配额2019年英语四级真题及答案

2021年1月20日发(作者：promo)
Part I Writing
（
30 minutes
）

请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school
newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help
elderly people in the neighborhood .You should write at least 120 words not
more than 180 words.
【范文】

Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing Home
Volunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on
June 14th, which was highly appraised by the elderly there.
Upon the students’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the
young students presented them with well- prepared gifts. Then, the students
talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged were
willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it
was time for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over
again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all
stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future.
Accordi
ng to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “we make a living by what
we get, but we make a life by what we give.” The visit not only enriches the
seniors’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some
important life lessons from the elderly residents.
By Aria, school newspaper

Part 2 Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)
Section A
News report 1
A 9-year-old central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to
swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back. A California television
station Enfresno, reported Tuesday that Jim Savage, set a record as the
youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison. The TV station
reported that by completing the swim, the fourth grade student from Losbanios
broke a record previously held by a 10-year-old boy. Jim said that waves in the
San Francisco Bay hitting him in the face 30 minutes into this swim, made him
want to give up. His father said, he had offered his son 100 dollars as a reward.
To encourage his struggling son, he doubled it to 200 dollars. James pushed
forward, making it to Alcatraz Island and back in a little more than 2 hours.
Alcatraz is over a mile from the mainland.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. What did the boy from central California do according to report?
2. What did the father do to encourage his son?

News report 2
On the first January
，
new regulations were coming to a fact which eliminated
an annual leave bonus for people who put off marriage until the age of 23 for
women and 25 for men, the South China morning post reports. The holiday
bonus was to design to encourage young people to delay getting married, in
lines with China’s one
-child policy, but with the policy now been abolished, this
holiday incentive is no longer necessary.
The government says. In shanghai, the young couple at the registration office
told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible
to take advantage of the existing policy. Because an extra holiday was a big
deal for them. In Beijing, one registration office had about 300 couples seeking
to get married the day after the changes were announced. Rather than the
usual number, often between 70 and 80, but one lawyer tell the paper the
changes still have to be adopted by local governments and this procedures
take time, so people who are rushing for a marriage can relax.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. What was purpose of the annual leave bonus of China?
4. What do we learn about the new regulations?
New report 3
Everyone loves a good house party, but the cleaning up in the next morning
isn’t as enjoyable. Now however, a New Zealand based startup company aims
to bring messy homes and even splitting headaches back to normal. The
properly named startup Morning After Maids, was launched about 1 month ago
in Auckland by room-maids Rebecca Folly and Catherine Ashers. Aside from
cleaning up, the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and
painkillers for recovering merrymakers. Although they are both gainfully
employed, they did cleaning jobs into their nights and weekends which is when
their service is in most demand anyway.
Besides being flatted with request from across the country, Folly and Ashers
have also received request from the US and Canada to provide the services
there, they are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the
business forward,
Question 5
—
7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. what is the news report mainly about?
6. what is the common problem of the house party?
7. what are Rebecca Folly and Catherin Ashish planning to do?


Long Conversation 1
W: Carl, how did your driver’s theory exam go? It was yesterday, right?

M: Yes, I’ve prepared as much as I could. But I was so ner
vous since it was my
second trial. The people who worked at the test center were very kind though.
We had a little conversation which calmed me down a bit, and that was just
what I needed. Then, after the exam, they printed out my result. But I was
afraid to open it until I was outside. I was such a relief that I passed.
W: Congratulations! I knew you could do it. I think you underestimated how
difficult it would be the first time, didn’t you? I hear a lot of people make that
mistake and go in underprepared
. But good job in passing the second time. I’m
so proud of you. Now, all you have to do next is your road test. Have you had
any lessons yet?
M: Yes, thanks. I’m so happy to be actually on the road now. I’ve only had two
driving lessons so far, and my inst
ructor is very understanding. So,I’m really
enjoying it. I can’t wait for my next session. Although the lessons are rather
expensive. 20 pounds an hour, and the instructor says I’ll need above 30—
40
lessons in total, that’s what? 6—
8 hundred pounds. So, th
is time, I’ll need to
make a lot more effort, and hopefully, I’ll be successful the first time.

W: Well, good luck.
Questions 8
—
11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. What did the man do yesterday?
9. Why did he fail the exam the first time?
10. What does the man say about his driving lessons?
11. What does the man hope to do next?


Long Conversation 2
M: Emma, I’ve got accepted to the university of Leads. Since you’re going to
university in England, do you know how much it is for international students to
study there?
W: Congratulations. Yes, I believe for international students, you’ll have to pay
around 13,000 pounds a year, it’s just a bit more than the local students.

M: OK, that’s about 17,000 dollars for the tuition and fees. Anyway, I’m only
going to be there for a year, doing my masters. So it’s pretty good. If I stayed in
the U.S., it’d take 2 years, and cost at least 50,000 dollars in tuition alone. Also,
I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leads, which would be pretty
awesome, the benefit of being a music genius.
W: Yeah, I heard you are a talented piano player. So you are doing a post-
graduate degree now? I’m still in my last year, graduating next June. Finally, I’ll
be done with my studies, and could go on to earning lots of money.
M: Are you still planning on being a teacher? No money at that job then.
W: You’d be surprised, I’m still going to be a teacher. But the plan is to work at
an international school overseas, after I get a year or so experience in England.
It’s better paid, and I get to travel, which reminds me I’m late for my class, and
I’ve got some documents I need to print out first. I’ve got to run.

Questions 12
—
15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What does the man want to know?
13. What is the man going to do?
14. What might qualify the man for a scholarship at the leads university?
15. What is the woman planning to do after graduation?

Passage 1
Scientists have identified thousands of known ants species around the world.
And only a few of them bug humans. Most ants live in the woods, or out in
nature. There, they keep other creatures in check, distribute seeds, and clean
dead and decaying materials from the ground. A very small percentage of ants
do harm to humans. But those are incredibly challenging to control. They are
small enough to easily slip inside your house. Live in colonies that number in
the tens of thousands to the hundreds of thousands, and reproduce quickly.
That makes them good at getting in, and hard to kick out. Once they settle in,
these insects start affecting your home. In addition to barging ants, other
species can cause different kinds of damage. Some, like carpenter ants, can
undermine a home structure, while others interfere with the electrical units.
Unfortunately, our homes are very attractive to ants, because it provides
everything the colony needs to survive, such as food, water, and shelter. So,
how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes? Most important of all,
avoid giving ants any access to food, particularly sugary food, because ants
have a sweet tooth. We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur, and
store food in air- tight containers. Even garbage attracts ants, so empty your
trash as often as possible. And store your outside garbage in a lidded can,
while away from doors and windows.
Questions 16
—
18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. What does the passage say about ants?
17. What do we learn from the passage about carpenter ants?
18. What can we do to prevent ants from getting into our homes?

Passage 2
My research focus is on what happens to our immune system as we age. So
the job of the immune system is to fight infections. It also protects us from
viruses and from autoimmune diseases. We know that as we get older, it's
easier for us to get affections. So older adults have more chances of falling ill.
This is evidence that our immune system really doesn't function so well when
we age. In most of our work, when we were looking at older adults who’ve got
an illness, we always have to have health controls. So we work very closely
with a great group of volunteers called the One Thousand Elders, these
volunteers are all 65 or over, but in good health. They come to the university to
provide us with blood samples to be interviewed and to help us to carry out a
whole range of research. The real impact of our research is going to be on
health in old age. At the moment, we are living much longer. Life expectancy is
increasing at 2 years for every decade, that means an extra 5 hours a day. I
want to make sure that older adults are still able to enjoy their old age, and that
they are not spending time in hospital with infection. Felling unwell and being
generally weak we want people to be healthy even when they are old.
Questions 19
—
21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. What is the focus of the speaker’s research?

20. What are the volunteers are asked to do in the research?
21. What does the speaker say will be the impact of his research?
Passage 3
When Ted Komada started teaching 14 years ago at Kilip Elementary, he
didn’t know how to manage a classroom and was struggling to connect with
students, he noticed a couple of days after school that a group of kid would get
together to play chess. “I know how to
play chess, let me go and show these
kids how to do it,” he said. Now, Komada coaches the school’s chess team.
The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school. And
this week, dozens of those students are getting ready to head out to Nashville
Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other young people at the Super
Nationals of Chess. The competition only happens every four years, and the
last time the team went, they won the third place in the nation. Komada says
Chess gives him and his students control. The school has the highest number
of kids from low-income families. Police frequent the area day and night. As 2
months ago, a young man was shot just down the street. Komada likes to
teach his students that they should think about their move before they do it.
The lessons proved valuable outside the classroom as well. Many parents see
these lessons translate into the real world. Students are more likely to think
about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble.
Questions 22
—
25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. What did Ted Komada notice one day after he started teaching at Kilip
Elementary?
23. What are dozens of students from Komada’s school going to do this week?

24. What do we learn about the students of Kilip Elementary?
25. What have the students learned from Komada?
Part
Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required
to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your
choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the
corresponding letter for each item on ANSWER SHEET 2 with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than
once.
Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs (
暗礁
) perfect for
scuba driving (
水肺式潜泳
) and preserving marine 26 . Turkish authorities
have just sunk something a little different
than a ship, and it wouldn’t normally
ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was 27 of
everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean
coast today/ Not only will the sunken plane 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial
reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring
tourist to the area.
The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will
30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane’s 31 . Aydin
Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under
US$$100,000,but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism
industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country
has been the 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes
go,this Airbus A300 is the largest 34 sunk aircraft ever.
Taking a trip underwater and 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an
adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this
attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and
experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver’s
paradise(
天堂
).
A) create B) depressed C) eventually D) Experiences E) exploring F) exterior
G) habitats H) innovate
I)intentionally J)investment K)revealing L)stretches
M)stripped N)territory O)victim





答案：
26. G 27. M 28. A 29. L 30.C 31.F 32. J 33. O 34. I 35. E
【答案解析】

26.
根据空格位置，
marine
此处 形容词，可判断出
26
题应为名词。
marine
的
意思是
“
海生的，海运的
”
固定搭配
“marine habitat”
海 洋栖息地。所以本题答案为
“G”habitat“
栖息地
”
。

27.
根据空格位置，
词性应该为动词的被动态。
本篇文章对
A3 00
持有肯定态度，
所以此句想表达
“A300”
对环境没有任何潜在的坏处 ，故答案应为
“M”, “be
stripped of”
意为
“
剥夺
”
。

28.
此题空格前有
“will”,
所以此处应填动词原形。选项中动词原形有
“A”
和
“H”,
根据 句意得知，沉没的飞机可以让人工珊瑚长的更好。所以本题答案为
“A”
，
creat e“
创造，产生
”
。

29.
此处应填动词原形，
主语为
“plane”
，
故谓语动词应为单三形式。
所以答案是
“ L”,stretches
意为
“
延伸
”
，此处指
“
飞机机身总长为
54
米
”
。

30.
此处应填副词，用来修饰后面的
“be able to venture”,
答案 应锁定在
“C”eventually
和
“L”intentionally
。这句话的意思是水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒
险。故选项
“C”eventually“最终地
”
，更符合句意。

31.
此处应填名词形式，因为空 格前为
“plane’s”
。名词选项有
“F”
和
“N”
。 空格处
前半句是时候水肺式潜水者能够在船舱内冒险，
所以后半句应该为他们也可以在
船舱外面冒险。故答案为
“F”exterior“
外部，表面
”
。

32.
因为空格前为
“on that”...
所以此处应为名词。本句话 的大意是：买这架飞机
花了很多钱，所以他们希望通过旅游业能够看到自己投资的回报。所以答案为“J”investment“
投资
”
。

33.
此 处应填名词形式。空格后的内容为
“
严重的致命恐怖袭击
”
，所以空格处应< br>为
victim“
受害者
”
。故答案为
“O”
。
34.
此处应为副词形式。因为副词修饰形容词
“largest”
。副词只剩
“I”int
entionally
有目的性地，故意地，修饰后面
sunk,
所以本题答案为
“I”
。

35.
此题应为
v.-ing
形式，与
and
前的
“taking a trip underwater”
保持并列。
“E”exploring
和“K”revealing
都是
v.-ing
形式。
根据本句句意，“E”exploring“
探索
”
更符合句意。本句话的意思是
“水下旅行和探索沉没的
A300
的内部都会是一场
冒险
”
。
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements
attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the
paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You
may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a
letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 2.
Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize
about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted
by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done:
packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each
other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work
session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email
or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we
land to soldier on with (
继续处理
) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.
[B] Why should flying d
eplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why
can’t we be tougher, more resilient (
有复原力的
) and determined in our work
so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our
current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic
schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of
what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and
determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one
more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more
play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and
therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is
scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our
collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there
is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of
health and safety problems. And lack of recovery
—
whether by disrupting sleep
with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our
phones
—
is costing our companies $$62 billion a year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop”
work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions
to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep
thinking about how
much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released,
researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become
workaholics(
工作狂
). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being
overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and
investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life
areas.”

[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the
majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of
workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a
major medical company to examine how technology extends our working
hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge
health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents
trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student
staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of