rampageEMC专业术语英汉对照

2021年1月21日发(作者：采纳)




















































EMC Terminology
EMC
专业术语

BASIC CONCEPTS

基本概念

Electromagnetic environment
:
The totality of electromagnetic phenomena existing at
a given location.
电磁环境
：存在于给定场所的电磁现象的总和。

Radio environment:
The electromagnetic environment in the radio frequency range.
The totality of electromagnetic fields created at a given
location by operation, of
radio transmitters.

无线电环境
：
无线电频率范围内的电磁环境 。
在给定场所内处于工作状态的无线
电发射机产生的电磁场总和。

Electromagnetic
noise:
A time-varying electromagnetic phenomenon apparently
not
conveying
information
and
which
may
be
superimposed
or
combined
with
a
wanted signal.

电磁噪声
：
一种明显不传送信息的时变电磁现象，
它可能与有用的 信号叠加或组
合。

Natural (atmospheric) noise:
Electromagnetic noise having its source in natural




(atmospheric) phenomena and not generated by man-made devices.
自然（天电）噪声
：来源于自然（天电）现象而非人工装置产生的电磁噪声。

Man- made (equipment) noise:
Electromagnetic noise having its source in the
man-made devices
人为（设备）噪声
：来源于人工装置的电磁噪声。

Radio frequency noise:
Electromagnetic noise having components in the radio fre-
quency range.
无线电频率噪声
：具有无线电频率分量的电磁噪声。

Electromagnetic radio noise:

The total electromagnetic disturbance complex in
which an equipment, subststem, or system may be immersed exclusive of its own
electromagnetic contribution.
环境无线电噪声
：
可浸没任一设备、
子系统或 系统的全部电磁骚扰的合成，
其中
不包含

Narrowband radio noise:
Radio noise having a spectrum exhibiting one or more
sharp peaks, narrow in width compared to the nominal bandwidth of, and far
enough apart to be resolved by, the measuring instruments (or the
communication receiver to be protected).

窄带无线电噪声
：频谱 显示有一个或多个尖峰且宽度比标称带宽窄的无线电噪
声，
其标称带宽离测量仪器
（或 已防护的通信接收机）
可分辨的带宽足够远。

Narrowband radio noise:
Radio noise having a spectrum broad in width as compared
to the nominal bandwidth of the measuring instrument, and whose spectral
components are sufficiently close together and uniform that the measuring
instrument cannot resolve them.



宽带无线电噪声
：
频 谱宽度比测量仪器标称带宽宽的无线电噪声，
其谱分量之间
相距足够近而且均匀，以致测量仪器 不能分辨它们。

Electromagnetic radiation:
The phenomenon by which energy in the form of electro-
magnetic
waves
emanates
from a
source
into space.
Energy
transferred
through
space
in
the
form
of
electromagnetic
waves.
(By
extension,
the
term
radiation
sometimes also covers induction phenomena.)
电磁辐射：
能量以电磁波的形式由源发射到空间的现象。
能 量以电磁波形式在空
间传播。
（
电磁辐射一词的含义有时也可引申，
将电磁感 应现象也包括在内。
）

Electromagnetic
disturbance:

Any
electromagnetic
phenomenon
that
may
degrade
the performance of a device, equipment, or system, or adversely affect
living or
inert
matter. (An
electromagnetic disturbance
may be electromagnetic
noise, an
unwanted signal, or a change in the propagation medium itself.)

电磁骚扰
：
任何可能引起装置、
设备或系统性能降低或者对有生命或无生命物质
产生损坏作用的电磁现象。

Radio frequency disturbance:
An electromagnetic disturbance having components
in
the radio frequency range.

无线电频率骚扰
：具有无线电频率分量的电磁骚扰。

Unwanted signal
: undesired signal: A signal that may impair the reception of a
wanted signal.

无用信号
：可能损害有用信号接收的信号。

Interfering signal:
A signal that impairs the reception of a wanted signal.

干扰信号
：损害有用信号接收的信号。

Degradation
(of
performance):

An
undesired
departure
in
the
operational
performance of any device, equipment, or system from its intended performance.
(The term degradation can apply to temporary or permanent failure.)

（性能）降低
：装置、设备或系统的工 作性能与正常性能的非期望偏离。
（术语
性能降低可用于临时性或永久性失效。
）
Electromagnetic interference (EMI):

Degradation of the performance of a device,
equipment, or system caused by an electromagnetic disturbance.

电磁干扰（
EMI
）
：电磁骚扰引起的设备、传输通道或系统性能的下降。

Radio frequency interference (RFI):
Degradation of the reception of a wanted signal
caused by radio frequency disturbance.

无线电频率干扰（
RFI
）
：由无线电骚扰引起的有用信号接收性能的下降。

Digital
device
:

information
technology
equipment
(ITE)
,
that
fails
into
the
class
of
unintentional
radiators,
uses
digital
techniques
and
generators,
and
uses
timing
signals or pulses at a rate in excess of 9000 pulses per second.

数字装置
：
一种信息技术设备
（
ITE
）
，
属于采用数字技术和发生器一类的非故意
辐射器，并采用速率超过每秒
9 000
个脉冲的时钟信号或脉冲。

Information technology equipment (ITR):
Unintentional radiator equipment
designed for one or more of the following purposes:
1. Receiving data from an external source (such as a data input line or a keyboard)
2. Performing some processing functions, of the received data (such as computation,
data transformation or recording, filing, sorting, storage, transfer of data)
3. Providing a data output (either to other equipment or by the reproduction of data or

images) .












This definition includes electrical/electronic units or systems that predominantly
generate a multiplicity of periodic, binary pulsed electrical/electronic waveforms and
are designed to perform data processing functions such as word processing, electronic
computation, data transformation, recording, filing, sorting, storage, retrieval and
transfer, and reproduction of data as images'
信息技术设备（
ITE
）
：为达到下列一个或多个目的而设计的非故意辐射器 设备：

1.
接收来自外部源（例如通过数据线或键盘输入）的数据。

2.
对接收到的数据进行某些处理（如计算、数据转换或记录、建档、分类、存
储和 传送。
）

3.
提供数据输出（或送至另一设备或再现数据或图像）
。

这个定义包括那些主 要产生各种周期性二进制电气或电子脉冲波形，
并实现
数据处理功能的单元或系统：
诸 如文字处理、
电子计算、
数据转换、
记录、
建档、
分类、存储、恢复 及传递，以及用图像再现数据等。

Personal computer:
A system containing a host and a limited number of peripherals
designed to be used in the home or in small offices, which enables individuals to
perform a variety of computing or word processing functions or both, and which
typically is of a size permitting it and its peripherals to be located, on a table
surface.

Note: other definitions
given
in product standards
or applicable regulations
may
take
precedence.

个人计算机
：
一种包含主机与有限数量外设的系统，
设计成可在家庭或小型办公
室中使用，以便个人能够完成各种计算或文字处理功能或两种功能兼备；
它
的典型尺寸为可将它及其外 设放在一张桌面上。
注意：
在产品标准或适用的
规范中给出的其他定义可以优先采纳。

Peripheral
device:

A
digital
accessory
that
feeds
data
into
or
receives
'data
from
another device (host) that, in turn, controls its operation.

外围设备
：将数据馈入其他设 备（主机）或接收来自其他设备
（主机）的数据以
控制其工作的数字辅助设备。

Incidental
radiator:

A
device
that
.produces
RF
energy
during
the
course
of
its
operation, although
the device
is
not
intentionally designed
to
generate or .emit
RF energy. Examples of incidental radiators are DC motors and mechanical light
switches.

附随辐射器
：
并非有意地设计 成产生或发射射频能量，
但在其工作过程中会产生
射频能量的装置，例如直流电动机和机械电灯 开关。

Intentional
radiator:
A
device
that
intentionally
generates
and
emits
RF
energy
by
radiation or induction.

故意辐射器
：靠辐射或感应故意产生并发射射频能量的装置。

DISTURBANCE WAVEFORMS

骚扰的波形

Transient:

Pertaining
to
or
designating
a
phenomenon
or
a
quantity
that
varies
between two consecutive steady states during a time
interval short compared
to
the time scale of interest.

瞬态（的）
：在两个相邻状态之间变化的 物理量或物理现象，其变化时间小于所
关注的时间尺度。

Pulse:
An abrupt variation of short duration of a physical quantity followed by a rapid
return to the initial value.

脉冲
：在短时间内突变，随后又迅速返回其初始值的物理量。

Pulse count:
The number of pulses in some specified time interval.

脉冲计数
：在指定时间间隔内脉冲的个数。

Impulse:
A
pulse
that,
for
a
given
application,
approximates
a
unit
pulse
or
a
Dirac
function.

冲激脉冲
：针对某给定用途，近似于一单位脉冲或迪拉克函数的脉冲。

Impulsive disturbance:
Electromagnetic noise that, when incident on a particular
device or equipment, manifests itself as a succession of distinct pulses or
transients.

脉冲骚扰
：在某一特定装置或设备上出现的、表现为一连串清晰脉冲或瞬态的



电磁骚扰。

Random
noise:

Electromagnetic
noise,
the
values
of
which
at
given
instants
are
not
predictable, except in a statistical sense.

随机噪声
：
（给定瞬间其值不可 预测的噪声。
）
给定瞬间其值不可预测而只有统计
意义的电磁噪声。

Electrostatic
discharge
(ESD):

A
transfer
of
electric
charge
between
bodies
of
different electrostatic potential in proximity or through direct contact.

静电放电（
ESD
）
：具有不 同静电电位的物体相互靠近或直接接触而产生的电荷
转移。

Surge (surge-protective device):
A transient wave of current, potential, or power in an
electric circuit.

浪涌（浪涌防护装置）
：电路中的电流、电势或功率瞬态波。

Swell:
A momentary
increase
in the power
frequency
voltage delivered by the
mains,
outside of the normal tolerances, with a duration of more than one cycle and less
than a few seconds.

隆起
：
干线传输的电 源频率的电压瞬间增大，
超出了标准公差、
持续时间超过一
个周期而小于几秒。

Surge let-through:
That part of the surge that passes by a surge protective device with
little or no alteration.

允过浪涌
：很少变化或无变化地通过浪涌防护装置的那部分浪涌。

Surge
remnant:

That
part
of
an
applied
surge
that
remains
downstream
of
one
or
several protective devices.

浪涌残余
：外加浪涌经过一个或几个防护装置后剩余的部分。

Continuous disturbance:
Electromagnetic disturbance, the effects of which on a par-
ticular
device
or
equipment
cannot
be
resolved
into
a
succession
of
distinct
ef-
fects.

连续骚扰
：对一个特定设备的效应不能分解为一串能清晰可辨的效应的电磁骚





扰。

Continuous noise:
Electromagnetic
noise, the effects of
which on a particular device
or equipment cannot be resolved into a succession of distinct effects.

连续噪声
：对一个特定设备的效应不能分解为一串能清晰可辨的效应的噪声。

Quasi-impulsive noise:
Electromagnetic noise equivalent to a superposition of impul-
sive noise and continuous noise.

准冲击噪声
：等效于脉冲噪声与连续噪声的叠加的电磁噪声。

Discontinuous
interference:
Electromagnetic
interference
occurring
during
certain
interference-free time intervals.

非连续干扰
:
出现于被无干扰间隙隔开的一定时间间隔内的电磁干扰。

INTERFERENCE CONTROL

干扰控制

Electromagnetic
susceptibility
:

The
inability
of
a
device,
equipment,
or
system
to
perform, without degradation
in the presence of an electromagnetic disturbance.
(Susceptibility is a lack of immunity.)
< br>电磁敏感性
：
在存在电磁骚扰的情况下，
装置、
设备或系统不能避免性 能降低的
能力特性。
（敏感性高，抗扰性低。
）

Immunity
(to
a
disturbance):

The
ability
of
a
device,
equipment,
or
system
to
perform without degradation in the presence of an electromagnetic disturbance.

（
对骚扰的 ）
抗扰性：
装置、
设备或系统面临电磁骚扰而不降低运行性能的能力。

Internal
immunity:
Ability
of
a
device,
equipment,
or
system
to
perform
without
degradation
in
the
presence
of
electromagnetic
disturbances
appearing
at
its
normal input terminals or antennas.

内部抗扰性
：
装置、
设备或系统在其常规输 入端或天线处存在电磁骚扰时能正常
工作而无性能降低的能力。

Immunity level:
The
maximum
level of a
given electromagnetic disturbance
incident
on
a
particular
device,
equipment,
or
system
for
which
it
remains
capable
of
operating at a required degree of performance.
抗扰性电平
：
将给定电磁骚扰施加于某一装置、
设备或系统而其仍能正常工作 并
保存所需性能等级时的最大骚扰电平。

Immunity limit:
The specified minimum immunity level.


抗扰度限值
：规定的最小抗扰性电平。

Immunity margin
：
'The difference between the immunity limit of a device, equipment,
or system and the electromagnetic compatibility level.

抗扰度裕量
：装置、设备或系统的抗扰性限值与电磁兼容电平之间的差值。

External
immunity:

Ability
of
a
device,
equipment,
or
system
to
perform
without
degradation
in
the
presence
of
electromagnetic
disturbances
entering
other
than
via its normal input terminals or antennas.

外部抗扰性
：
装置、< br>设备或系统在电磁骚扰经由除常规输入端或天线以外的途径
侵入的情况下，能正常工作而无性能降 低的能力。

Limit
of
disturbance:
The
maximum
permissible
electromagnetic
disturbance
level,
as measured in a specified way.

骚扰限值（允许值）
：对于规定测量方法的最大电磁骚扰允许电平。

Limit of

interference
：
Maximum permissible degradation of
the performance of a
device, equipment or system duo to an electromagnetic disturbance (Because of
the
difficulty
of
measuring:
interference
in
many
systems,
frequently
the
term
limit of interference is used in English instead of limit of disturbance.)

干扰限值（允许值）
：
（电磁骚扰使 装置、设备或系统最大允许的性能降低。
）电
磁骚扰使装置、设备或系统性能降低的最大允许值 。
（因为在很多系统中干
扰难以测量，所以在英文中干扰限值一词常常用骚扰限值替代。
）

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC):
The ability of a device, equipment, or system
to
function satisfactorily
in
its electromagnetic environment
without
introducing
intolerable

electromagnetic disturbances to anything in .that environment.

电磁兼容性
（
EMC
）
：
设备或系统在其电磁环境中能正常工作且不对该环境中任
何事物构成不能承受的电磁 骚扰的能力。

Intersystem
electromagnetic
compatibility:

The
condition
that
enables
a
system
to
function
without
perceptible
degradation
caused
by
electromagnetic
sources
in
another system.

系统间电磁兼容性
：
使系统能够不出现由另一系统电磁源 造成明显性能降低的条
件。



Intrasystem electromagnetic compatibility:
The condition that enables the various
portions of a system to function without perceptible degradation caused, by
electromagnetic sources in other portions of the same system.

系统内电磁兼容性
：
使系统各部分都能够不出现由该系统不同部分电磁源造成的
明显性能降低的条件。

Electromagnetic compatibility level:
The specified
maximum electromagnetic distur-
bance level expected to be impressed on a device, equipment, or system operated
in particular conditions.

电磁兼容电平
：
预期加 在工作于指定条件的装置、
设备或系统上的规定的最大电
磁骚扰电平。

Electromagnetic compatibility margin:
The ratio of the
immunity
level of a device,
equipment, or system to the reference disturbance level.

电磁兼容裕量
：
装置、
设备或系统的抗扰性电平与骚扰源的发射限值之间的差值。

Earth-coupled
interference,
ground-coupled
interference:

Electromagnetic
interference
resulting
from,
an
electromagnetic
disturbance
coupled
from
one
circuit to another through, a common earth or ground-return path.

地耦合干扰
：
电磁骚扰从一电路通过公共地或地回路耦合到另一电路从而引起的
电磁干扰。

Suppressor;
suppression
component:
A
component
specially
designed,
for
distur-
bance suppression.

抑制器
：专门设计来抑制骚扰的器件。

Disturbance
suppression:

Action
that
reduces
or
eliminates
electromagnetic
disturbance.

骚扰抑制
：削弱或消除电磁骚扰的措施。

Interference
suppression:
Action
that
reduces
or
eliminates
electromagnetic
inter-
ference.

干扰抑制
：削弱或消除电磁干扰的措施。

Measurements

测量

Equipment
under
test
(EUT)
:
A
device
or
system,
used
for
.evaluation
that
is
representative of a product to be marketed.

受试设备（
EUT
）
：用来对市售产品做出评估的装置或系统的样 品。

Low-voltage
electrical
and
electronic,
equipment:

Electrical
and
electronic
equipment with operating input voltages of up to 600 V DC or 1000 V AC.

低压电气与电子设备
：工作时输入的直流电压不高于
600
V
或交流电压不高于
1000V
的电气、电子设备。

Conducted radio noise:
Radio
noise produced by equipment operation, which, exists
on
the
power
line
(or
signal
lines)
of
the
equipment
and
is
measurable
under
specified conditions as a voltage or current.

传导无线电噪声
：
设备工作时产生的无线电噪声，
它存在于设备的 电源线
（或信
号线）上，并可在规定条件下作为电压或电流进行测量。

Power line conducted radio noise:
Radio noise produced .by equipment operation,
which exists on the power line of the equipment and is measurable under
specified conditions. Note: It may enter a receptor, such as ITE, by direct
coupling or by subsequent radiation from some circuit elements.

电源线传导无线电噪声
：
设备工作 时产生的无线电噪声，
它存在于设备的电源线
上，
并可在规定条件下进行测量。
注意，
通过直接耦合或某些电路元件的二
次辐射，它可进入诸如
ITE
之类 的接收器。

Common-made radio noise:
Conducted radio
noise that appears between a common
reference
plane
(ground)
and
oil
wires
of
a
transmission
line,
causing
their
potentials
to be changed simultaneously, and by
the same amount relative to
the
common reference plane (ground).

共模无线 电噪声
：
出现在公共参考面
（地）
与传输线所有导线之间，
造成它们 的
电位同步变化且相对于公共参考面（地）数值相同的传导无线电噪声。

Floor-standing equipment:
Equipment designed to be used directly in contact with
the floor, or supported above the floor on a surface designed to support both the
equipment and the operator (e.g., a raised computer floor).

地上设备
：
设计成直接与地面接触或置于地板上的设备
（地板用于 支撑地面上方
的设备和操作人员，例如高出地面的计算机地板）
。

Table-top device:
A device designed to be placed and normally operated on the raised
Surface of a table, e.g., most personal computers.

桌面设备
：设计成放置在桌面上使用的设备，例如大多数个人计算机。

Differential-mode radio noise:
Conducted radio noise that causes the potential of one
side of the signal transmission path to be changed relative to another side.

差模无线电噪声
：
造成信号传输路径一侧的电位相对于另一侧变化的传导无线电
噪声。

Artificial mains network; fine impedance stabilization network (LISN):
A
network
inserted
in
the
supply
mains
lead
of
an
apparatus
to
be
tested
providing,
in
a
given
frequency
range,
a
specified
load
impedance
for
(he
measurement
of
disturbance
voltages and possibly
isolating
the apparatus
from
the supply
mains
in that frequency range.

人工电源网络、
线路阻抗稳定网络
（
LISN
）
：
串接在被试设备电源进线处的网络。
它在给 定频率范围内，
为骚扰电压的测量提供规定的负载阻抗，
并使被试设
备与电源相互隔离 。

Delta network:
An artificial mains network enabling the common-mode and differen-
tial-mode voltages of a single-phase circuit to be measured separately.

德尔塔网络
：能够分别测量单相电路共模电压和差模电压的人工电源网络。

V-networks:

An
artificial
mains
network
enabling
the
voltages
between
each
conductor and earth to be measured separately. (The V-network may be designed
for application to networks of any number of conductors.).

V
形网络
：能够分别测量每个导体对地电压的人工电源网络。
（
V
形网 络可设计
成用于任意导体数的网络。
）

Current
probe:

A
device
for
measuring
the
current
in
a
conductor
without
interrupting
the
conductor
and
without
introducing
significant
impedance
into
the associated circuits.



电流探头
：< br>在不断开导体且不对相应电路引入显著阻抗的情况下，
测量导体电流
的装置。

Surface transfer impedance
(of a coaxial line):
The quotient of the
voltage
induced
in
the
center
conductor
of
a
coaxial
line
per
unit
length
by
the
current
on
the
external surface of the coaxial line.
（同轴线的）
表面转移阻抗
：
同轴线 内导体单位长度上的感生电压与同轴线外表
面上的电流之比。

Ground reference plane:
A flat conductive surface whose potential is used as a com-
mon reference.

接地（参考）平面
：一块导电平面，其电位用作公共参考电位。

Shielded
enclosure;
screened
room:

A
mesh
or
sheet
metallic
housing
designed
exclusively
for
the
purpose
of
electromagnetically
separating
the
internal
a
nd.
the external environment.

屏蔽壳体、屏蔽室：
专门设计用来隔离内外电磁环境的网状或薄板金属壳体。

OPEN-AREA TEST SITES
开阔试验场地

Standard antenna calibration site:
A flat, open area site which has a metallic ground
plane and is devoid of nearby scatterers such as trees, power lines, and fences.

标准天线较准 场地
：
具有金属接地平面且附近没有树木、
输电线和栅栏之类散射
体的平坦开 阔场地。

Ambient level:
The values of radiated and conducted signal and noise existing at a
specific test location and time when the test sample is not activated.

背景电平
：受试样品尚未启动时，
在指定试验地点与时间存在的辐射的和传导的
信号及噪声之量值。< br>
Antenna factor:
Quantity relating the strength of the field in which the antenna is
immersed to the output voltage across the load connected to the antenna.

天线系数
：表示天线所在处电场强度与天线端接负载上输出电压之间关系的量。

Site attenuation:
The ratio of the power input to a matched balanced lossless tuned
dipole radiator to that at the output of a similarly balanced matched lossless
tuned dipole receiving antenna for specified polarization, separation, and heights
above a flat reflecting surface.

场地衰减
：
对于规 定的极化、
收发天线间距及距反射平面高度，
输入匹配平衡无
耗调谐偶极子辐射器的功 率与同样是匹配平衡无耗调谐的偶极子接收天线