camouflage大学英语三期末复习材料-打印版

2021年1月21日发(作者：万里挑一)
大学英语三期末复习材料

翻译部分（
15%
，整句翻译）

unit 5

P160


翻译


1)
由于不了解艾滋病，以前人们称
HIV
感染者为
“
祸 害
”
。


Owing to
ignorance of
AIDS, people used to
label
HIV
infected
/carriers/victims
as evils.


2)
普及艾滋病知识的活动需要继续开展，这个阶段的重 点放在这种病的传播途径。
(contract)
The campaign
of Knowing More About AIDS needs to
be carried on
, and for/at this stage
the emphasis
is
put on the way (how) the disease
is contracted.


3)
我们真切地向青年人呼吁：请保重身体， 良好的健康将使你能最好地应对生活中的任何困难。
We
appeal to
the young e
arnestly
: Take care of your health, with which you’ll
be best equipped to handle

any tough problems in your life.

4)
众多杰出科学家们将于本周五齐聚日内瓦
(Geneva),
讨论主要源于现代社会激烈竞争的诸多问题。
The l
eading
scientists will be meeting in Geneva on Friday to discuss problems
largely

caused by
the
fierce competition
in modern society.

5)
他的恐高归因于童年时期一次非常痛苦的经历。
他曾经被迫独自一人 站在
10
米跳台上长达
10
分
钟。
His fear of heights

was attributed to
an
extremely
painful experience in his childhood. He was once
f
orced to
stand alone on the 1
0-meter diving board
for up to 10 minutes.
6)
我们相信新发布的关于改善农村医疗系统的文件必将终 结农村地区缺医少药的时代终将结束。
We
believe that with
the newly issued
document on improving the medical system in rural areas, the era is to
be
brought to an en
d when such areas are always
short of
doctors and medicines.
大学英语三

期末复习

unit 8 P257
Translation

1)

在饭桌上，我们中国人会习惯性地 劝客人多吃菜，以证明我们热情好客
(hospitality)
。

As
a proof of our hospitality
, we Chinese will
habitually urge
our guests to help themselves to more
dishes on the table.
2)

移居到一个新的国家，你可以通过倾听人们的谈话，观察他们的举止来适应当地文化。

When you move to a new land, you can / may
orient yourself to
the local culture
by means of
listening
to what people say and
observing how they act.
3)
熟悉的环境给人 安全感，所以人们往往有意无意地抵制或避开陌生环境。
(familiarity; tendency)
Familiarity
with the environment gives a person
a sense of security
; so people
have the tendency
to
resist or avoid
new situations,
consciously or unconsciously
.
4)
对某地区的人产生偏见甚至敌意，这经常源于我们对他们缺乏了解。
(hostility; result from)
Prejudice against
or even
hostility
towards people from a certain region often
results from the fact
that
we know very little about them /we know
virtually
nothing about them.
5)
我觉得直接拒绝是一种礼貌，而我父母却很少说
“
不
”,
以免使对方 为难。
(decline)
I believe it is polite to
decline directly
, while my parents seldom say “No” so as not to
embarrass

others.
6)
知识积累有两种方式
:
亲身体验和间接体验。能为我们打开不同文化

世界的阅读属于间接体验。

There are two means to
build up knowledge
: to get it
personally
or by
second-hand
experience.
Reading, which
opens up
a new world of different cultures for us, belongs to second-hand experience.

完形填空（
10%
）

（
unit 5 P160 Cloze
）

AIDS is a terrible disease. It poses a
threat (1)
to all the human beings without
caring whether you are black or white, male or female, gay or straight, young or old. But what is
at risk (2)

1
/
7
now is not just the people
infected (3) with
the disease. Human civilization itself is being threatened. This is
because the whole society tolerates both ignorance of and
prejudice (4)
against HIV or AIDS. Once
diagnosed (
被诊断
) as HIV-positive, the victims are
isolated (5)
or treated as outcasts. They are believed to
have
contracted (6)
something evil or to have entered some alien state of being. AIDS.
艾滋病是一种 可怕
的疾病，对所有的人类都构成了威胁，不管你是白人还是黑人，男性还是女性，同性恋还是直男，年
轻还是年老。
但是现在面临的不仅仅是人类感染艾滋病的风险，
由于整个社会对艾滋病 毒或艾滋病的
无知和偏见的容忍，
人类文明本身也受到威胁。
一旦被诊断为艾滋病毒阳 性，
受害者就会被孤立或者
被遗弃。他们会被认为感染了邪恶的东西或者变成了某种怪异的生物 体。
As a result, these poor people
have to
shelter (7)
the flickering candle of life from the cold wind of rejection by their family members.
When they die of the disease, their families dare not whisper the word AIDS. They just
grieve (8)
silently.
Thus, our prejudice and silence have helped the disease
along (9).

因此，
从家庭成员的抗拒冷漠中，
这些可怜的人不得不掩藏了生活中的闪烁亮光。
当他们死于艾滋病时候，
他们的家人没有勇气轻 声说出
“
艾
滋病
”
这个词，
他们只是独自地悲伤。
因此，
我们的偏见和沉默助长了疾病的蔓延。

Now HIV marches
firmly towards AIDS in more than a million American homes, littering its
pathway (10)
with the bodies of
the young.
现在在一百多万美 国家庭里，艾滋病病毒正稳步地向艾滋病迈进，沿途丢弃的尽是年轻人
的尸骨。
To guard against the disease effectively, we must take this
issue (11)
seriously. People should be
educated to
bring (12)
those negative attitudes
to an end.
We should not see AIDS as something
evil (13)
and the patients as alien. Instead, we should
concern ourselves with (14)
the prevention of the disease and
render strong
support (15)
to the patients with more compassion. Only in this way can we have a better
chance of winning the war against
为了有效地对抗这个疾病，
我们应该 严肃地对待这个话题。
人们应该
接受教育，
把所有的消极的态度抛弃掉，
我们 不该视艾滋病为邪恶的东西，
也不该视艾滋病人为怪异
的生物体。相反地，我们应该关注疾病的 预防，并带着更多的同情心给予病人更多的支持。只有靠这
种方式，我们才有更好的机会去赢得对抗艾滋 病的战争。


(P256 unit 8 Cloze)



When we are suddenly
transplanted (1)
abroad, we may lose the peace of mind we
need
for
everyday
work
and
life.
All
the
familiar

cues
(2)
disappear
including
words,
gestures,
facial
expressions, customs, or norms. We reject the foreign environment and slip into the
tendency (3)
to believe
that our culture, race and nation form the center of the world. The
frustration (4)
and anxiety that can be
attributed (5)
to the loss of familiar signs are symptoms of culture shock.
当我们突然置身国外的 时候，我
们可能会失去我们每日工作和生活所需要的心灵的平静。熟悉的暗示都消失了，包括语言、手势 、面
部表情、风俗习惯或社会行为标准。我们排斥外国环境，并且往往相信我们的文化、种族和民族构成
了世界的中心。这种由于熟悉标志的消失产生的挫败感和焦虑感就是文化冲击的症状。
One
of
the
effective
cures (6)
for this ailment is to know something about the nature of culture and its relationship to
the individual. We should bear in mind that we are born with the
capacity (7)
to learn culture and use it. The
culture of any people is the product of history and is
built up (8)
over time. It is
by means of (9)
culture that
we learn to adapt to the physical environment and to the people with whom we associa te.
这种病的一种有
效治疗办法就是了解文化的本质，
以及文化与个体的关系。我们应该牢记我们生来拥有学习和使用文
化的能力。任何人类的文化都是历史的产物，是经过漫长的 时间才得以积累形成。通过文化，通过文
化学会适应周围的物质环境，学会和周围的人打交道。

Therefore,
it
is
due
to
(10)
our
own
lack
of
understanding of other people’s
cultural background and of the means of communication that we can not

orient

ourselves
to (11)
the host country. Another quick way to
get over (12)
culture shock is to know the
language. Once we are equipped with the language, a whole new world of cultural meanings
opens up (13)
for
us.
We
will
begin
to
find
out
not
only
what
people
do
and
how
they
do
things,
but
also
what
their
interests
are
因此，因为自 己对其他民族的文化背景缺乏理解或者缺乏与对方沟通的方式
,
，我们没有
2
/
7
办法使自己熟悉所到之国另一种快速克服文化冲击的方法是熟悉那门语言。一 旦你学会了那门语言，
一个蕴含各种文化意义的新世界就向你敞开了大门。
你开始发现人们做些 什么、
做事情的方式以及令
他们感兴趣的事情。

In addition (14),
it helps us to be a participant observer by joining the activities of the
people
and
sharing
in
their
responses,
whether
this
be
a
carnival,
a
religious
ritual,
or
some
economic
activity.
另外， 参加人们举办的各种活动，不管是嘉年华会、宗教仪式还是经济活动，在活动中仔细
观察，和人们一起喜 怒哀乐，这都有好处。


单项选择（
10%
）

1)

You should
familiarize

yourself with the rules before you start to play the game.
玩游戏之前，你必须先熟悉下规则。

2)

A judge must be free from
prejudice
—
his opinions must be fair and reasonable.
法官必须摆脱偏见，他的意见必须是公平合理的。

3)

The police are
appealing to
the public for detailed information about the murderer
警方呼吁公众关于凶手的详细信息。

4)

The car that had been following ours suddenly
accelerated

and overtook us.
一直跟在我们后面的那辆汽车，突然间加速，超过了我们。

5)

I won’t take his
threats

seriously
—
he often says he will punish me, but he never does.
我不会将他的威胁当真，他经常说他会惩罚我
,
但是从来没有。

6) Patients who are given the new drug will be asked to
monitor

their heartbeat, temperature and blood
pressure.
服了新药的患者，被要求要监控自己的心跳、体温和血压。

7) It is the hosp
ital’s policy to
isolate

any patient who is suffering from an infectious disease.
这是医院的政策，任何一个患了传染病的病人必须要被隔离。

8) Clear skies are no
guarantee

of continued fine weather; it may rain in the evening.
蔚蓝的天空不一定担保天气持续晴朗
,
夜里也可能下雨。

9) If one child gets sick with chicken-pox (
水痘
), the rest of the children in the same kindergarten will be
exposed to the danger of being
infected

.
如果一个孩子生病得了水痘，同一个幼儿 园剩下的孩子们也将
处于被感染的危险之中。

10) His total

ignorance
of the subject is truly surprising. How come he knows nothing about it?
他对这个主题的一无所知着实让人吃惊，他怎么会一点也不了解呢？

11) Having anticipated the problems I might encounter, I
was

well
equipped

to deal with the situation.
预料
到我可能会碰到的问题，我也做好处理突发情形的准备。

12) I often buy
processed

foods. They may not be so fresh, but it’s really time
-saving.
我经常购买加工食品，它们可能没有那么新鲜，但是真的很节省时间。

13) We need to find some companies to
sponsor

the contest we’re going to hold because we won’t be able
to cover all the expenses.
我们 需要找些公司来赞助我们将要举办的比赛，
因为我们没有能力承担所有的
费用。

14) In the past two years, she’s stayed at home looking after her baby
. She is hoping to
resume

her career
soon.
在过去两年里， 她待家里照顾孩子。她希望她可以很快地重新开始她的工作。

15) The Department of Public Health has
issued

strict instructions that no one should enter the epidemic
area (
疫区
) without permission.
公共卫生部门颁布了严格的指令
,
未经许可
,任何人都不应进入疫区。

16) He
contracted

such bad habits as smoking and drinking when he was fifteen, and now it is hard for him
to get rid of them.
在他十五岁的适合，他染上了抽烟和喝酒等坏习惯
,现在要戒掉这些坏习惯好难。

2 Text A
at one’s best attribute … to by contrast take advantage of

Text B
at risk bring … to an end make
room for set aside
3
/
7