博物馆英文2015年上海市大同中学开学考试 高三英语试卷

2021年1月20日发(作者：嫖宿)
大同中学
2015
年高三英语摸底测试试卷

（时间
90
分钟，满分
100
分，

共
12
页）

I
．
Vocabulary (21%)
Directions:
Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. Note that there is one word / phrase
more than you need.
(A)
A. deal










B. advocate






C. enduring
AB. separate
AC. budget
D. experimentation
AD. fake






BC. interpret



1. ________ accommodations start at around US $$17, and can go all the way to US $$ 300 per
person at prime resorts like Discovery Shores.
2.
With
more
than
a
century
of
________,
Chinese
water
colour
painting
has
flourish
and
gradually formed its own characteristics.
3. Consider setting a ________, personal email account to use with social media sites, rather
than using your work, or even your main personal email.
4. Eventually Walt Disney Picture signed a ________ with Studio Ghibli in order to introduce
Miyazaki
’
s film to Western audiences.
5.
Here
are
some
of
the
more
common
and
________
superstitions
among
those
in
the
theatrical profession.
6. It appears white and gold to some people due to a phenomenon called color constancy and
the way that our brains ________ colors.
7.
That
same
year,
she
was
appointed
as
a
UN
Women
Goodwill
Ambassador
and
helped
launch the UN Women
’
s campaign HE For She, which calls for men to ________ gender
equality.

(B)
A. marvel

AB. register

8.
His
animation
style
is
extremely
________
and
realistic,
as
he
makes
sure
to
highlight
details like the sparkling reflection of sun on water.
9.
This
is
the
third
year
in
a
row
the
rivals
had
met
in
Melbourne,
with
the
previous
two
________ needing five sets to decide a winner.
10. Even people born with a silver spoon in their mouth still think twice before risking only
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第
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B. significantly


AC. motivate
C. fortune


AD. encounters
D. founders
BC. delicate
part of their ________ on business investments.
11. When you are filling in forms online, for example to ________ with a website or sign up
for a newsletter, always provide the minimum information possible.
12. Researchers at Rush University in Chicago, have developed the MIND diet, which their
recent study suggests could ________ reduce the risk of Alzheimer
’
s disease.
13.
Besides,
he
was
one
of
the
________
of
an
organization,
which
was
inspired
by
his
“
gangster attitude
”
towards gardening.
14. Thousands of tourists from across Italy and the world crowd the city
’
s canals, bridges, and
squares every year to ________ at the colourful display of masks and costumes.

(C)
A. keep to





AB. live up to

nmental
campaigners
are
also
pleased,
but
fear
that
it
could
________
to
be
an
empty promise.
16. First, ________ a percentage of resources (both people and dollars) for innovation, and
ring a fence around these resource.
17. So long as you ________ the principle of equality and mutual benefit, trade between the
two countries will further develop.
18.
The
Foreign
Minster
then
hosted
a
lunch
________
the
Secretary-
General,
where
the
discussion continued.
19. This tells your partner, ________ how upset you are with him or with her, you still want
to be in relationship.
20. Nuland said the Syrian government has failed to ________ its obligations, including its
previous offers.
21. The experiment shows that women
’
s choice of partner may ________ what characteristics
they think faces show.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary(26%)
Section A
（
16%
）

Directions:

After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
B. regardless of



C. make sense


AC. turn out
AD. in honour of
D. result from
BC. set aside.
A
Taiwan police cannot decide whether to treat it as an extremely eleven act of stealing or
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第
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页


an even cleverer cheat. Either way, it could be the perfect crime, (22) ________ the criminals
are birds-horning pigeons.
The crime begins (23) ________ a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car: if you
want the car back, pay up. Then, the car owner (24) ________ (direct) to a park, told where to
find
a
bird
cage
and
how
to
attach
money
to
the
neck
of
the
pigeon
inside.
Carrying
the
money in a tiny bag, the pigeon flies off.
There have been at least four such pigeon pick-ups in Changwa. (25) ________ at first
seemed like the work of a clever stay-at-home car thief, however, may in face be the work of
an
even
lazier
and
more
inventive
criminal
mind---
(26)
________
that
avoid
not
only
colleting money but going out to steal the car in the first place. Police officer Chen says that
the criminal probably has pulled a double trick: he gets money for things he cannot possibly
return. Instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car- owner (27)
________ (place) an ad. in the newspaper asking for help.
The
theory
is
supported
by
the
fact
that,
so
far,
none
of
the
stolen
cars
(28)
________(return).
Also,
the
amount
of
money
demanded-under
3,000
Taiwanese
dollars
-seems too little for a car worth many times more .
Demands
for
pigeon- delivered
money
stopped
(29)
________

________

________
the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching
the criminal.
“
We have more important things to do,
“
he said.

B
When Babbage was working at Cambridge, a new idea occurred to him. He wanted
to
construct a (30) ________ (calculate) machine to work out the solutions to maths problems
not only with correctness but also with a speed beyond the power of any human mind. His
machine
could
solve
problems
(31)
________
(involve)
long
rows
of
figures
in
one
continuous operation.

In 1822 Babbage
exhibited his
invention and
won a prize
from the
government. After
that, he immediately started to work on a (32) ________ (large) machine designed to solve
more difficult problems. Although he received some money left by his father, the money was
not enough to support his design. He wrote to the government about his plan and was given
￡
2500 to start with, a sum worth much more in those days (33) ________ it is now.

Babbage continued his work in London for four years. Then his health broke down, and
he had to take a long holiday abroad. When he returned to London in 1828, he was at the end
of
his
resources.
Many
bills
(34)
________
(remain)
unpaid.
His
chief
assistant
and
co-workers quarreled with him and left with many expensive tools. For one year no work was
done. During this period, Babbage, (35) ________ mind was always active, suddenly thought
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第
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of
a
completely
new
idea
for
the
machine.
He
rushed
to
meet
the
government
officials
to
explain his
new idea. But this
time,
they were unwilling to help him. For eight years, they
refused
to
say
(36)
________
they
wanted
the
machine
or
not,
and
their
final
answer
was
“
No.
”


From
1828
to
1839,
Babbage
held
the
position
of
professor
at
Cambridge
very
successfully. But his greatest work was the unfinished calculating machine which stood (37)
________ (cover) in dust in his house. It was the beginning of the modern computer.


Section B
（
10%
）

Directions:

Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can
only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.

combed


AB. undergoing
BD. identified
B. data
AC. analysis
ABC. Representative
C. reshaping
D. thorough


AD. event








BC. recorded

BCD. superior






A detailed survey of birds and butterflies in Britain shows a population decline of 54% to
71%, a finding that suggests the world may be ____38____ another major extinction.




In a series of population surveys that ____39____ virtually every square yard of England,
Scotland and Wales over 40 years, more than 20,000 volunteers counted each bird, butterfly
and
native
plant
they
could
find.
An
____40____
of
the
findings
appears
this
week
in
the
journal Science.
The results showed that populations of the surveyed species are in sharp decline throughout
England, Wales and Scotland, with some species gone altogether.




“
Population
extinctions
were
____41____
in
all
the
main
ecosystems
of
Britain,
”

the
authors report in Science. They suggested that the finding strengthens the hypothesis shared
by
many
scientists
that
“
the
biological
world
is
approaching
the
sixth
major
extinction
____42____ its history.
”





Scott
Miller,
a
biologist
with
the
Smithsonian
’
s
National
Museum
of
Natural
History,
said the British study was impressive and powerful because it was so ____43____.




“
The
United
Kingdom
has
a
monitoring
system
(for
birds,
plants
and
wildlife)
that
is
unmatched,
”
Miller said.
“
They may not be ____44____

of the world as a whole, but they
have the best data.
”





He
said
the
____45____
supports
the
idea
that
the
rise
of
humans
over
the
tens
of
thousands of years along with climate changes are bringing on an extinction of many species
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and ____46____ the natural world in ways that aren
’
t thoroughly understood.
Scientists have ____47____ five extinction events in Earth
’
s history, with some so severe
that more than 90% of all life forms were killed off.


III. Reading Comprehension
（
38%
）

Section A Cloze (15%)
Directions:

For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked
A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.


Every year the United Sates exports
“
cultural products
”
to the rest of the world while it
only imports similar products from other countries equal to about one percent of the amount
exported. Movies, for example,
are
one
such ____48____. The
movie industry in countries
like England and Italy is almost completely ____49____ on American exports. Both countries
report that 85% to 95% of all movie tickets
sold each year are for movies produced in the
United States. Millions of people worldwide buy American pop, rap, and rock music. Billions
of people drink Coca-Cola and eat McDonald
’
s hamburgers. American software ____50____
the computer market.
Can all of the above products be called
“
cultural
”
, however? That depends on how one
____51____
culture.
Most
people
____52____
culture
into
two
forms:
“
high
”

culture
and
“
low
”

culture.
High
culture
is
the
kind
produced
by
writers
and
____53____.
It
is
more
concerned
with
stimulating
thought
in
the
people
who
view
or
use
it
and
does
not
____54____
care
how
marketable
people
find
it
Low
culture,
____55____.
is
viewed
as
a
product
usually
for
entertainment
and
is
only
as
good
as
how
well
it
sells.
Because
it
is
____56____ by masses of people, this type of culture can also be called
“
mass culture
”
. The
____57____ between low and high culture are not very clear.
Pierre Guerlain, a professor of English and American Studies in France, points out that
when
a
cultural
product
is
imported,
the
product
cannot
cover
the
existing
culture,
thus
____58____ it. The imported product is changed to adapt to the local context. Anyone who
believes
that
a
society
which
imports
American
products
of
mass
culture
will
become
a
____59____ of America is being naive(
幼稚的
).
America may seem to have the strongest hand in exporting cultural products, but there is
a
boomerang(
相反的
)
____60____
for
being
more
of
an
exporter
than
importer.
Because
Europeans and Japanese import so many cultural products from the United States, they know
a
lot
more
about
American
culture
____61____
than
Americans
know
about
European
or
Japanese culture. It is a definite advantage for the Europeans and Japanese to be bilingual as
well
as
bicultural.
These
countries
can
use
their
knowledge
of
American
society
and
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第
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____62____ to increase their chances of success in the American market


48. A. aspect



49. A. fixed



50. A. dominates

51. A. defines

52. A. prefer



53. A. designers
54.
55. A. as a result

56. A. consumed

57. A. connections

58. A. overcoming

59. A. source





60. A. effect





61. A. in particular

comprehensively



B. product


C. example


C. called

C. enters

C. absorbs
C. alter


C. composers

C. necessarily

C. on the average
C. invested



C. ranges

C. attracting

C. copy





C. disadvantage

C. in contrast

C. policies







D. project

D. dependent

D. grasps

D. creates

D. view

D. artists
D. representatively
D. on the other hand

D. sponsored

D. advantages

D. replacing
D. target

D. idea

D. in the meantime

D. characteristics
B. emphasized

B. abandons


B. presents


B. divide





B. technicians

A.
B. temporarily
B. as a whole
B. produced

B. distinctions

B. accepting

B. supplier

B. feedback

B. in general

B. economy

62. A. values











Section B (15%)
Directions:

Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just
read.

(A)
While Jennifer was at house taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor
（监控器）
a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.
Using
a
web
camera
equipped
in
Jennifer
’
s
Los
Angeles
apartment,
the
monitor
in
Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for
the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to
prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she
said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or
was she slowing down?
In the battle against cheating, this is the
cutting edge
and a key to encourage honesty in
the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the
institution
and
to
online
education
in
general.
Only
with
solid
measures
against
cheating,
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