altogether医学英语词根

2021年1月20日发(作者：匾)
Suff
Meaning

ix

-ac

pertaining
to

属于，关于

-al

pertaining
to

-ar

pertaining
to

Example

cardiac:
pertaining
to
the
heart

心脏（病）的

medical:
pertaining
to
medicine

molecular:
pertaining
to
a
molecule


分子的

-ary

pertaining
to

belonging
to

-ase

enzyme
酶


ciliary:
pertaining
to
the
cilia

睫毛的
,
纤毛的
,
毛状的


amylase:
any
enzyme
that
converts
s
tarch
to
sugar


淀粉酶


-cle

smallness

小
,
少
,
贫乏
,
小气


follicle:
a
small
bodily
cavity
or

sac

小囊
,(
头发的
)
毛囊


-e

an
instrument

仪器


auriscope:
an
instrument
for
examini
ng
the
ear



(
检查耳朵用的
)
耳镜


-eal

pertaining
to

laryngeal:
pertaining
to
the
larynx

喉的
,
喉音的


-ia

condition;
quality

-ic

pertaining
to

phobia:
abnormal
fear

恐惧，害怕


toxic:
pertaining
to
toxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

-ics

study
of;
name
of
a
paediatrics:
study
of
children,
thei

science

r
development
and
diseases


儿
科
学


-ine
substance

物质


insulin
：
/in

substance
(hormone)
produced
by
the

islets
of
Langerhans
in
the
pancr
eas


胰岛素

-ism

process
or
condition

alcoholism:
excessive
drinking
of
al
cohol
which
becomes
addictive


酒
精中毒


-ist

one
who
specializes
in

精通于……的人

pharmacologist:
a
doctor
who
special
izes
in
the
study
of
drugs

药
理
专家


-iti
inflammation
refers
t
rhinitis:
inflammation
of
the
nasal
s

o
a
part
in

……部位的炎症



passages

鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

-(i)
relation
to
a
whole;
endometrium:
inner
lining
of
the
ut
um


related
to

与……相关

-ive

characterizes
by

antitussive:
a
drug
that
suppresses

coughing

止咳药

-let

tiny;
small

droplet:
a
tiny
drop


小滴


er
子宫内膜


-men
the
result
or
produc
development:
thing
which
develops
or
t

t
of
an
action


is
being
developed;
action
of
bec
oming
mature

-oid

resembling;
like

像

-ole

little;
small

mucoid:
resembling
mucus

粘液样的

centriole:
the
small
dense
structure

in
the
middle
of
the
centrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-oma

tumor;
swelling
refer
dermatofibroma:
fibrous
tumor
of
the
s
to
a
doer


skin

皮肤纤维瘤

-or/
either
a
person
or
-er

thing

receptor:
a
sensory
nerve
ending
th
at
responds
to
various
stimuli
感
受
器，受体


-ory

characterized
by;
per
suspensory:
which
is
hanging
down

taining
to

-ose

sugar

悬吊式，悬带

fructose:
fruits
sugar
found
in
hon
ey
and
some
fruit
果糖


-osi
abnormal
condition

s

-ous

pertaining
to

onychocryptosis:
abnormal
condition
o
f
a
hidden
nail
嵌甲


poisonous:
pertaining
to
poison;
als
o
containing
poison
有毒的，
分泌毒素的


-som
bodies

es

ribosome:
the
body
of
nucleic
acid
核糖体


-um

structure;
thing;
sub
magnesium:
a
white
metallic
chemical
stance

结构，物质

-y

condition;
act;
proce
dystrophy:
disorder
caused
by
defect
ss

ive
nutrition
or
metabolism
营养不良



substance
镁（金属元素）


The
following
is
a
list
of
the
most
commonly
used
compound

suffixes

Suffi
Meaning


Example

x

-algi
pain;
painful;
condit
arthralgia:
pain
in
a
joint
关节痛


a

ion

protease:
digestive
enzyme
蛋白酶


--ase

enzyme


-blas
embryo
胚，胚胎，人类胚
hemocytoblast:
blast
cell
血胚细胞，
原
t

胎


始血细胞


-carc
malignant
tumor
devel
adenocarcinoma:
malignant
tumor
devel
inoma

oping
from
connective
oping
from
glandular
tissue
腺癌



tissue
相关组织的恶
性肿瘤


-cele

protrusion;
distention
esophagocele:
abnormal
distention
of
突出；膨胀，延伸


-cent
surgical
puncture
esis

术穿孔



the
esophagus
食管突出


手
paracentesis:
surgical
puncture
of
a

cavity
for
the
aspiration
of
flui
d
穿刺术


-capn
carbon
dioxide
二氧化
acapnia:
absence
of
carbon
dioxide
ia

碳


血液二氧化碳缺乏


germicide:
(substance)
which
can
kil
l
germs

杀菌剂

-clas
cell

t

phagocyte:cell,
especially
a
white
b
lood
cell,
which
can
surround
and
destroy
other
cells
噬菌细胞


-dyni
pain

a

glossodynia:
pain
in
the
tongue
痛


舌
-cide

kill

-ecta
expansion;
dilation(
膨
atelectasis:
incomplete
expansion
of
sia/

胀，扩张
)

-ecta
sis


the
lungs
at
birth
肺不张


-ecto
surgical
excision
or
gastrectomy:
surgical
removal
of
the
my


removal
of


stomach
胃切除术


-edem
excessive
accumulation
myxoedema:
condition
caused
when
the
a


of
serous
fluid
水

thyroid
gland
does
not
produce
en
肿


ough
thyroid
hormone
粘液腺瘤病，粘液
水肿


-emia

blood
condition

leukemia:
any
of
several
malignant
diseases
where
an
abnormal
number
o
f
leucocytes
form
in
the
blood
血病


-emes
vomiting
呕吐


is

hematemesis:
the
vomiting
of
blood
咯血；吐血


白
-gen

something
that
produc
pathogen:
a
microorganism
or
agent
ed
or
prouduces

capable
of
producing
disease
病菌，
病
原体


-gene
production
生产

sis

spermatogenesis:
formation
and
develo
pment
of
spermatozoa
in
the
testes
精子发生


-glob
protein
蛋白质


in

-gnos
knowledge

is

hemoglobin:
an
iron-containing
protei
n
produced
by
erythrocytes
血红素


diagnosis:
the
process
of
identifyin
g
the
nature
or
presence
of
a
dis
ease
through
knowledge
and
examinati
on

-gram

image;
picture

electrocardiogram:
a
graphic
record
of
the
electrical
activity
of
heart

muscle
or
heartbeat
used
in
the
diagnosis
of
heart
disease.

Abbr.
ECG
and
EKG.
Syn.

cardiogra
m

心电图

-grap
process
of
recording

electocardiography:
the
process
of
m
h(y)

记录过程

aking
or
recording
electrocardiograms
.
Syn.
cardiography

心电图记录


-iasi
condition;
state

s

情况，状况

cholelithiasis:
the
formation
of
gal
lstones
胆石症


-iatr
healing,
frequently
r
podiatry:
treatment
of
foot
disorder
y/

efers
to
a
branch
o
s

-iatr
f
medicine
康复，常指
足部医疗

ics

医学的一个分支


-lith

stone

cholelith:
a
gallstone;
a
stone
for
med
in
the
gallbladder

胆结石


-logy

the
study
of

cytology:
the
science
study
of
cell
s
细胞学


-logi
one
who
studies
and
urologist:
a
physician
who
specializ
st


treats

es
in
the
practice
of
urology
泌
尿
科医生


-lysi
breakdown,
destruction

hemolysis:
the
destruction
or
breakd
s

own
of
red
blood
cells
with
releas
e
of
hemoglobin
溶血


-mala
softening

cia

osteomalacia:
softening
of
bone
骨
软
化


-mani
extreme
compulsion
or
kleptomania:
a
morbid,
uncontrollable
a


preoccupation
强迫症



compulsion
to
steal
盗窃癖


acromegaly:
a
condition
in
which
th
ere
is
an
enlargement
of
the
facia
l
bones
as
well
as
those
of
the
lungs
肢端肥大症


-metr
measurement

y/

-mete
r

-odyn
pain

ia

-one

hormone
荷尔蒙，激素


spirometry:
measurement
of
the
volum
e
of
air
inhaled
and
exhaled
or
t
he
air
capacity
of
the
lungs
肺
(
活
)
量测定
(
法
),
呼吸量测定
(
法< br>)

cardiodynia:
pain
in
the
heart
regi
on
心痛，胸痛


parathormone:
which
regulates
calcium

balance
among
the
blood,
bones,
a
nd
teeth
甲状旁腺激素


-opia

a
defect
in
the
eye
myopia:
being
short-sighted
近视


眼睛的毛病


-opsy

to
view

biopsy:
excision
of
live
tissue
for

microscopic
diagnosis
活检


-osis

morbid
condition
病
态
sclerosis:
abnormal
hardening
硬化症


的


-osmi
smell

a

anosmia:
loss
of
the
sense
of
smel
l
嗅觉丧失


-mega
giant

ly

-osto
process
of
making
an
gastrostomy:
surgical
construction
of
my


opening
into
or
a

an
opening
from
the
surface
of
t

connection
between

he
abdomen
into
the
stomach
胃造口术


造瘘

-oxia

level
of
oxygen
氧
水
hypoxia:
a
low
oxygen
level
or
a
平


lack
of
oxygen
in
body
tissues
组
织
缺氧


-path
disease;
diseased
con
ophthalmopathy:
any
eye
disease
眼病


y

dition

leukopenia:
deficiency
of
leukocytes

in
the
blood.
Syn.
leukocytopenia
白细胞减少症


-peps
digestion

ia

--pex
a
fixing
or
setting
hepatopexy:
surgical
fixation
of
a
y


firmly
in
place
by
displace
liver
肝固定术



suturing

缝合固定


-phag
eating;
swallowing
吃
dysphagia:
difficulty
in
swallowing
吞
ia/ph
，吞咽


agy

-phil

attraction
吸引，具有吸
basophil:
type
of
leucocyte
or
whit
引力的事物



e
blood
cell
which
contains
granule
s
嗜碱性粒细胞


-phob
fear

ia

xenophobia:
irrational
fear
of
stran
gers
对外国人的恐惧，憎恶


咽困难


eupepsia:
good
digestion
消化良好


-peni
deficiency

a

-plas
formation;
development

hyperplasia:
overdevelopment
or
enlar
ia

gement
of
an
organ
or
tissue
增生，
数
量型肥大


-phon
voice

ia

dysphonia:
difficulty
in
speaking
发声
困难


-plas
formation;
growth
or
cytoplasm:
jelly
substance
in
the
c
m


substance
of
format
ell
细胞浆


ion

-plas
surgical
repair

ty

--ple
stroke;
paralysis
gia

风


-pnea

breathing

eupnea:
normal
breathing
呼吸正常，平静
呼吸


--pto
a
falling,
the
dropp
hepatoptosis:
abnormally
low
position
sis

ing
or
sagging
of
a

of
the
liver
肝下垂


n
organ
器官下移


-ptys
spitting
分散


is

-poie
production

sis

melanoptysis:
spitting
of
the
spleen
黑色痰液
;
咳黑痰


hemopoiesis:
production
of
blood
cel
ls
造血作用，生血作用


osteoplasty:
surgical
repair
of
the

bone
骨整形术，骨成形术


中
thermoplegia:
heat
or
sunsrtoke
热射病


-rrha
bursting
forth
of
bl
menorrhagia:
very
heavy
bleeding
dur
ge/

ood
出血


-rrha
gia

-rrha
surgical
sewing
or
s
splenorrhaphy:
suture
of
the
spleen
phy

uturing

脾修补术


ing
menstruation
月经过多


-rrhe
overflow

a

hydrorrhea:
watery
discharge
液溢


-(o)r
splitting
or
rupture
amniorrhexis:
rupture
of
the
amnioti
rhexi

撕裂，破裂，疝气


s

c
ac

羊膜破裂

-sarc
malignant
tumor
devel
liposarcoma:
malignant
tumor
containi
oma

oping
from
connective
ng
fat


tissue

脂肪肉瘤

-sche
a
holding
back;
supp
uroschesis:
suppression
of
urine
闭尿，
sis

ression
of
discharge
尿潴留


阻碍；抑制排放


-scle
a
hardening

rosis

dermatosclerosis:
hardening
of
the
s
kin
硬皮病


-scop
instrument
for
viewin
stethoscope:
an
instrument
for
perfo
e

g

rming
medicate
ausculation
听诊器


-scop
process
of
examining
hepatoscopy:
examination
of
the
live
y


visually

r
肝检查


-spas
involuntary
contractio
angiospasm:
sudden
contraction
of
th
m

n

e
muscles
in
a
blood
vessel
血管痉挛


-stas
suppression;
stoppage;
hemostasis:
the
arrest
of
bleeding

is


control;
arrest
制，中止


-sten
abnormal
narrowing
of
laryngostenosis:
abnormal
narrowing
o
osis


a
duct
or
canal
管、道德异常狭窄


-stom
surgical
opening
to
colostomy:
surgical
operation
to
mak
f
the
larynx
喉狭窄


抑
止血，止血法