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largely名词性从句的引导词that

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2021-01-20 18:43
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2021年1月20日发(作者:objectivec)
名词性从句的引导词
that
(要点精讲)

that
除了作代词,还可以作从属连词,引导名词性从句。


一、
that
引导宾语从句

1

that
的省略问题

that
引导宾语从句,有时候可以省略,有时候不可以省略,分为以下两种情况。

(1)
可以省略

that
引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实,
that
本身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语
中常常省略。如:

I know (that) you are my friend.
我知道你是我的朋友。

I think (that) he is busy.
我认为他很忙。

He said (that) he would come to the party.
他说他会来参加晚会。

(2)
不可以省略

①从句的主语是
that
时,
that
不可省略。如:

We know that that is an interesting story.
我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。


that
引导的宾语从句中若再 有复合句时,
that
不能省略。如:

I think that if you have lost the library book, you must pay for it.
我认为如果你已把图书馆的藏书丢了,你就必须赔偿。


that
宾语从句中还有一个
if
引导的条件状语从句)

③主、从句之间有插入语时,
that
不能省略。如:

He said, in his opinion, that it was too early for middle school students to carry cell-phones.
他说,在他看来,初中生带手机太早了。

in his opinion
是插入语)

It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
按照卡片上说的,它是中国制造的。

on the card
是插入语)

④当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,
除第一个 从句中
that
可以省略外,
其它从
句中的
that
不能省 略。如:

He says the film was interesting and that he enjoys it.
他说这部电影很有趣,他喜欢它。

2
.何时使用
that
引导的宾语从句

(1)
主 句的谓语动词是
think

hear

hope

wish

remember

forget

know

say

guess
等时,常接
that
引导的 宾语从句。如:

I hope (that) he will be fine soon.
我希望他很快好起来。

(2)
主句由“连系动词+形容词”构 成的“系表”结构,常接
that
引导的宾语从句。这
类形容词多表示感情,如
happy

glad

pleased

sad

sure

afraid
等等。如:

I’m afraid
(that)
he can’t come.
恐怕他不能来了。

He was glad that his son succeeded in the test.
他很高兴他儿子在考试中取得成功。


二、
that
引导表语从句

1

th at
在表语从句中仅起连接作用,无实际意义,在句中不作任何成分,不可以省略。
如:

The fact is that he left.
事实是他离开了。

It appears that he has gone mad.
他看来已经疯了。

It proves that his promise is wrong.
他的许诺证明是错误的。

It turns out that the situation is quite serious.
事实证明,情况非常严重。

2
.当主句中含动词
do
的某 种形式时,
that
可以省略。如:

What I want to do is (that) I can go up to him and thank him.
我想做的事是走到身边去感
谢他。

注意:当句子的主语是
advi ce

demand

decision

desire< br>,
idea

insistence

instructio n

order

plan

proposal

recommendation

request

require ment

suggestion

wish
等名词时,
后 面的表语从句中谓语动词用“
should +
动词原形”

should
可省略。如:

My advice is that you should go to apologize to him.
我的建议是你应该向他道歉。

My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.
我的建议是我们明天应该早点出
发。

Their decision was that the budget (should) be revised.
他们的决定是预算应该加以修改。


三、
that
引导主语从句

that
引导主语从句有两种 类型:一种是
that
引导的主语从句放在句首;一种是
that
引导
的主语从句放在句末,由
it
作形式主语放在句首。这两种情况下
that
都不可以省略。

1

that
引导的主语从句放在句首

that
在主语从句中不作任何成分,只起连接从句的作用。如:

That Mike is clever is obvious.
迈克很聪明是显而易见的。

That I like arithmetic appeared strange to my mother.
我喜欢算数对于我妈妈来说似乎很
奇怪。

That he will come to the conference has excited everyone of us.
他会来参加会议让我们每
个人都非常兴奋。

2

that
引导的主语从句放在句末

that
引导的主语从句放在句末,要用
it
作形式主语放在句首。如:

It is obvious that Mike is clever.
迈克很聪明是显而易见的。

It appeared strange to my mother that I like arithmetic.
我喜欢算数对于我妈妈来说似乎很
奇怪。

It is a fact that we need some rest.
我们需要休息是事实。

这种形式有三种句型:

(1)It + be +
过去分词

+ that
从句

常见的过去分词 有:
said

reported

hoped

belived

expected

decided

w ell- known

thought

suggested
等。

It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun.
众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。

It’s reported that
the two countries have made an agreement about their trades.
据报道这两个国家已就贸易问题达成协议。

It’s said that
the rocket has been sent off in the space successfully.
据说火箭已经成功地发射到太空中。

It is known to us all that she gets on well with her classmates.
她和她同学相处得好是众所
周知的。

It is hoped that one day they will have enough animals to set free.
人们希望有一天会有足
够的动物可以放生。

注意:过去分词表示建议,命令 ,愿望,如
suggested

ordered

request ed
等词时,从
句需用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“
should+
动词原形”< br>,
should
可省略。

It is requested that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance.
有人请求王先生表演一个节目。

It
is
suggested
that
we
(should)
discuss
the
problem.
有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问
题。

(2)It is +
名词

+ that
从句

It is a fact that …
事实是……

It is an honor that…
……非常荣幸

It is common knowledge that …
……是常识

It’s a pity that
you missed the film.
你错过那部电影真是可惜。

It it a great shame that he should have stolen a pen.
他竟然偷钢笔,真是太丢脸了。

It is sheer luck that he survived the accident.
他在事故中逃过一劫纯粹是运气。

(3)It is +
形容词

+ that
从句

It is natural that …
很自然……

It is strange that …
奇怪的是……

It’s possible that …
……是可能的

It is true that he is a man of few words.
的确,他是一个沉默寡言的人。

It is strange that she should say something like that.
奇怪的是她竟然这样说。

注意:
necessary

c lear

true

strange

importan t

wonderful

possible

likel y

surprising

astonishing

e tc.
谓语动词的形式一般为“
should
+动词原形”

sho uld
可省略。

It is necessary that you (should) master the computer.
你掌握电脑很有必要。

It is important that a student learn English well.
学生学好英语很重要。


四、
that
引导同位语从句

1

that引导同位语从句,没有实在意义,也不作任何成分,只起连接作用,通常是对
前面的抽象名词进行解 释说明。如:

We have come to the conclusion that he was killed by his wife.
我们已得出结论:
他是被他
妻子所杀的。
(解释说明
conclusion
的内容)

I was surprised at the news that Jane got the first prize in the contest.
我很惊讶听到这个消
息,简在比赛中得到了一 等奖。
(解释说明
news
的内容)

There was no hope that he would recover his health.
他会恢复健康是没希望了。
(解释说明
hope
的内容)

You must accept the fact that you are responsible for the matter.
你必须接受你要为此事负
责的事 实。
(解释说明
fact
的内容)

注意:有时,同位语从句并不紧跟在先行词之后,而是置于句末。如:

The news came to us that my son had been killed in the war.
我的儿子在战争中牺牲的消
息传给了我们。

The possibility remains that serious street crimes could occur.
严重的街头犯罪发生的可能
性仍然存在。

The story is told that he was once a member of this committee.
他曾经是该委员会的成员
的故事被讲述。

2

that
引导的同位语从句和
that
引导的定语从句的区别

由连接词
that
引导的同位语从句,
在句子结构上和
t hat
引导的定语从句有相似之处,

还是有区别:

首先,从意义 上讲:同位语从句是对某一抽象概念名词的补充说明或者对它进行解释;
而定语从句是对前一名词进行修 饰限定。

其次,
从结构上讲:
同位语从句中连接代词
that不指前一名词,
不在从句中担当任何成
分,不能省略;
然而定语从句中
t hat
是代替先行词,须要在定语从句中担当一成分,可以作
从句的主语、宾语、表语,作宾语 时可以省略。

此外,同位语从句所补充说明的名词多为一些表示抽象概念的名词,如:
fact

news

hope

truth

idea

suggestion

thought
question

order

problem

b elief

fear

promise

informa tion

doubt
等;而定语从句所修饰限定的名词却无限定。

例:比较下面两个句子

(1)The news that we are having a holiday is not true.
我们将会放假的消息是谣传。

分析:
该句中
that we are having a holiday
为同位语从句,
是对
news
的 补充说明,

that
不作任何语法成分,只起连接作用。

(2)The news that we received yesterday was from my father.
我们昨天收到的那则消息来
自于我父亲。

分析:
该句为主从复合句,句中包含有一个定语从句,
that we received yesterday
作定语
修饰先行词
news

that
代替先行词
news
,作从句
received
的宾语,
that
可以省略。


(典例剖析)

【例题
1

After investigation, the police found out one clue
______
voices were heard calling for
help from some very distant place that day.

A

where



B

when

C

that



D

whose
【答案】
C
【解析】句意:
调 查之后,
警察发现一条线索
——
那天人们听到从远处传来的呼救声。空缺
处连 同后面的内容是作同位语从句,解释说明
clue
的内容,故选
C
项。

【难度】较难


【例题
2

There is no doubt, from my point of view,
______
matters is not what happens to you,
but what you remember and how you remember it.

A

what that







B

that that











C

what if











D

that what
【答案】
D
【解析】句意:
依我之见,
毫无疑问重要的 不是什么发生在你身上,
而是你记得什么和你如
何记得的。
from my point of view
是插入语,
There is no doubt
后面跟 的是同位语从句,解释
说明
doubt
的内容,连词只起连接作用,故应该是
that
,排除
A

C
项;同位语从句中又嵌
套有主语从句 ,主语从句中缺少主语,根据句意,表示“所……的(事)
”只能用
what

that
不作连词只能作代词,表示“那个”
,不符合句意,故选
D
项。< br>
【难度】较难


【例题
3

I regard myself as fortunate in
______
I have so many friends.

A

that


B

what


C

how


D

which
【答案】
A
【解析】句意:我认为自己很幸运因为我有这么多的朋友。选
A
项,
in that
是固定搭配,其
意为“因为”
,与
for the reason that

because
同义,可引导原因状语从句。

【难度】困难


(精题精练)

1.I have no doubt that he will make it, but I wonder ______ he is really ready enough.
A

what



B

why



C

whether



D

that
【答案】
C
【解析】
句意:我不怀疑他会成功,
但是我很疑惑他是否真的准备好了。
本题考查宾语从句。
宾语 从句的成分完整,所以排除连接代词
what
;根据句意,此处缺少

是否< br>”
的意思,所以
答案选择
whether

B
why
表示

为什么


D

tha t
在宾语从句不缺主要成分,不缺意思
时使用。

【难度】容易


2.______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A

Which
B

Whom
C

That
D

What
【答案】
D
【解析】分析题目,可知这是 一个主语从句,而且在从句中缺少动词
offer
的宾语,因为固
定搭配是
o ffer
sb.
sth.
。根据句意,故选
D
。句意:
Barbara
Jones
提供给她的粉丝的是诚实
和快乐。

【难度】容易


is natural ______ children are curious about the world around them.
A

that













B

whether








C

what









D

How
【答案】
A
【解析】分析句子,可知这是一个主语从句,
it
作为 形式主语,根据后面从句的意思,可知
道此处要用引导词
that

因为that
只起到引导的作用,
无词义。
根据句意,
可知选
A
句意:
孩子们对他们周围的世界充满好奇是很自然的。

【难度】容易


4.
Thanks
to
John’s
outstanding
performance,
it
is
most
likely
that
he
______
into
Harvard
University.
A

accepted















B

was accepted
C

will accept














D

will be accepted
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意:
幸亏约翰出 色的表现,
他最有可能被哈佛大学录取。
被大学录取是被动语态,
故排除
A< br>、
C
项;根据句意,是发生在将来的事,故要用将来时态。故选
D
项。

【难度】较难


puzzle is ______ we can get a return ticket in this tourist season.
A

how

B

which

C

that
D

why
【答案】
A
【解析】
句意:
我的迷惑是在这个旅游旺季我们如何买到往返票。
空格处是引 导一个表语从
句,从句中不缺成分,故判断是作状语,排除
B

C
项 ;根据句意,选
A


【难度】较易


in school has been of great concern because of the frequent reports ______ students got
injured or killed while staying in school.
A

where
B

when



C

which



D

that
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意:学校安全已经引起极大的关注因为有频繁的报道学生在学校期间受伤或被杀。
空缺处连同后面的句子 是同位语从句,解释说明
reports
的内容,空缺处在同位语从句中不
作成分,无 词义,故选
D
项。

税赋-largely


税赋-largely


税赋-largely


税赋-largely


税赋-largely


税赋-largely


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税赋-largely



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