fella北京市西城区2020届高三诊断性考试(5月)英语试题

2021年1月20日发(作者：绿矾)

西城区高三年级英语诊断性考试试卷


第一部分：知识运用（共两节，
45
分）


C
第一节

语法填空（共

10
小题；每小题

1.5
分，共

15
分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写

1
个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。


A
Mia rushed home and threw open the front door. Her mother turned around, surprised that Mia was home from school so early.
“I won first place in the art contest!”
she
said (1)
pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Though Mia (2)
(work) eagerly on her art submission for weeks, her mother
wasn’t sure
(3)

the
project involved.
“That’s
wonderful, Mia! What was the
subject of your art project?” her mother asked. Smiling from ear to
ear, Mia handed over her artwork. It was a
portrait of her mother.

B
A study found that adults aged 18 to 33 checked their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes. As I learned during my
experiment, (4)


(place) some distance between myself and my device helped me devote myself to my work
more (5)
(easy). By not having my smartphone, my distraction
(
消遣
) time went down and thus my work time (6)
(spend) more efficiently
and effectively. On numerous occasions, I
found (7)
(I) wondering what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high- impact tasks for the day.
With the extra time, I can finally enjoy the pleasures of life.

C
In June 2012, China’ s first manned deep
-sea submersible(
潜水器
), Jiaolong,
set a world diving record for submersibles of its kind by reaching
a (8)


(deep) of 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China
successfully tested a submersible (9)
(call) Shenhai Yongshi, capable of diving 4,500
meters. (10)
much
of
Jiaolong’s
equipment

was
imported,
about
95
percent of Shenhai Yongshi and its core components were produced domestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer of Jiaolong.
2



第二节

完形填空（共

20
小题；每小题

1.5
分，共

30
分）

One morning in July 2011, a taxi sat wandering outside Petco Park stadium
in San Diego. And Wade LeBlanc, a (an)
(11) pitcher (
棒球投手
) for
the Padres, climbed in.
”
To the airport, please,
”
he told the driver. LeBlanc was
headed to Tucson, Arizona, home of the club’s A
-level branch organization at
the time.
He’d
been sent down to the minors. Again. For the eighth time in three
years.
“You’re Wade LeBlanc,” the taxi driver said.
“Right.”

“You got some good stuff.”

This


(12) the pitcher, after the previous night’s disastrous

performance.
“I think there are some things you s
hould
think about
(13),”
the
driver continued.
”
I don
’
t know; I
’
m not a
(14).
Maybe
something
like going over your head in your windup (
摆臂动作
)”

Wait, what? This guy
was
offering…

(15)? Earlier in his career,
LeBlanc might have


(16). Or been angry. But today, he just
“Expert advisers often make surprisingly inaccurate predictions about the
future, yet people
(27) their s
uggestions nevertheless,”
concluded
Stanford University psychologists in a study published last year.
Now, not everyone took experts’ advice.
The more


(28)
people become, the smaller the pool of advisers they

(29).
Participants
in
positions
of
power
ignored
almost
two
thirds
of
the
advice
they
received,
according to one Harvard University study. Other participants
—
the control and
low power groups
—
ignored advice about half as often. So it required a massive
increase of modesty (
谦虚
) to do what Wade LeBlanc did: hear what the taxi
driver was offering him and accept it as a(an)
(30).
11.
A. excellent
B. struggling
C. ambitious
D. awkward
12.
A. surprised
B. concerned
C. disturbed
D. angered
13.
A. avoiding
B. making
C. trying
D. crossing
14.
A. player
B. director
C. joker
D. loser
15.
A. service
B. advice
C. chances
D. courses
16.
A. accepted
B. worried
C. smiled
D. laughed
17.
A. explained
B. interrupted
C. listened
D. guessed


(17).
He couldn’t afford to dismiss anything. His career was on the line.

The next day, in Tucson, LeBlanc met his
(18). He said he was thinking about making
(19) to his
windup. His coach agreed. Instead of keeping his hands tight to his chest at the beginning of his delivery, LeBlanc
raised them briefly over his head, as the taxi driver had

(20).
LeBlanc included the new
(21) into his next start. And he was


(22), allowing only one hit over seven innings (
回

合

). It was the turning point in his career. Eight years
later,
LeBlanc
is
a
pitcher
for
the
Seattle
Mariners.
He
signed
the
first
contract
extension
of
his
Major
League
Baseball career
—
at age 33.
The funny thing about advice: We so often take it from the
(23) people. That is, we
(24) the advice of
experts, while undervaluing the input of regular folk. Wade LeBlanc
(25)
that
trend,
and
he
obtained
the

(26).
18.
A. parents
19.
A. changes
B. coach
B. contributions
C. driver
C. additions
D. fans
D. objectives
20.
A. included
21. A. aim
22. A. patient
23. A. attractive
24. A. overvalue
25. A. identified
26. A. qualifications
27. A. follow
28. A. literary
29. A. tolerate
30. A. job
B. announced
B. effect
B. optimistic
B. popular
B. skip
B. supported
B. benefits
B. abandon
B. successful
B. help
B. example
C. suggested
C. hobby
C. brilliant
C. humble
C. ignore
C. opposed
C. prize
C. provide
C. careful
C. know
C. excuse
D. resisted
D. move
D. justified
D. wrong
D. involve
D. started
D. degree
D. improve
D. negative
D. trust
D. gift
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，
40
分）


A
eight recipes each week, so there
isn’t
a lot of flexibility for different dietary needs,
but the recipes are full of flavor and give subscribers generous portions. If you’re
looking for an affordable way to get into meal kits, EveryPlate is a good
option.
Which meal kit service is right for you?
As the simple act of shopping and preparing food for dinner becomes harder to fit in, a way to help meet consumer needs and change the way we shop and eat
has grown: meal-delivery plans.
Here’s
a quick review of some popular options:
1. HelloFresh

HelloFresh
provides
high-quality
ingredients
（
烹
饪
原
料
）

and
generous

portions
（份量）
, with recipes that are generally easy to prepare. The clear, step-
by-step instructions get even the newest home chefs up to speed, and the
r
ecipe cards are well-made, so you can refer to your favorite recipes again and again.
There are meals for almost any lifestyle, including vegetarian
（素食）
options, low-
calorie meals and “quick” recipes that get dinner on the table fast.

Cost: $$8.75 to $$9.99 per serving, with up to 16 servings per week.
2. Freshly
Get fresh, home-cooked food without the trouble of actually cooking. This subscription service delivers comfort foods to your doorstep, and the meals are prepared
right before delivery. Never frozen and only requiring minimal
reheating, they’re nutritious
and cost less than many standard takeout options.
Cost: $$7.99 to $$11.50 per serving, with up to 12 servings per week.
3. Blue Apron
Blue Apron is full of fresh ingredients, with traditional or vegetarian options. Like many of the plans, the food is delivered in one big box and the recipe card is
separate from the meal ingredients. The variety is good and the recipes are generally easy to prepare.
Cost: $$7.49 to $$9.99 per serving, with up to 16 servings per week.
4. EveryPlate
EveryPlate offers simpler meals for a lower cost. Users can choose between
Cost: $$4.99 per serving, with up to 12 servings per week.
5. Daily Harvest
Daily Harvest specializes in delicious smoothies. The meals are packed with fruits and vegetables, making nutrition easy and tasty. Smoothies just require the
addition of liquid, so feel free to add your favorite type of milk or water to the blend and get your day started.
Cost: $$6.99 per serving, with between 9 and 26 servings available.

31. Which meal kit service is right for a vegetarian?
A. Daily Harvest and EveryPlate.
B. HelloFresh and Blue Apron.
C. EveryPlate and Freshly.
D. HelloFresh and Freshly.

32. Each meal-delivery plan is available with
.
A. fruits and vegetables
B. unlimited servings
C. easy preparation
D. separate recipes

33. The meal-delivery plans meet the customer needs of
.
A. living an environmentally friendly life
B. cutting down on daily food costs
C. adapting to a new lifestyle
D. improving cooking skills
4
B
Kylie Kirkpatrick was getting ready for work when her 9-year old son, Ryan
Kyote, burst into her bedroom. The Napa, California-based third-grader had just
watched a news story about a kindergarten student in Indiana who was forced to
return her school lunch because her account balance couldn't cover the meal.

“He
said, 'Mom, how does
something like this happen?' Then he asked what he could do to help.
After a bit of brainstorming, Kyote-
pronounced “coyote
-decided he would
use six months' worth of allowance he had saved up to pay off the lunch debt of
his entire class at West Park Elementary School. The bill came up to S74.50.
Though Kyote had been eyeballing a new pair of basketball sneakers, this
was far more important to him. So, on May 24, he happily donated his six months
of savings to the Napa Valley Unified School District food services department.

money,
heart to think that it's a stressful time for some children.
The fourth-grader-to-be wanted his act of kindness to be unknown to others,
but his proud mother couldn't resist sharing a photo on Twitter, where it spread
quickly.

class with his allowance,
Special kid.
Practicing good deeds is nothing new for Kyote.
Ryan's bike is missing because he gave it to a friend in need,
language
interpreter, told TODAY parents.
time, a
friend
didn't have any
shoes that fit, so Ryan gave him a pair of his own shoes.
Recently, an investor got wind of what Kyote had done for his classmates and
he contacted Kirkpatrick.
“He
wanted to give Ryan money to put in his savings
5
account,
Kyote, who recently lost his father to ALS, had another idea.

told
the
man
to
pay
it
forward,
Kirkpatrick
said.

he
made
a
donation to the ALS Association. I can't even begin to tell you what that meant to
Ryan. All he wants is to make the world a better place.

34. How did Ryan feel after watching the news story, about a kindergarten student?
A. Shocked.
B. Relieved.
C. Excited.
D. Bored.

35.
Instead of buying a new pair of sneakers, Ryan was more concerned
about
.
A. his school lunch
B. his account balance
C. his six months of savings
D.
his classmates’ lunch
debt

36. What do we know about Ryan Kyote from the passage?
A. He tried his best to help his friends in need.
B. He couldn't resist sharing his photos on Twitter
C. He accepted a donation from the ALS
Association.
D. He argued against negative reviews on social media.

37. What does the story intend to tell us?
A. Life is always tough for school children.
B.A kid can make a difference in the world.
C. Social media can make young people popular.
D. Friendship is an important part of being a youth.

B
actually speak English, he says.
A crucial period for learning the rules and structure of a language lasts up to around age 17 or 18, say psychologist Joshua Hartshorne of MIT and his colleagues.
Previous research had suggested that grammar-learning ability developed in early childhood before hitting a dead end around age 5. However,
Hartshorne’s team
reports online in Cognition that people who started learning English as a second language in an English-speaking country by age 10 to 12 ultimately mastered the new
tongue as well as folks who had learned English and another language at the same time from birth. Both groups,
however, fell somewhat short of the grammatical
fluency displayed by English-only speakers. After ages 10 to 12, new-to-English learners reached lower levels of fluency than those who started learning English at
younger ages because time ran out when their grammar- absorbing ability fell starting around age 17.
Aiming for a sample of tens of thousands of volunteers, Hartshorne began by contacting friends on Facebook to take an online English grammar quiz, which used a
person’s
responses to guess his or her native language and dialect (
方言
) of English. Then volunteers filled out a questionnaire asking where they had lived, languages
they had spoken from birth, the age at which they began learning English and the number of years they had lived in an English- speaking country.
In
the
end, the
researchers analyzed responses
of 669,498 native
and
nonnative English speakers. Statistical calculations focused on estimating at what ages
people with varying amounts of experience peaking English reached peak grammar ability.
Researchers
who
study
language
learning
regard
the
new
study
as
fascinating,
but
exploratory.
According
to
psycholinguist
David
Barner
of
the
University of
California, San Diego,
Hartshorne’s
team
can’t
yet say that language skill develops along a single timeline. Different elements of grammar, such as using correct word
order or subjects and verbs that agree with one another, might be learned at different rates, Barner says.
It’s
also unclear whether the responses of volunteers to an
online, 132-item grammar test reflect how well of poorly they