snacks研究生英语阅读教程课后翻译19单元

2021年1月21日发(作者：narcissus)
Lesson


1




1. For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx.
There are still parts of these islands where sizeable communities speak languages that were there
before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all,
constituting
such
a
threat
to
the
three
remaining
Celtic
languages,
Irish,
Scottish
Gaelic,
and
Welsh... that their long- term future must be considered... very greatly at risk.
因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。在其中
一部分岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。
然而，
英语在日常生 活中
无处不在。
所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。
英语对现存的凯尔特语——爱尔兰 语、
苏格
兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。

2.
He
also
associated
such
policies
with
a
prejudice
which
he
calls
linguisticism
(a
condition
parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the
predominantly
tolerated
—
and
certainly
have
not
opposed
—
the
hegemonic
spread
of
English,
a
spread
which
began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion.
同时，
他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种 族歧视、性别歧视的情况类似）
的偏见密
切相关。在菲利普森看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界 ，
最重要的机构和个人（有意或无意
地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对）
英语 霸权主义式的传播。
这种传播始于三个世
纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。


3. By and large, we now view them as more or less benign, and often talk with admiration and
appreciation about the cultures associated with them and what they have given to the world. And it
is fairly safe to do this, because none of them now poses much of a threat.
总的来说，
我 们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。
在谈到与之相关的文化及其为
世界所做的贡献时 ，
我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，
而且这样做也没有太大的风险，
因为这些语言
现在 已不会构成什么威胁。


4.
Yet
many
people
see
English
as
a
blessing.
Let
me
leave
aside
here
the
obvious
advantages
possessed by any world language, such as a large communicative network, a strong literary and
media complex, and a powerful cultural and educational apparatus.
然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此，我暂且 不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势，
例如广泛的通信网，强大的文化传媒体系，及强有力的文化教育机 构。


5. English-speaking South Africans of British descent were not particularly strong in opposing the
apartheid
regime,
and
the
black
opposition,
whose
members
had
many
languages,
was
at
first
weak and disorganized.
讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权，而黑人反对力量，其 成员讲多种语言，
在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。


6. Such symbolism suggests that the users of the world's lingua franca should seek to benefit as
fully as possible from the blessing and as far as possible avoid invoking the curse.
这一象征表明这种世界通 用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处
,
同时尽能避
免招来灾难。


Lesson 2

turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in lo
ve.
苹果公司发生的 这些事情丝毫的没有改变这一点。我被驱逐了
,
但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事
情。

heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less s
ure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.
因为，作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替
,
没有比这更确定
的事情了。这让我觉得如此自由
,
进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。


was
awful(
可怕的

好可怕

糟糕的

)
tasting
medicine,but
i
guess
the
patient
needed
it.
Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick . Don't lose faith.
这个良药的味道实在是太苦了
,但是我想病人需要它。有时候
,
人生会用砖头打你的头。不要
失去信心。

ering that you are going to die is the best way i know to avoid the trap of thinking you
have something to are already naked .there is no reason not to follow your heart.
记住你要死去是我所知 道最好的方法来避免思维的陷阱你输得起的东西。
你已经裸体。
没有
理由不去追随你的 心
.

time
is
limited,so
don't
waste
it
living
someone
else's
't
the
trapped
by
dogma--which
is
living
with
the
results
of
other
people's
't
let
the
noise
of
others'
opinions drown out your inner voice.
你的时间有限
,
所以不要浪费时间去过别人的生活。不要被信条所惑— —盲从信条是活在别
人的思考结果。不要让别人的意见淹没了你内心的声音。


Lesson 3
1.

Right then I learned another avoid that kind of depression meant ,inevitably, having

to endure a certain amount of worry concern .
就在那时我又得出了一条经验，这就是要想< br>避免这种郁闷，就不可避免要经受某种担忧和担心。

2.

Any time, it seems, that we set out aggressively to get something we want, we meet up with
anxiety.
And
it
’
s
go be our traveling

companion

,
at
least
part of
the
way,
into
any
new
venture
.
看来任何时候只要我们开始 积极努力获取我们想要的东西，我们都会感到焦
虑。焦虑将伴随我们进行新的冒险，至少是部分行程的“ 驴友”
。

3.

I had benefited , I discovered ,from a process psychologists call
“
extinction
”
. If you put an
individual in an anxiety-provoking situation often enough, he will eventually learn that there
isn
’
t anything to be worried about. 我发现我得益于心理学家称之为
“消失”
的过程。
如果
你把一个人放在一 种使人焦虑的环境中，长此以往，他就会形成一种习惯，最终觉得没
有什么值得担忧的了。

4.

And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most exotic of places , without
guides or even advanced bookings , confident that somehow I will manage. < br>自那以后即使是
到最不熟悉的地方去，我也不会犹豫。没有导游，甚至没有预定旅馆我也不怕，因 为我
很自信，我能安排好这一切。

5.

But I don
’
t let the butterflies stop me from doing what I want. Accept anxiety as another name
for challenge and you can accomplish wonders.
只是我不想让担忧来阻止我去做我想做的

事情，接受害怕，把它做为挑战的代名词，这样你才能创造奇迹。





Lesion 4
1.

However , just as exceeding the speed limit will, when traffic police are performing properly,
lead
to
a
speeding
ticket,
so
being
interviewed
for
an
attractive
career-entry
position
will,
when the interviewer knows what to look for, lead directly or indirectly to the question
“
Why
should we hire you ?
”

然而，正如当一个警察正确执法时，司机超速就要吃罚单，同样，
在面 试一份吸引人的、某一行业的入
?
职位的时候，如果面试官清楚地知道他们要找什
么， 就会直接或间接地问这样一个问题：

我们为什么要雇用你？”

2.

For
someone
wishing
to
begin
a
new
career,
the
prospects
are
starting
to
look
nasty
and
brutish,
and
the
immediate
picture
is
distinctly
short
of
jobs
,
hours,
and
rewards
for
new
employees.
对于那 些想要开始新的职业生涯的人来说，前途开始变的险恶和残酷，而眼
前的形势就是工作少，时间短，给新 员工的工资也减少。

3.

Other students may find their academic work difficult and demanding enough without adding
the headache of anticipating yet more demands.
其他学生可能认为学业课程已经很 难，要
求很高了，因此不想再费脑筋去预见那些更多的要求了。

4.

If you are in a program with a variety of optional courses , your knowledge of the job market
’
s demands will help you to make more informed decisions.
如果你的学习项目有各种选修
课，那么 你要是了解了就业市场的需求，就能帮助你做出更多明智的抉择。

5.

You may discover that it is quite easy to gain insight into field of interest just by sounding out
your
teachers.
你可能会发现只是到老师那里探听些消息就能非常容易地深入了解你感
兴趣的领域。

Lesion 5
1.

The
technological
advances
of
the
1990s
ushered
in
what
appeared
to
be
a
social
and
economic revolution that would rival the Industrial Revolution two centuries earlier, creating
a
new
society
of
technologically
connected
citizens
with
a
world
of
digitized
information
,
commerce ,and communication at its fingerprints.
二十世纪九十年代的技术进步似乎带来
了一场其意义堪与两百年 以前的工业革命相媲美的社会与经济方面的革命，
它创造了一
个崭新的社会，在这个社会里人们 由技术相互连接，信息、商业以及通讯都在弹指一挥
间。

2.

New
advances
in
science
and
technology
seemed
to
promise
eventual
solution
to
problems
ranging
from
eliminating
toxic
waste
to
grocery
shopping
—
genetic
engineers
developed
microbes
that
would
eat
industrial
sludge
and
researchers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
’
s(MIT)Media
Lab worked to devise a refrigerator that could sense when it was
out of milk and use the Internet to order more.
科技的新发展似乎向人们承诺提供最终解
决从消除有毒废料到食品采买一系列问题 的新希望——遗传科技人员培养出了能够吞
食工业残渣的微生物，
麻省理工学院媒体实验室的研 究人员设计出了能够觉察箱内牛奶
告罄并可上网定购的电冰箱。

3.

The cloning of an animal in 1997 suggested that human cloning had become viable as well,
raising concerns-no longer quite theoretical- that humanity might be moving toward a
“
brave
new
world
”

of
genetically
engineered
people.

1997
年克隆动物的成功表明了克隆人也已
不成问题，人们担心人类可能会朝着一 个由基因制造的人组成的“大胆的新世界”方向
发展，
（这已不再是单纯的理论问题了）
。

4.

While most Americans agreed that children should not be exposed to such material , attempts