ukrainian-allay
2017
年
6
月大学英语六级考试真题
(
第
1
套
)
Part
Ⅰ
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions:
Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university,
write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least
150
words but no more
than
200
words.
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Part
Ⅱ
Listening Comprehension
(30 minutes)
1
Section A
Directions :
In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will
hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and
D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 1
with a single line through the
centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1.
A) He would feel insulted.
B) He would feel very sad.
C) He would be embarrassed.
D) He would be disappointed.
2.
A) They are worthy of a prize.
B) They are of little value.
C)
They make good reading.
D) They need improvement.
3.
A) He seldom writes a book straight through.
B)
He writes several books simultaneously.
C)
He draws on his real-life experiences.
D)
He often turns to his wife for help.
4.
A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match.
B)
Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.
C)
He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.
D)
Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5.
A)
A
chievements of black male athletes in college.
B)
Financial assistance to black athletes in
college.
C)
High college dropout rates among black athletes.
D)
Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.
6.
A) They display great talent in every kind of
game.
B)
They are better at sports than at academic work.
C)
They have difficulty finding money to complete their
studies.
D)
They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.
7.
A) About 15%.
B) Around 40%.
C)
Slightly over 50%.
D) Approximately 70%.
8.
A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.
B)
College degrees do not count much to them.
C)
They have little interest in academic work.
D)
Schools do not deem it a serious problem.
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or
four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9.
A) Marketing strategies.
C) Shopping malls.
10.
A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.
B)
About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.
C)
About 136 million.
D)
About 183.8 million.
11.
A) They have fewer customers.
B)
They find it hard to survive.
C)
They are thriving once more.
D)
They appeal to elderly customers.
12.
A) Better quality of consumer goods.
B)
Higher employment and wages.
C)
Greater varieties of commodities.
2
B) Holiday shopping.
D) Online stores.
D)
People having more leisure time.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13.
A) They are new species of big insects.
B)
They are overprescribed antibiotics.
C)
They are life-threatening diseases.
D)
They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
14.
A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.
B)
Many infections are no longer curable.
C)
Large amounts of tax money are wasted.
D)
Routine operations have become complex.
15.
A) Facilities.
B)
Expertise.
C)
Money.
D)
Publicity.
Section C
Directions:
In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four
questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16.
A) It is accessible only to the talented.
B)
It improves students’ ability to
t
hink.
C)
It starts a lifelong learning process.
D)
It gives birth to many eminent scholars.
17.
A) They encourage academic democracy.
B)
They promote globalization.
C)
They uphold the presidents’
authority.
D)
They protect students’
rights.
18.
A) His thirst for knowledge.
B) His eagerness to find a job.
C) His contempt for authority.
D) His potential for leadership.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19.
A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.
B)
People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.
C)
Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.
D)
People tend to underestimate their mental powers.
20.
A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.
B)
They include more or less the same number of states.
C)
They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.
D)
They contain names of the most familiar states.
21.
A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.
B)
Having a good sleep the night before.
C)
Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place.
D)
Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.
22.
A) Discover when you can learn best.
B) Change your time of study daily.
B)
Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.
D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
23.
A) He is a politician.
B) He is a businessman.
C)
He is a sociologist.
D) He is an economist.
24.
A) In slums.
B)
In Africa.
C)
In pre-industrial societies.
D)
In developing countries.
25.
A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.
3
B)
Their income is less than 50% of the national average family
income.
C)
They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.
D)
Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.
Part III
Reading Comprehension
(40 minutes)
Section A
Directions:
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each
blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on
Answer Sheet 2
with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Let
’
s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can
’
t seem to
keep their inner monologues(
独
白
) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain 26 better and
show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.
According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to 27 mental pictures helps
people function quicker.
In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked them to find
just one of those, a banana. Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half
kept their lips 30 . Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn
’
t
，
the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common
product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed
no advantage and slowed you down.
Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although
doing so when you’ve
32 matured is not a great sign of 33 . The two professors hope to refute that idea,
34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not
just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.
Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the
information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35
, there’s still such a thing as too much
information.
A)
Apparently
I)
Obscurely
B)
Arrogance
J)
Sealed
C)
Brilliance
K)
spectators
D)
Claiming
L)
Trigger
E)
Dedicated
M)
Uttering
F)
Focused
N)
Volume
G)
Incur
O)
Volunteers
H)
Instructed
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than
paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the questions by marking the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 2.
Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently
[A]
The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.
[B]
Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after- school
4
programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lot
of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.
[C]
In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family.
They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren’t great for raising children,
and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.
[D]
The class differences in child rearing are growing
—
a symptom of widening inequality with
far-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen
socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up
learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (
阶层
), but not necessarily others.
[E]
“Early
childhood experiences can be very consequential for chil
dren’s
long-term social, emotional
and cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in education at
Stanford University. “And because those influence educational success and later earnings, early childhood
experiences cast
a lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources
to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower
earnings.
[F]
American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found:
for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting
style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job
at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher- income parents see
their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research
on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to
develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question
authority figures and navigate elite
i
nstitutions.
[G]
Working- class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far
greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. There
are benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and
are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher-income children are more likely to declare
boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in
college and on the way to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from
higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and
workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.
[H]
“Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said. “Do some
strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions? Probably they do. Will parents be
damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt
i
t.”
[I]
Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low- income parents have less money to
spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school
events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a
nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $$75,000 a year, 84% say
their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62%
have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $$30,000, 59% of children have done
sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken arts
classes.
[J]
Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-earning, college-graduate
parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low- income,
less- educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-
off parents say their children’s schedules
are too hectic,
compared with 8% of poorer parents.
[K]
Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies
and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with a college degree say they do it every day,
compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than others
to read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool
or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques
vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children,
compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.
[L]
The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly,
parents’ attitudes toward education do
not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for
upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about the
ir children’s grades as long as
they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a
college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.
[M]
Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that
5
there is no such thing as too much involvement in a
child’s
education. Parents who are white, wealthy or
college- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances.
High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children.
While bullying is parents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low
-income parents worry their child
will get shot, compared with one-fifth of high-income parents. They are more worried about their children
being depressed or anxious.
[N]
In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $$30,000 and $$75,000 a year fell right
between working- class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising
children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their
children’
s education.
[O]
Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high-
and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier,
according to Mr.
Reardon’ s research. People used to live near people of different income levels;
neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in single-parent
households
—
a historic high, according to Pew
一
and these children are three times as likely to live in
poverty as those who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with
the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class
w
age.
[P]
Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even as
income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children
and going to libraries, have narrowed.
[Q]
Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and
reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next
generation.
36.
Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.
37.
American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despite
different ways of parenting.
38.
While rich parents are more concerned with their
children’s
psychological well-being, poor parents
are more worried about their children’s
safety.
39.
The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social
inequality.
40.
Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both have
a
dvantages.
41.
Higher-income families and working-class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods.
42.
Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.
43.
Ms. Lareau
doesn’t
believe participating in fewer after-class activities will negatively affect
children’s
development.
44.
Wealthy
parents are concerned about their children’s mental health and busy
schedules.
45.
Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the
p
ast ten years.
Section C
Directions:
There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide
on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2
with a single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not
outsource
(
外包
) management of their facilities to
a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing
Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facilities
management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings
—
which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities —
were part of the decision not to move forward with Govern
or Bill Haslam’s proposal to privatize management
of state buildings in an effort to save money.
“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might
suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very
efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing
initiative.”
Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s plan, saying it would mean some campus workers woul
d
lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan,
6
which has not been finalized.
Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That
letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The
Commercial Appeal in Memphis.
In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the
possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the
data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state
departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials
deliberate the specifics of
an outsourcing plan.
“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business
justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February,” Martin
said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”
Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one
of Haslam’s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morg
an said last week that he would retire at the end
of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and
create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization
“unworkable”.
46.
What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?
A)
It is backed by a campus spending analysis.
B)
It has been flatly rejected by the
governor.
C)
It has neglected their
faculty’s
demands.
D )It will improve their financial situation.
47.
What does the campus spending analysis reveal?
A)
Private companies play a big role in campus management.
B)
Facilities management by colleges is more
c
ost- effective.
C)
Facilities management has greatly improved in recent
years.
D)
Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial
a
ffairs.
48.
Workers’
supporters argue that Bill
Haslam’s
proposal would
.
A)
deprive colleges of the right to manage their
facilities
B)
make workers less motivated in performing duties
C)
render a number of campus workers jobless
D)
lead to the privatization of campus
facilities
49.
What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s
d
ecision?
A)
The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.
B)
The outsourcing plan will be implemented.
C)
The state officials are confident about the outsourcing
plan.
D)
The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing
plan.
50.
Why did John Morgan decide to resign?
A)
He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.
B)
He disagreed with the governor on higher education
policies.
C)
He thought the
state’s
outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.
D)
He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the college board
system.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris,
Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as
the culmination
(
终极
) of their classical education. Thus was born
the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also
Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly
throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class
—
the same that produced gentlemen scientists,
authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.
The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature
as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann
Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture;
he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most
Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied
by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an
7
understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.
London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many
traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece,
or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson
s
poke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing
a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the
greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is
filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus
was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to eve
ry Grand Tourist. Panini’s
Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman
statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in
Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by
gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and
Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic
pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and
the evocative
(
唤
起
回
忆
的
) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.
51.
What is said about the Grand Tour?
A)
It was fashionable among young people of the time.
B)
It was unaffordable for ordinary people.
C)
It produced some famous European artists.
D)
It made a compulsory part of college education.
52.
What did Grand Tourists have in common?
A)
They had much geographic knowledge.
B)
They were courageous and venturesome.
C)
They were versed in literature and interested in art.
D)
They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.
53.
How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?
A)
They found inspiration in the
world’s
greatest masterpieces.
B)
They got a better understanding of early human
civilization.
C)
They developed an interest in the origin of modem art
forms.
D)
They gained some knowledge of classical art and
architecture.
54.
Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?
A)
They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.
B)
Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century.
C)
They found the antiques there more valuable.
D)
Private collections were of greater variety.
55.
How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?
A)
There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.
B)
Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.
C)Aristocrats
，
country houses all had Roman-style gardens.
D) Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.
Part IV
Translation
(30 minutes)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on
Answer Sheet 2.
唐朝始于
618
年，终于
907
年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。经过 近三百年的发展，唐代中国成
为世界上最繁荣的强国，其首都长安是当时世界上最大的都市。这一时期， 经济发达、商业繁荣、社会
秩序稳定，甚至边境也对外开放。随着城市化和财富的增加，艺术和文学也繁 荣起来。李白和
杜甫是
8
以作品简洁自然而著称的诗人。他们的诗歌打动了学者和普通人的心。即使在今天，他们的
许多诗歌
仍广为儿童及成人阅读背诵。
___________ __________________________________________________ ____________________
____________________ __________________________________________________ ___________
_____________________________ __________________________________________________ __
_____________________________________ ____________________________________________
2017
年
6
月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解
(
第
1
套
)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:
Suppose
you
are
asked
to
give
advice
on
whether
to
attend
a
vocational
college
or
a
university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more
than 200 words.
【参考范文】
Whether to Attend a Vocational College or a University?
It’s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encounter the choices between a
vocational college and a university. And when it comes to this question, students’ ideas are not cut from the
same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, my advices are as follow.
In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own
superiorities. For instance, a vocational college specializes in cultivating human resources with practical
capabilities; while a university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does
follow that high school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should
know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their strengths whilst circumvent
weaknesses. In addition, interest is the best teacher and it’s also the premise of learning on one’s own
initiative. Thus interest must be taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach
academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.
In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question.
The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self- positioning and the interest of oneself. Only then can every
one find a right path that works best for us.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section
A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you
will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the
four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single
line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1.
A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.
9
C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.
【答案】
A
【解析】题目问如果男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉怎样。男士说到：
如果他在二手书店发现了自己的书，他会认为这是种侮辱。因此选
A
。
2.
A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.
C) They make good reading. D) They need improvement.
【答案】
B
【解析】题目问男士的妻子认为他的书怎么样。男士说到：他最新的一本书是在
2004
年写的，
当时在写的时候给他妻子看了一小部分。妻子认为他写的内容是垃圾。这表 明他的妻子认为他写的
书毫无价值。因此选
B
。
3.
A) He seldom writes a book straight through.
B)
He writes several books simultaneously.
C)
He draws on his real-life experiences.
D)
He often turns to his wife for help.
【答案】
A
【解析】题目问当男士在写作的时候，他通常会做什么。在对话中，女士 问男士他那本《被
埋葬的巨人》
为什么被搁置了那么久，显然是过了十年才把这本书 写好。男士回答：他写书通常都是写写停停，
写到一半就会搁置几年时间再继续写。男士的言外之意是， 他很少会一口气把
一本书写完。因此选
A
。
4.
A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match.
B)
Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.
C)
He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.
D)
Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
【答案】
D
【解析】题目问男士提到足球比赛是想表达什么。男士在 最后说到，足球运动员在结束的哨
声吹响的时候，就意味着比赛已经结束了。但是对于作家来说，永远都 没有结束的哨声这一说。因
此选
D
。
5.
A) Achievements of black male athletes in college.
B)
Financial assistance to black athletes in college.
C)
High college dropout rates among black athletes.
D)
Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.
【答案】
C
【 解析】题目问这两个讲话者在谈论什么。女士在一开始就引出主题：一份研究表明，在大学
中黑人运动员 的辍学率特别高。因此选
C
。
6.
A) They display great talent in every kind of game.
B)
They are better at sports than at academic work.
C)
They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.
D)
They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.
【答案】
D
10
【解析】题目问这份研究对黑人男性运动员有 什么新的发现。男士说到：他们是以给学校创
造收入的工薪阶层的身份存在的，而不是以受教育的学生的 身份存在的。就是说，黑人男性运动员
只是学校的挣钱工具，而学校并没有给他们太多接受学术教育的机 会。因此选
D
。
7.
A) About 15%. B) Around 40%.
C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.
【答案】
C
【解析】题目问黑人男性运动员的毕业率是多少。女士回答：在
65
所学校中只有勉强一半多一点儿的黑人能毕业。因此选
C
。
8.
A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.
B)
College degrees do not count much to them.
C)
They have little interest in academic work.
D)
Schools do not deem it a serious problem.
【答案】
A
【解析】题目问根据男士可知，黑人运动员没能取得大学学位的原因是什么。男士在最后说到：
所有的动机不是要赢得比赛就是不能输掉比赛。教练缺乏让他们毕业的动力。因此选
A
。
Section B
Directions:
In
this
section,
you
will
hear
two
passages.
At
the
end
of
each
passage,
you
will
hear
three
or
four
questions.
Both
the
passage
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9.
A) Marketing strategies. B) Holiday shopping.
C) Shopping malls. D) Online stores.
【答案】
B
holiday
season
starts
on
Black
Friday...
It
is
the
busiest
shopping
day
year
”
，因此，不难推断出该篇听力的主题是关于
holiday shopping
，因此本题选
B
。
10.
A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.
B)
About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.
C)
About 136 million.
D)
About 183.8 million.
【答案】
D
【解析】题目问说话者主要说了什么。听力材料一开始就提到
“America’s
shopping
of
the
【解析】题目问有多少人会在网络星期一那天购物。听力篇章中提及，
“
About 183.8 million
people will shop on Cyber Monday
”
，就不难选出本题答案
D
。
11.
A) They have fewer customers.
B)
They find it hard to survive.
C)
They are thriving once more.
D)
They appeal to elderly customers.
【答案】
C
【解析】题目问关于传统购物中心，《财富》是怎么说的。听力篇章中提 及
“
Fortune says the
weakest of the malls have closed. The sector is thriving again
”
，由此可知，本题答案选
11
C
。
12.
A) Better quality of consumer goods.
B)
Higher employment and wages.
C)
Greater varieties of commodities.
D)
People having more leisure time.
【答案】
B
【解析】题目是问购物者数量增加的原因是什么。篇章中提到，
“…
lower unemployment and
rising wages could give Americans more money to spend
”
，其中
B
选项与这句话完全符合，
lower
unemployment
即
higher employment
，故本题选
B
。
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13.
A) They are new species of big insects.
B)They are overprescribed antibiotics.
C)They are life-threatening diseases. D)They are
antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
【答案】
D
【解析】题目问关于超级细菌我们知道什么。篇章中提及，
“
you may have heard about the new
superbugs
which
are
antibiotic-resistant
bacteria
that
have
developed
as
a
result
of
overprescribed
antibiotics.
其中
D
选项与这句话完全符合。
14.
A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.
B)Many infections are no longer curable. C)Large
amounts
of
tax
money
are
wasted.
D)Routine
operations have become complex.
【答案】
D
【解析】题目问抗生素用量过度的后果是什么。篇章中提到
“
seemingly routine operations... are
now much more hazardous...
”
，
D
选项与此相符合。
15.
A) Facilities.
B)Expertise.
C)Money.
D)Publicity.
【答案】
C
【解析】题目问，在说话者看来， 为应对严重威胁生命的传染病，什么是最迫切需要的。篇
章最后提及：面对严重威胁生命的传染病，却只 有
1.2%
的预算被用于研究上，这与所需的资金相差甚远。由此可知
C
选项正确。
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or
four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16.
A) It is accessible only to the talented.
B)
It improves students’ ability to think.
C)
It starts a lifelong learning process.
12
D)
It gives birth to many eminent scholars.
【答案】
B
【解析】题目问说话者是如何描述大学的。听力材料中提到
“
you are here to understand thinking
better and to think better your- self
”
，
B
选项与此相符合。
17.
A) They encourage academic democracy.
B)
They promote globalization.
C)
They uphold the presidents’
authority.
D)
They protect students’ rights.
【答案】
A
【解析】题目问关于大学，我们可以从说话者的故事中了解到什么。篇章中提到
“
But what was
really important about that was the universities stand out as places that really are about the authority of
ideas.
，由此可推断出大学鼓励思想交流，鼓励学术民主，
A
选项正确。
18.
A) His thirst for knowledge. B) His eagerness to find a job.
C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential for leadership.
【答案】
A
【解析】题目 是问说话者在挑战他论文的年轻人身上看到了什么。听力篇章中提及
“
a... you
couldn’t debate that young man’s hunger to learn”
，由此可判断选
A
。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19.
A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.
B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks. C)Most
people have a rather poor long-term memory.
D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.
【答案】
D
【解析】听力篇章一开始就提及，
“
Psychological research shows we consistently underestimate
our mental powers.
”
，这与
D
选项完全符合。
20.
A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.
B)They include more or less the same number of states. C)They are
exactly the same as is shown in the atlas. D)They contain names of
the most familiar states.
【答案】
B
【解析】听力材料中提到，
“
The two lists will contain roughly the same number of states but they will
not be identical
”
，由此可知本题答案为
B
选项。
21.
A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.
B)Having a good sleep the night before.
C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place. D)Making sensible
decisions while choosing your answers.
【答案】
C
【解析】题目问说话者对如何准备和参加考试有何建议。听力篇章中提及
“
If possible, you should
also try to learn information in the room where it is going to be tested
”
，这与
C
选项完全符合，故本题选
C
。
22.
A) Discover when you can learn best.
B) Change your time of study daily.
13
B) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.
D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.
【答案】
A
【解析】题目问关于学习，说话者给了我们什么建议。听力篇章中曾提及：
“
When you learn is
also important
”
，这表明，要找到最适合自己学习的时间，故
A
选项正确。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
23.
A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman.
C)He is a sociologist. D) He is an economist.
【答案】
C
【解析】题目是问说话者是做什么的。听力篇章中提及
“
It concerns not only us sociologists but
also economists, politicians and business people.
”
，答案为
C
选项。
24.
A) In slums.
B)
In Africa.
C)
In pre-industrial societies.
D)
In developing countries.
【答案】
D
【解析】题目是问说话者说在哪可以发
现极度贫穷的情况。听力篇章中提及：
“
Where
does
extreme poverty occur? Well, you can find it only in developing countries.
”
，因此本题答案选
D
。
25.
A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.
B)Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income. C)They work
extra hours to have their basic needs met.
D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.
【答案】
B
【解析】题目是问家庭相对贫穷的美国人是什么样的。听力篇章中提及：
“
in
the
United
States
a
family
can
be
considered
poor
if
their
income
is
less
than
50%
of
the
national
average
family
income.
”
，这与
B
选项完全符合。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section
A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for
each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through
carefully
before making
your
choices.
Each choice
in
the
bank
is
identified
by a
letter.
Please mark
the
corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use
any of the words in the bank more than once.
Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to
keep their inner monologues(
独白
) in are actually more likely to stay
on task, remain 26 better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra
muttering.
According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues
to 27 mental pictures helps people function quicker.
In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked
them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they
were looking for and the other half kept their lips 30 . Those who talked to themselves found the banana
slightly faster than those who didn’t
，
the researchers say. In other
experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common product when on
the hunt for it helped quicken
someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and
14
slowed you down.
Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although
doing so when you’ve 32 matured is not a great sign of 33 . The
two professors hope to refute that idea, 34 that just as when kids walk themselves
through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help
“augment thinking”.
Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the
information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35 , there’ s still such a thing as too much
information.
26.
【解析】
F
。空格前的
remain
为系动词，因此空格处需要 填入一个形容词；根据前面的句意
“……
更有可能坚持做一件事
”
，可知
focused
最为符合，表示
“
保持全神贯注
”
，因此本题选
F
。
27.
【解析】
L
。根据空格前的
to
可判断空格处应填入动词原形， 根据句意，
“
使用口头提示来记忆图像
”
，可知选项
L
符合。
28.
【解析】
0
。空格前是量词
twenty
，因此空格处需填入一个名词复数；再由前边的
“
In one
experiment
”
可知这是一个实验，所以这里选择
volunteers
（志愿者）最为合适，故本题选
0
。
29.
【解析】
H
。空格前后分别为
be
动词
were
和介词
to
，因此空格处需要 填入一个动词的被动语态；根据句意，
“
一半人被
要大声地重复他们要找的东西，
”
可知
instructed
（通知，
指导）最为合适，因此本题答案选
H
。
30.
【解析】
J
。根据句子结构可判断空格处需要填入一个形容词。再由
the other half
对应的是前边的
Half
，
可知这里的情况和前边的不同，前边说
repeat out loud
（大声地重复），后边自然就是要表达
“
不说话
”
的意思，
keep one’s lips sealed
即
“
闭上嘴巴、不说话
”
的意思，故本题选
J
。
31.
【解析】
M
。空格前的
that
引导的是宾语从句，空格与后面的名词词组
the name of a common
product
共同充当宾语从句的主语，因此空格处应填入动词的
-ing
形式，根据句意可判断
uttering
更为合适，故本题选
M
。
32.
【解析】
A
。空格所在句是一个现在完成时态，空格前后组成谓语动词
have
matured
，因此空格处实际上并不缺成分，只可能填入一个副词来修饰动词
matured
，根据单词意思，这里应选
apparently
。
33.
【解析】
C
。根据空格前边的
a great sign of
可知，空格处缺少一个名词；再根据句意，
“
当你足够成熟时，自言自语并不能显示出你的
_
”
，可知这里填入
brilliance
更为合适。故本题选
C
。
34.
【解析】
D
。空格前边是一句完整的话，空格后是
that
从句，由此判断空格处
填入动词的
-ing
形式，作为前边句子的伴随状语，并引导后面的宾语从句；分析选项，动词的
-ing
形式只剩下
claiming
这一个词，故本题选
D
。
35.
【解析】
N
。空格处需要填入一个名词，与前边的
At any
构成介词词组；结合整篇文章的大意，此处填入
volume
最为合适，故本题选
N
。
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the
information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a
letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently
[A]
The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.
[B]
Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after- school
programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lot
of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.
[C]
In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family.
They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say
aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble
with the law.
15
[D]
The class differences in child rearing are growing
—
a symptom of widening inequality with far-
reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic
divisions, especially because education is strongly
linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (
阶层
),
but not necessarily others.
[E]
“Early
childhood
experiences
can
be
very
consequential
for
children’s
long
-term
social,
emotional and cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in education
at
Stanford
University.
“And
because
those
influence
educational
success
and
later
earnings,
early
childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow.” The cycle
continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children, which can leave
children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnings.
[F]
American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have
found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best
parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are
doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle- class and higher-
income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose
groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and
Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach
children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions.
[G]
Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far
greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. There
are benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and
are
closer
with
family
members,
Ms.
Lareau
found.
Higher-income
children
are
more
likely
to
declare
boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in
college
and
on
the way
to
the middle
class,
while
working-class
children
tend
to
struggle. Children
from
higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and
workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.
[H]
“Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said.
“Do
some
strategies
give
children
more
advantages
than
others
in
institutions?
Probably
they
do.
Will
parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt it.”
[I]
Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low- income parents have less money to
spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school
events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a
nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $$75,000 a year, 84% say
their children
have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62% have
taken
lessons
in music,
dance
or art. Of
families
earning
less
than
$$30,000, 59%
of
children have
done
sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken arts classes.
[J]
Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-earning, college-
graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low-
income, less- educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-
off parents say their children’s schedules are too
hectic, compared with 8% of poorer parents.
[K]
Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies
and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with a college degree say they do it every day,
compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than others to
read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool
or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques
vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children,
compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.
[L]
The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents’ attitudes toward education
do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education
for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children’s grades as
long as they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children
earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.
[M]
Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that
there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child’s education. Parents who are white, wealthy or
college- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances.
High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children.
16
While bullying is parents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low
-income parents worry their child will
get shot, compared with one-fifth of high- income parents. They are more worried about their children being
depressed or anxious.
[N]
In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $$30,000 and $$75,000 a year fell right
between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising
children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children’ s education.
[O]
Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high-
and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier,
according to Mr. Reardon’ s research. People used to live
near people of different income levels;
neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in single-parent
households
—
a historic high, according to Pew
一
and these children are three times as likely to live in
poverty as those
who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing
importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class wage.
[P]
Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even as
income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children
and going to libraries, have narrowed.
[Q]
Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and
reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next
generation.
36.
Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.
37.
American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despite
different ways of parenting.
38.
While rich parents are more concerned with their children’s psychological well
-being, poor
parents are more worried about their children’s safety.
39.
The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social
inequality.
40.
Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both have advantages.
41.
Higher- income families and working-class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods.
42.
Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.
43.
Ms. Lareau doesn’t believe participating in fewer after
-class activities will negatively affect
children’s development.
44.
Wealthy parents are concerned about their children’s mental health an
d busy schedules.
45.
Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years.
36.
【解析】
G
。根据题干中的关键词
working- class parents, respect to adults
可定位至
[G]
段。
37.
【解析】
F
。根据题干中的关键词
American parents
和
different ways of parenting
可定位至
[F]
段。
38.
【解析】
M
。根据题干中的关键词
psychological well-being
和
children's safety
可定位至
[M]
段。
39.
【解析】
D
。根据题干中的关键词
differences in child rearing
和
inequality
可定位至
[D]
段。
40.
【解析】
G
。根据题干中的关键词
proaches
和
approaches
可定位至
[G]
段。
41.
【解析】
O
。根据题干中的关键词
neighborhoods
可定位至
[0]
段。
42.
【解析】
K
。根椐题干中的关键
physical punishment
和
well-educated parents
可定位至
[K]
段。
43.
【解析】
H
。根据题干中的关键词
Ms. Lareau
和
fewer after-class activities
可定位至
[H]
段。
44.
【解析】
B
。根据题干中的关键词
mental health
和
busy schedules
可定位至
[B]
段。
45.
【解析】
P
。根据题干中的关键词
socioeconomic differences, shrunk
和
in the past ten
years
可定位至
[P]
段。
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),
C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.
Passage One
17
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(
外包
) management of their facilities
to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In
an
sent
Monday
to
college
presidents
in
the
Tennessee
Board
of
Regents
system,
outgoing
Chancellor
John
Morgan
said
an
internal
analysis
showed
t
hat
each
campus’
spending
on
facilities
management
fell
well
below
the
industry
standards
identified
by
the
state.
Morgan said
those
findings
—
which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities —
were
p
art
of
the
decision
not
to
move
forward
with
Governor
Bill
Haslam’s
proposal
to
privatize
management of state buildings in an effort to save money.
“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest
will
be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System
institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing
a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”
Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s pl
an, saying it would mean some campus workers would
lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan,
which has not been finalized.
Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That
letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The
Commercial Appeal in Memphis.
In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is exami
ning
the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze
the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state
departments will be part of a “busines
s
justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.
“The
state’s
facilities
management
project
team
is
still
in
the
process
of
developing
its
business
justification and expects to have that completed and avail
able to the public at the end of February,” Martin
said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on
since the analysis has yet to be completed.”
Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one
of
Haslam’s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end
of January because of the governor’s proposal to split
off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In
his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.
46.
What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?
A)
It is backed by a campus spending analysis.
B)
I
t has been flatly rejected by the governor. C)It has
neglected their faculty’s demands.
D)It will improve their financial situation.
【答案】
A
【解析】由题干中的关键词
decision
，
technical and community colleges, Tennessee
可定位至第一段。
A
选项中的
backed
与原文中的
bolstered
同义，因此选
A
。
47.
What does the campus spending analysis reveal?
A) Private companies play a big role in campus management.
B)Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective. C)Facilities management has
greatly improved in recent years. D)Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial
affairs.
【答案】
B
【解析】由题干中的关键词
campus spending analysis, reveal
可
以定位至原文的第二段。题干中的
reveal
对应原文中的
showed
。因此选
B
。
48.
Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would
18
.
A) deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilities B)make workers
less motivated in performing duties C)render a number of campus workers
jobless
D)lead to the privatization of campus facilities
【答案】
C
48.
【解析】由题干中的关键词
49.
What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s decision?
A) The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.
B)The outsourcing plan will be implemented.
C)The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan. D)The college
spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.
【答案】
A
49.
【解析】由题干中的关键词
spokeswoman
可定位至第六段。该段指出，发言人
Michelle R.
Martin
表示官员们还在分析评议委员会的数据。大学体系和其他州相关部门的管理费用数据将会是
< br>“
商业理由
”
的一部分，田纳西州会用此来研讨外包计划的细节。这说明，外包 计划还在讨论中，
尚未成定论，因此选
A
。
50.
Why did John Morgan decide to resign?
A) He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.
B)He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.
C)He thought the state’s outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable. D)He opposed the
governor’s plan to reconstruct the college
board system.
【答案】
D
【解析】由题干中的关键词
John
Morgan,
resign
可定位至最后一段。该段的最后一句指出，
在他的辞职信中 ，摩根表示这一重组计划
“
不切实际
”
。言外之意就是反对州长重组大学董事 会的
计划。因此选
D
。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Beginning
in
the
late
sixteenth
century,
it
became
fashionable
for
young
aristocrats
to
visit
Paris,
Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination(
终极
) of their classical education. Thus was born
the
idea
of
the Grand
Tour,
a
practice which
introduced
Englishmen,
Germans,
Scandinavians, and also
Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly
throughout the period,
possible only for a privileged class
—
the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts,
and patrons of the arts.
The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature
as
well
as
some
leisure
time,
some
means,
and
some
interest
in
art.
The
German
traveler
Johann
Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture;
he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most
Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer
periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to
return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by
exposure to great masterpieces.
London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many
traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece,
19
Workers’
supporters,
Bill
Haslam’s
proposal
可以定位至第四段。该段的第一句指出，工人拥护者已经批判了哈斯拉姆的 计划，他们表示这将意
味着一些校园工人可能会失去他们的工作或利益。因此选
C
。
or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for
many Grand Touris
ts when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing a country
so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest
school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled
with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was
Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini’s
Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues
and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe
before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining
admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art
for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit,
noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio
in the Veneto and the evocative (
唤起回忆的
) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.
51.
What is said about the Grand Tour?
A)
It was fashionable among young people of the time.
B)
It was unaffordable for ordinary people. C)It
produced some famous European artists.
D)It made a compulsory part of college education.
【答案】
B
【解析】由题干中的关键词
the Grand Tour
定位至第一段第二句。由此可知，大旅行对
于一般人来说是负担不起的。故选
B
。
52.
What did Grand Tourists have in common?
A) They had much geographic knowledge.
B)They were courageous and venturesome.
C)They were versed in literature and interested in art. D)They had
enough travel and outdoor-life experience.
【答案】
C
【解析】由题干中的关键词
Grand Tourists
定位至第二段第一句。选项
C
是对原文
的同义表述，其中
were versed in
对应原文中的
a thorough grounding in
。故选
C
。
20
53.
How
did
Grand
Tourists
benefit
from
their
travel?
A)
They
found
inspiration
in
the
world’s
greatest
masterpieces.
B)They
got
a
better
understanding
of
early
human
civilization.
C)They
developed
an
interest
in
the
origin
of
modem
art
forms.
D)They
gained
some
knowledge
of
classical
art
and
architecture.
【答案】
D
【解析】由题干中的关键词
benefit from their travel
定位至第二段最后一句。选项
D
是
对原文的同义改写，其中
knowledge
对应原文中的
understanding
。故选
D
。
54.
Why
did
many
Grand
Tourists
visit
the
private
collections?
A)
They
could
buy
unique
souvenirs
there
to
take
back
home.
B)Europe
hardly
had
any
museums
before
the
19th
century.
C)They
found
the
antiques
there
more
valuable.
D)Private
collections
were
of
greater
variety.
【答案】
B
【解析】由题干中的关键词
the private collections
定位至第三段倒数第二句。选项中的
hardly
和
before
the
19th
century
分别对应原文中的
few
和
before
the
close
of
the
eighteenth century
。故选
B
。
55.
How
did
the
Grand
Tour
influence
the
architecture
in
England?
A)
There
appeared
more
and
more
Roman- style
buildings.
B)Many
aristocrats
began
to
move
into
Roman-style
villas.
C)Aristocrats
，
country
houses
all
had
Roman-style
gardens.
D)Italian
architects
were
hired
to
design
houses
and
gardens.
【答案】
A
【解析】由题干中的关键词
influence
the
architecture
in
England
定位至第三段最后一句。
由此可知，在英国会有越来越多的罗马风格的建筑，选项
A
是对原文的延展推理。故选
A
。
Part
IV
Translation
(30
minutes)
Directions:
For
this
part,
you
are
allowed
30
minutes
to
translate
a
passage
from
Chinese
into
English.
You
should
write
your
answer
on
Answer
Sheet
2.
唐朝始于
618
年，终于
907
年，是中 国历史上最灿烂的时期。经过近三百年的发展，唐代中国
成为世界上最繁荣的强国，其首都长安是当时世 界上最大的都市。这一时期，经济发达、商业繁荣、社
会秩序稳定，甚至边境也对外开放。随着城市化和 财富的增加，艺术和文学也繁荣起来。李白和
杜甫
是以作品简洁自然而著称的诗人。 他们的诗歌打动了学者和普通人的心。即使在今天，他们的
许多
诗歌仍广为儿童及成人阅读背诵。
【答案】
The
Tang
Dynasty,
which
dated
from
618
and
ended
in
907,
was
the
most
prosperous
period
in
Chinese
history.
After
nearly
three
hundred
years
of
development,
it
had
become
the
most
flourishing
power
around
the
world,
with
its
capital
Chang
’
an
as
the
largest
metropolis
in
the
world.
China
during
that
period
was
embodied
in
the
booming
economy,
thriving
commerce,
stable
social
order
and
even
the
open
borders.
As
urbanization
gained
its
momentum
and
wealth
accumulated,
art
and
literature
also
flourished.
Li
Bai
and
Du
Fu
21
were
poets
distinguished
for
their
concise
and
natural
writing
style.
Their
poetry
struck
a
chord
with
scholars
as
well
as
ordinary
people.
Even
today,
many
of
their
poems
are
still
widely
read
and
recited
by
children
and
adults.
22
2017
年
6
月大学英语六级考试真题
(
第
2
套
)
Part
Ⅰ
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions:
Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in science or humanities
at college, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least
150
words
but no more than
200
words.
______________________ __________________________________________________ _________
_______________________________ __________________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________________ ________________________________
________ __________________________________________________ _______________________
_________________ __________________________________________________ ______________
__________________________ __________________________________________________ _____
__________________________________ _______________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________________________________________
__________________________________________________ _______________________________
_________ __________________________________________________ ______________________
_________________ __________________________________________________ ______________
__________________________ __________________________________________________ _____
___________________________________ ______________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________________________________________
_________________________________________________ ________________________________
Part
Ⅱ
Listening Comprehension
(30 minutes)
23
Section A
Directions :
In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will
hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 1
with a single line through
the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) Doing enjoyable work.
B) Having friendly colleagues.
C)
Earning a competitive salary.
D) Working for supportive bosses.
2. A) 31%.
B) 20%.
C) 25%.
D) 73%.
3.
A) Those of a small size.
B) Those run by women.
C) Those that are well managed.
D) Those full of skilled workers.
4.
A) They can hop from job to job easily.
B)
They can win recognition of their work.
C)
They can better balance work and life.
D)
They can take on more than one job.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5.
A) It is a book of European history.
B) It is an introduction to music.
C) It is about the city of Bruges.
D) It is a collection of photos.
6.
A) When painting the concert hall of Bruges.
B)
When vacationing in an Italian coastal city.
C)
When taking pictures for a concert catalogue.
D)
When writing about
Belgium’s
coastal regions.
7.
A) The entire European coastline will be
submerged.
B)
The rich heritage of Europe will be lost completely.
C)
The seawater of Europe will be seriously polluted.
D)
The major European scenic spots will
d
isappear.
8.
A) Its waterways are being increasingly polluted.
B )People cannot get around without using boats.
C)
It attracts large numbers of tourists from home and
abroad.
D)
Tourists use wooden paths to reach their hotels in the morning.
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or
four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the
centre.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9.
A) They make careful preparation beforehand.
B)
They take too many irrelevant factors into account.
C)
They spend too much time anticipating their defeat.
D)
They try hard to avoid getting off on the wrong foot.
10.
A) A
person’s
nervous system is more complicated than
i
magined.
B)
Golfers usually have positive mental images of
themselves.
C)
Mental images often interfere with
athletes’
performance.
D)
Thinking has the same effect on the nervous system as doing.
11.
A) Anticipate possible problems.
B)
Make a list of
do’s
and
don’ts.
C)
Picture themselves succeeding.
24
D)
Try to appear more professional.
12.
A) She wore a designer dress.
B) She won her first jury trial.
C)
She did not speak loud enough.
D) She presented moving pictures.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13.
A) Its long- term effects are yet to be proved.
B)
Its health benefits have been overestimated.
C)
It helps people to avoid developing breast cancer.
D)
It enables patients with diabetes to recover sooner.
14.
A) It focused on their ways of life during young adulthood.
B)
It tracked their change in food preferences for 20 years.
C)
It focused on their difference from men in fiber
intake.
D)
It tracked their eating habits since their
adolescence.
15.
A) Fiber may help to reduce hormones in the body.
B)
Fiber may bring more benefits to women than men.
C)
Fiber may improve the function of heart muscles.
D)
Fiber may make blood circulation more smooth.
Section C
Directions:
In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four
questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose
the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 1
with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16.
A) Observing the changes in marketing.
B) Conducting research on consumer behavior.
C)Studying the hazards of young people drinking.
D) Investigating the impact of media on government.
17.
A) It is the cause of many street riots.
B)
It is getting worse year by year.
C)
It is a chief concern of parents.
D)
It is an act of socialising.
18.
A) They spent a week studying their own purchasing behavior.
B)
They researched the impact of mobile phones on young people.
C)
They analysed their family budgets over the years.
D)
They conducted a thorough research on advertising.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19.
A) It is helping its banks to improve efficiency.
B)
It is trying hard to do away with dirty money.
C)
It is the first country to use credit cards in the world.
D)
It is likely to give up paper money in the near future.
20.
A) Whether it is possible to travel without carrying any physical currency.
B)
Whether it is possible to predict how much money one is going to spend.
C)
Whether the absence of physical currency causes a person to spend
more.
D)
Whether the absence of physical currency is going to affect everyday
l
ife.
21.
A) There was no food service on the train.
B)
The service on the train was not good.
C)
The restaurant car accepted cash only.
D)
The cash in her handbag was missing.
22.
A) By putting money into envelopes.
B)
By drawing money week by week.
C)
By limiting their day-to-day spending.
D)
By refusing to buy anything on credit.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
23.
A) Population explosion.
25
B)
Chronic hunger.
C)
Extinction of rare species.
D)
Environmental deterioration.
24.
A) They contribute to overpopulation.
B)
About half of them are unintended.
C)
They have been brought under control.
D)
The majority of them tend to end halfway.
25.
A) It is essential to the wellbeing of all species on
earth.
B)
It is becoming a subject of interdisciplinary
research.
C)
It is neglected in many of the developing countries.
D)
It is beginning to
attract postgraduates’
a
ttention.
Part III
Section A
Reading Comprehension
(40 minutes)
Directions:
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for
each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on
Answer Sheet 2
with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
After becoming president of Purdue University in 2013, Mitch Daniels asked the faculty to prove that
their students have actually achieved one o
f higher education’s most important goals: critical thinking skills.
Two years before, a nationwide study of college graduates had shown that more than a third had made no
26 gains in such mental abilities during their school years. Mr. Daniels needed to 27 the high cost
of
attending Purdue
to
its
students
and
their
families.
After
all,
the
percentage
of Americans
who
say
a
college degree is “very important” has fallen
28 in the last 5-6 years.
Purdue now has a pilot test to assess stu
dents’ critical thinking skills. Yet like many college teachers
around the U.S., the faculty remain 29
that their work as educators can be measured by a “learning
30
” such as a graduate’s
ability to investigate and reason. However, the professors need not worry so
much. The results of a recent experiment showed that professors can use 31 metrics to measure how
well students do in three key areas: critical
t
hinking, written communication, and quantitative literacy.
Despite
the
success
of
the
experiment,
the
actual
results
are
worrisome,
and
mostly
32
earlier
studies. The organizers of the experiment concluded that far fewer students were achieving at high levels
on
critical
thinking
than
they
were
doing
for
written
communication
or
quantitative
literacy.
And
that
conclusion is based only on students nearing graduation.
American
universities,
despite
their
global
33
for
excellence
in
teaching,
have
only
begun
to
demonstrate what they can produce in real-world learning. Knowledge-based degrees are still important,
but
employers
are
34
advanced
thinking
skills
from
college
graduates.
If
the
intellectual
worth
of
a
college degree can be 35 measured, more people will seek higher education---and come out better thinkers.
A)
accurately
B)
confirm
C)
demanding
D)
doubtful
E)
drastically
F)
justify
G)
monopolized
H)
outcome
I)
predominance
J)
presuming
K)
reputation
L)
significant
M)
signify
N)
simultaneously
O)
standardized
Section B
Directions:
In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph
from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than
26
paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the questions by marking the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 2.
The Price of Oil and the Price of Carbon
[A]
Fossil fuel prices are likely to stay “low for long”. Notwithstanding important recent progress in
developing renewable fuel sources, low fossil fuel prices could discourage further innovation in, and
adoption of, cleaner energy technologies. The result would be higher emissions of carbon dioxide and other
greenhouse gases.
[B]
Policymakers should not allow low energy prices to derail the clean energy transition. Action to
restore appropriate price incentives, notably through corrective carbon pricing, is urgently needed to lower
the risk of irreversible and potentially devastating effects of climate change. That approach also offers
fiscal benefits.
[C]
Oil prices have dropped by over 60% since June 2014. A commonly held view in the oil industry is
that “the best cure for low oil prices is low oil prices”. The reasoning behind this saying is that low oil
prices discourage investment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supply curve backward
and bringing prices back up as existing oil fields---which can be tapped at relatively low marginal
cost----are depleted. In fact, in line with past experience, capital expenditure in the oil sector has dropped
sharply in many producing countries, including the United States. The dynamic adjustment to low oil prices
may, however, be different this time around.
[D]
Oil prices are expected to remain lower for longer. The advent of new technologies has added
about
4.2 million barrels per day to the crude oil market, contributing to a global over-supply. In addition, other
factors are putting downward pressure on oil prices: change in the strategic behavior of the Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries, the projected increase in Iranian exports, the scaling-down of global
demand (especially from emerging markets), the long-term drop in petroleum consumption in the United
States, and some displacement of oil by substitutes. These likely persistent forces, like the growth of
shale
(
页岩
) oil, point to a “low for long” scenario. Futures markets, which show only a modest recovery of
prices to around $$60 a barrel by 2019, support this view.
[E]
Natural gas and coal
—
also fossil fuels
—
have similarly
s
een price declines that look to be
long-lived. Coal and natural gas are mainly used for electricity generation, whereas oil is used mostly to
power transportation, yet the prices of all these energy sources are linked. The North American shale gas
boom has resulted in record low prices there. The recent discovery of the giant Zohr gas field off the
Egyptian coast will eventually have impact on pricing in the Mediterranean region and Europe, and there is
significant development potential in many other places, notably Argentina. Coal prices also are low, owing
to over- supply and the scaling-
down of demand, especially from China, which bums half of the world’s
coal.
[F]
Technological innovations have unleashed the power of renewables such as wind, hydro,
s
olar, and
geothermal
(
地
热
). Even Africa and the Middle East, home to economies that are heavily dependent on
fossil fuel exports, have enormous potential to develop renewables. For example, the United Arab Emirates
has endorsed an ambitious target to draw 24% of its primary energy consumption from renewable sources
by 2021.
[G]
Progress in the development of renewables could be fragile, however, if fossil fuel prices remain
low for long. Renewables account for only a small share of global primary energy consumption, which is
still dominated by fossil fuels
—
30% each for coal and oil, 25% for natural gas. But renewable energy will
have to displace fossil fuels to a much greater extent in the future to avoid unacceptable climate risks.
[H]
Unfortunately, the current low prices for oil, gas, and coal may provide little incentive for research to
find even cheaper substitutes for those fuels. There is strong evidence that both innovation and adoption of
cleaner technology are strongly encouraged by higher fossil fuel prices. The same is true for new
technologies for alleviating fossil fuel
emissions.
[I]
The current low fossil fuel price environment will thus certainly delay the energy transition from
fossil fuel to clean energy sources. Unless renewables become cheap enough that substantial carbon
deposits are left underground for a very long time, if not forever, the planet will likely be exposed to
potentially catastrophic climate risks.
[J]
Some climate impacts may already be discernible. For example, the United Nations Children’s Fund
estimates that some 11 million children in Africa face hunger, disease, and water shortages as a result of the
strongest
El Nino
(
厄尔尼诺
) weather phenomenon in decades. Many scientists believe that El Nino events,
27
caused by warming in the Pacific, are becoming more intense as a result of climate
c
hange.
[K]
Nations from around the world have gathered in Paris for the United Nations Climate Change
Conference, COP 21, with the goal of a universal and potentially legally-binding agreement on reducing
greenhouse gas emissions. We need very broad participation to fully address the global tragedy that results
when countries fail to take into account the negative impact of their carbon emissions on the rest of the
world. Moreover, non-participation by nations, if sufficiently widespread, can undermine the political will
of participating countries to act.
[L]
The nations participating at COP 21 are focusing on quantitative emissions-reduction commitments.
Economic reasoning shows that the least expensive way for each country is to put a price on carbon
emissions. The reason is that when carbon is priced, those emissions reductions that are least costly to
implement will happen first. The International Monetary Fund calculates that countries can generate
substantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsidies and levying carbon charges that capture the
domestic damage caused by emissions. A tax on upstream carbon sources is one easy way to put a price on
carbon emissions, although some countries may wish to use other methods, such as emissions trading
schemes. In order to maximize global welfare, every
country’s
carbon pricing should reflect not only the
purely domestic damage from emissions, but also the damage to foreign
countries.
[M]
Setting the right carbon price will therefore efficiently align the costs paid by carbon users with the
true social opportunity cost of using carbon. By raising relative demand for clean energy sources, a carbon
price would also help align the market return to clean-energy innovation with its social return, spurring the
refinement of existing technologies and the development of new ones. And it would raise the demand for
technologies such as carbon capture and storage, spurring their further development. If not corrected by the
appropriate carbon price, low fossil fuel prices are not accurately signaling to markets the true social
profitability of clean energy. While alternative estimates of the damage from carbon emissions differ, and
it’s
especially hard to reckon the likely costs of possible catastrophic climate events, most estimates suggest
substantial negative effects.
[N]
Direct subsidies to research and development have been adopted by some governments but are a
poor substitute for a carbon price: they do only part of the job, leaving in place market incentives to
over-use fossil fuels and thereby
a
dd to the stock of atmospheric greenhouse gases without regard to the
collateral
(
附带的
) costs.
[O]
The hope is that the success of COP 21 opens the door to future international agreement on carbon
prices. Agreement on an international carbon-price floor would be a good starting point in that process.
Failure to address comprehensively the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, however, exposes all
generations, present and future, to incalculable risks.
36.
A number of factors are driving down the global oil prices not just for now but in the foreseeable future.
37.
Pricing carbon proves the most economical way to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions.
38.
It is estimated that extreme weather conditions have endangered the lives of millions of African
children.
39.
The prices of coal are low as a result of over-supply and decreasing
demand.
40.
Higher fossil fuel prices prove to be conducive to innovation and application of cleaner technology.
41.
If fossil fuel prices remain low for a long time, it may lead to higher emissions of greenhouse
g
ases.
42.
Fossil fuels remain the major source of primary energy consumption in
today’s
world.
43.
Even major fossil exporting countries have great potential to develop renewable energies.
44.
Greenhouse gas emissions, if not properly dealt with, will pose endless risks for
mankind.
45.
It is urgent for governments to increase the cost of using fossil fuels to an appropriate level to lessen the
catastrophic effects of climate change.
Section C
Directions:
There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You
should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree
that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own
labors online.
Some communities have agreed to share online
—
geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the
28
GenBank
repository
(
库
), and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from,
say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects---but these
remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a
lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has
been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.
But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are
encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report
that scientists need to “shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as a private preserve”.
Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific
community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To
match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online
and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.
Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not
purely
altruistic
(
利
他
的
). Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more
connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successful sharers
一
those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often---get noticed, and their work gets used. For
example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density
around the world; it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co- author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably
range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to
foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. “I’d much prefer to have my data used by
the maximum number of people to ask their own questions,” she says. “It’s important to allow re
aders and
reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be
reproducible.”
Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files
so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus
avoiding confusion later on.
46.
What do many researchers generally accept?
A)
It is imperative to protect scientists’ patents.
B)Repositories are essential to scientific research.
C)
Open data sharing is most important to medical
science.
D)
Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.
47.
What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data
p
ublic?
A)
Opposed.
B) Ambiguous.
C) Liberal.
D) Neutral
48.
According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing?
A)
The fear of massive copying.
B)
The lack of a research culture.
C)
The belief that research data is private intellectual property.
D)
The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of
it.
49.
What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?
A)
The ever-growing demand for big data.
B)
The advancement of digital technology.
C)
The changing attitude of journals and funders.
D)
The trend of social and economic development.
50.
Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing
.
A)
is becoming increasingly popular
B)
benefits sharers and users alike
C)
makes researchers successful
D)
saves both money and labor
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Macy’s reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November and
December at stores open more than a year, a
disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing
wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist
spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macy’s has simply struggled
to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or
accessories.
29
The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably
warm weather.
“
About 80% of our company
’
s year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be
attributed to
shortfalls
(
短缺
) in cold-weather goods,
”
said chief executive Teny Lundgren in a press
release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.
However, it
’
s clear that Macy
’
s believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary
aberration
(
偏
离
)
off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin
implementing $$400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions,
though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer “voluntary
separation” packag
es to 165 senior executives. It will slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move
affecting some 3,000 employees.
The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2016. The company had
previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None
of the chain’s stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.
Macy’s
has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to
open more locations of
Macy’s
Backstage, a newly- developed off-price concept which might help it better
compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx.
It’s
also pushing ahead in 2016 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the
beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or
Ulta
instead of department store beauty counters, Macy’s hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in
the category.
One relative bright spot for Macy’s during the holiday season was the online channel,
where it rang up
“double
-
digit” increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength
would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday
season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales
plunged over the holiday weekend.
51.
What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the
U
.S.?
A)
It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.
B)
It is a direct result of the global economic recession.
C)
It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.
D)
It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.
52.
What does
Macy’s
believe about its problems?
A)
They can be solved with better management.
B)
They cannot be attributed to weather only.
C)
They are not as serious in its online stores.
D)
They call for increased investments.
53.
In order to cut costs,
Macy’s
decided to
.
A)
cut the salary of senior executives
B)
relocate some of its chain stores
C)
adjust its promotion strategies
D)
reduce the size of its staff
54.
Why does
Macy’s
plan to expand Bluemercury in 2016?
A)
To experiment on its new business concept.
B) To focus more on beauty products than clothing.
C) To promote sales of its products by lowering prices. D) To be more competitive in sales of beauty
products.
55.
What can we learn about
Macy’s
during the holiday season?
A)
Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.
B)
Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.
C)
It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.
D)
It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.
Part IV
Translation
(30 minutes)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
30
English. You should write your answer on
Answer Sheet 2.
宋朝始于
960
年，一直延续到
1279
年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成为世界上最先进的经
济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。宋 代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早
使用火药并发明了活字（
movable -type
）印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的
娱乐场所。社会生活 多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体制在当时也是
先进的。政府官员均通过 竞争性考试选拔任用。
_______________________________ __________________________________________________
_________________________________________ ________________________________________
__________________________________________________ _______________________________
________ __________________________________________________ _______________________
_________________ __________________________________________________ ______________
__________________________ __________________________________________________ _____
___________________________________ ______________________________________________
________________________________________ _________________________________________
2017
年
6
月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解
(
第
2
套
)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in science or humanities at
college, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than
200 words.
【参考范文】
Whether to Major in Science or Humanities at College?
Nowadays, as the whole society place increasingly considerable value on education, the question of
whether to major in science or humanities at college is not only a concern for students, but also a focal
point for parents. Some believe that to dig into science is a better choice because it promises us a brighter
future; others may hold the opposite view that humanity knowledge is the foundation of humanity quality.
As for me, both arguments are justified. However, I believe that the important thing is not about which
subject is better, what matters most is people who will have to make the decision. In other words, we should
31
not lay one-sided emphasis on the advantages of either subject; on the contrary, the students themselves,
their interests and preferences, pros and cons are supposed to be taken into consideration. For example, if a
student is more adept at humanity and
that’s
where his real interests lie, then he should dedicate to the study
on humanity.
Whether to major in science or humanities is a critical choice for every student because its result has a
profound influence on personal career development and life style. Thus we should figure out what we really
care about so as not to put the cart before the horse.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you
mil hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a
question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on
A
nswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) Doing enjoyable work. B) Having friendly colleagues.
C)Earning a competitive salary. D) Working for supportive bosses.
【答案】
B
【解析】对话中关于第一个调查，男士说有十大因素影响着人 们在工作中的幸福感。并提及对
接受调查的大多数人来说，最重要的因素就是拥有友好、
给予支持的同事。事实上，接受调查的人
中有
73%
的人把与同事 的关系作为促成工作幸福感的关键因素，这是一个很高的比例。由此可知，
友好的同事是让员工感到幸福的第一因素。故选
B
。
2. A) 31%. B) 20%.
C)25%. D) 73%.
【答案】
B
【解析】对话中女士问男士调查中还有没有发现其 他的信息。男士在回答中提及
“
However, 20% of
employees described themselves as being unhappy
”
，故选
B
。
3.
A) Those of a small size. B) Those run by
women.
C)Those that are well managed. D) Those full of skilled workers.
【答案】
A
【解析】对话中男士说从调查中还得出了一些更有趣的结论： 首先小公司很好，人们更明确
地倾向于在不超过
100
人的较小的机构或 公司中工作。由此可知，小规模的公司在员工中更受欢
迎。故选
A
。
32
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