影印件-路程
名
名
词
词
性
性
从
从
句
句
的
的
翻
翻
译
译
英语名词从句 包括主语从句、
宾语从句、
表语从句和同位语从句等。
翻译这类从
句时,大多 数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语,但也还有一些其它的处理方法。
现分述如下:
一、主语从句
(一)
以
what,
whatever,
whoever
等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原
文顺序翻译。
1)
What he told me
was only half- truth.
他告诉我的
只是些半真半假的东西。
2)
Whatever he saw and heard on his trip
gave him a very deep impression.
他
此行所见所闻都
给他留下了深刻的印象。
3)
Whoever
has
made
a
voyage
up
the
Hudson
must
remember
the
Kaatskill
Mountains.< br>凡是在哈得孙河上游航行过的人
是一定记得卡兹吉尔群山的。
他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。
(二)以
it
作假主语所 引出的真主语从句,翻译时视情况可以提前,也可以不
提前。
1.
真主语从句提前译,为了强调起见,
it
一般可以译出来,如果
不需要强调,
it
也可以不译出来。
1)
It
doesn’t m
ake much difference whether he attends the meeting or not
.
他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。
2)
It
is a fact that the U
.
S
.
S
.
R
.
has sent it fleet to all parts of the world.
苏
联已把它的舰队派往世界各地,
这
是事实。
3)
It
seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash
.
驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活畜,
这
看来是不可想象的。
2
.真主语从句不提前,
it
一般不需要译出来。
1
)
It
is
strange
that
she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.
真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。
2
)
It
was obvious that I had become the pawn in some sort of top-level power
play
.
很清楚,某些高级人物在玩弄权术,而我却成了他们的工具。
3
)
It
is rumoured
(
reported
)
that the meeting will be held in June.
据传
(报)
,
这个会将在六月间举行。
二
宾语从句
(一)用
that
,< br>what
,
how
等引起的宾语从句汉译时一般不需要改变它在
原句中 的顺序。
l
)
I told him
that because of the last condition
,
I’d have to turn it down
.
我告诉他,
由于那最后一个条件,我只得谢绝。
2
)
Can you hear
what I say
?你听得到
我所讲的
吗?
3
)
I also
told
him
how appealing I found
the offer
.
我也告诉他,
他提供的机会对我有多么大的吸引力
。
1
4
)
He would never let the history books say of him
that he had been content to sit
on
the
sidelines
,
to
be
a
gentle
,
leisurely
President
,
letting
events
take
their
course
.
他决不肯让将来的历史书说他
甘当一个拍手旁观、
悠闲文雅而听任事情自流的总
统。
有时可加“说”字,再接下去译原文宾语从句的内容。
l
)
Smith replied
that he was sorry
.斯密斯回答说,
他感到遗憾
。
2
)
He would remind people again
that it was decided not only by himself but by
lots of others.
他再三提醒大家说,
决定这样事的不只是他一个人,还有其他许多人
。
(二)用
it
作假宾语的句子,汉译时
that
引起的宾语从句一般可按原文顺序,
it
不泽。
l
)
I made
it
clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock in the
morning
.
我向他们讲清楚了的,他们必须在上午十时前交卷。
2
)
I take
it
for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him
.我想你
会来跟他谈这件事情的。
但有时在译文中也可将
that
引起的宾语从句提前。
1
)
I regard
it
as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting
.
我被选参加会议,
感到光荣。
2
)
Anyhow
,
old chap
,
I owe
it
to you that I’m here
.
不管怎么说,老朋友,我现在还能在这儿,全靠你。
三、表请从句
英语表语从句跟宾语从句一样,一般可按原文顺序翻译。
1
)
That is
how the student movement broadened out into a nation-wide movement
for a war of resistance against foreign invaders
.就 这样,
学生运动发展成为一
个全国性的要求对外国侵略者进行抗战的运动。
2
)
The fact
,
however
,
remains
that
,
though seemingly a big military power, she
is far from invulnerable in her air defense
.
然而,现实情况仍旧是,
虽诚地貌似一个军事强国,她的空防却远 不是无懈
可击的。
3
)
What he emphasized over and over again was
that
,
no matter how difficult it
might be
,
they should never retreat even for an inch.
他所再三强调的就是,
不曾多么困难,他们决不应该后退寸步。
4) The conclusion
,
drawn in one of the concluding paragraphs
,
is
that American
foreign policy goals can be a
ttained only by “maintaining a position of strength.
”
< br>文件结尾有一段作出的一个结论是,
美国只能通过“保持实力地位”才能达
到对外政策的 目的。
5
)
His view of the press was
that the reporters were either for him or against him.
2
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