她刚刚两天。
They've been married for twenty years.
他们结婚已二十年了。
.
.
The war has lasted for a long time.
这场战争持续了很长时间。
练习
:
用动词正确形式填空。
1. You know,
I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.
2. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning.
3. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.
3.
将来进行时
一.将来进行时
将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
基本结构是
:
will be +doing
be going to be +doing
例句:
I will be sleeping at 12:00 tomorrow evening.
明天晚上十二点的时候我将在睡觉。
What will you be doing at six tomorrow evening?
明天晚上六点你将在干什么?
二、
将来进行时常用的时间状语
:
At +
时间点
+ tomorrow/ next...,
At this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach.
明天的这个时间,我将会躺在海滩上了。
三.将来进行时基本用法
1.
表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,一般带状语。如:
We'll be having a meeting at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午三点
,
我们将正在开
会。
2.
主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作
,
或表示要在将来某一时刻开始
,
并继续下去的动作。如
:
例
:This time tomorrow you ________ there doing some more exercises.
A. will sit
B. will be sitting
C. sit
sit
.
.
I think that she will be working on this experiment until next morning.
3.
表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测。如:
After you take the medicine, you will be feeling much better.
四.将来进行时和一般将来时的区别
一般将 来时
的动作发生在将来某个时间,而
将来进行时
的动作发生在将来某个具体时间正在进 行。
比较:
I
’
ll write a letter to my parents tomorrow.
I
’
ll be writing a letter to my parents this time tomorrow.
4.
将来完成时
一、定义:将来完成时用在表示在将来某一时间以前已经完 成或一直持续的动作。经常与
before+
将来时间或
by+
将来时间连用 。
二、基本结构
主语
+ shall/will have done
三、用法:
①
表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作,并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。
例:
me up at 8 o'clock tomorrow,I will have had breakfast by then.
_______________________ __________________________
到这个学期末,我们将学完
12个单元。
②
表示推测,相当于
结构。
例:
will have heard of this, I guess.
我猜你已经听说过这件事了。
③
.
表示某种状态一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。
例:
We will have been married a year on June 25th.
到
6
月
25
日我们俩结婚就满
1
年了。
.
.
时态总结
一般现在时:
1
、构成:构成:
1
)
、
is /am /are
2
)
、实义动词
---------V
(原形)或
V+s/es
2
、
重点用法:
a
客观真理。
Birds fly.
b
现阶段习惯性动作。
We have four classes everyday.
3
、标志词:频率副词(
always
,
usually
,
often, every day, on Sundays
等)
4
、
时间状语从句
( until, when, as soon as
等引导
)
,条件状语从句(
unless, if
引导)中表将来。
If it rains tomorrow, we will have to stay at home.
一般过去时:
1
、
构成:
1
)
was/were
2)
动词过去式
V-ed(
不规则动词表的第二列
)
2
、
标志词:
以及表示过去的时间
( last.....yesterday
…
ago
in 1990
)
3
、
and, but ,so
连接几个动词,前面是过去时,后面也要保持一样。
The boy opened his eyes for a moment
,
looked at the captain
,
and then died.
一般将来时:
1
、构成:
am/is/are going to do+ V
原形
will+ V
原形
2
、重点用法:将来的事情
3
、标志词:
in+
一段时间
next.... , tomorrow
…
过去将来时:
.
.
1
构成
:
would+V
(原形)
2
重点用法
从过去某一时刻看将来要发生的事情。特别是宾语从句,主句
said, wanted to know
动
词的过去式时,宾语从句中,表示过去的将来。
Linda said that she would visit
her uncle the next Saturday.
现在进行时:
1
、
构成
is/am/are+Ving
2
、
标志词:
now, Look
,
Listen, these days.
过去进行时
:
1
、构成
:was/were+ V-ing
2
、
标志词:
表示过去的具体到时间点的时间
(
at five o
’
clock the day yesterday.
)
,
at that time
When +
一般过去时
While +
过去进行时
现在完成时
:
1
构成
have/has done
(-have/has+V-ed)
22
标志词:
since+
具体时间或者时间
, for+
一段时间
Already(
肯定句)
, yet
(否定句)
,
so far
到目前为止
by+
现在的时间
过去完成时
1
构成
had done
2
重点用法:
a
过去的过去!
(
一定要有第一个过去,才有第二个过去,才用到过去完成时
)
3
标志词:
before/ by+
过去的时间或
by the time+
过去的事情
课堂练习
一、单句语法填空
1
.
—
So
what
is
the
procedure?
—
All
the
applicants
________(interview)before
a
final
decision
is
mad
.
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