inappropriate产科英文名词解释

2021年1月21日发(作者：巴西果)
产科英文名词解释

1. Fetal lie
（胎产式）
The term lie refers to the relationship between the long axis of
the mother and the long axis of the fetus.
2. Fetal presentation
（胎先露）
The presenting part is the portion of the fetus that
descend first through the birth canal.
3. Fetal positon
（胎方位）
The exact fetal position is determined by the relationship of
some
definite
part
of
the
fetus
(the
guiding
point
)
to
a
fixed
area
of
the
maternal
pelvis.
4. Braxton Hicks
收缩

The pregnant uterus produces painless palpable contractions
at
irregular
intervals
from
an
early
stage
in
gestation
,these
Braxton
Hicks
Contractions,however, are not positive signs of pregnancy, since similar contractions
are sometimes noted in cases of

hematometra and occasionally with soft myomas ,
especially the pedunculated submucous variety.

’
s sign
（黑格氏征）
On bimanual examination the uterine body feels doughy
or elastic and sometimes becomes exceedingly soft at about the sixth week after the
last period.
6. Abortion
（流产）
Abortion is termination of pregnancy before 28 weeks of gestation
and the fetal weight is less than 1000g.
7. Missed abortion
（
稽留流产）
When the embryo or fetus dies and it is retained in
uterus.
8. Habitual abortion
（习惯性流产）
This is defined as 3 or more consecutive abortion.
It is also called recurrent abortion.
9. Placenta previa
（前置胎盘）
The entire placenta or part of it is implanted in the
lower
portion
of
the
uterus
rather
than
in
the
upper
active
segment
，
and
at
least
a
portion of the placenta precedes the presenting part of the fetus after 28 week.
10. Placenta abruption
（胎盘早剥）
Partial or complete detachment of the placenta
from a site of normal implantation in the corpus uteri before delivery of the fetus and
may occur at any time after 20 week
’
s gestation.
11. Uteroplacental apoplexy
（子宫胎盘卒中）

Hemorrhage infiltrates the uterine
wall. Uterine tetany

follows, the uterus appears purplish,copper-colored, ecchymotic,
indurated and loss its contractile powebecause of disruption of the muscle bundles.
12. HELLP syndrome
The major symptoms are hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes,
and low platelets syndrome.
13. threatened labor
（先兆临产）
(1)lightering; (2)false labor pain; (3)show.
14.
Onset
and
diagnosis
of
labor
（临产诊断）
The
contractions
of
labor
occur
regularly and usually increase until they recur every 5 to 6 minutes and last from 30 to
40
seconds,
which
cause
progressive
effacement
and
dilatation
of
the
cervix
and
descent of the presenting part.
15. Mechanism of normal labor
（分娩机制）

The mechanism of labor is
a term
applied to the series of changes in the attitude and position of the fetus that permits it
to progress though the irregularly shaped pelvic cavity.
16. engagement
（
衔接）
The mechanism by which the biparietal diameter, the greatest
transverse diameter of the head in vertex presentation , passes through the pelvic inlet
is designated engagement.
17.
Internarotation
（内旋转）
This
movement
is
a
turning
of
the
head
in
such
a
manner that the occiput gradually moves from its original position anteriorly toward
the
,
symphysis
pubis
or
,less
commonly
,
posteriorly
toward
the
hollow
of
the
sacrum.
18. OCT or CST
（
oxytocin chellenge test, or contraction stress test
缩宫素激惹试
验）
oxytocin
challenge
test
(OCT)
or
contraction
stress
test
(CST).
Measuring
the
FHR response to the stress of spontaneous or oxytocin induced contraction(UC) forms
to basis of this test of fetal placental reserve.

OCT positive:Recurrent (at least two) late deceleration of the FHR, i.e, slowing in the
heart rate develops at about the middle of the contraction and returning to the baseline
after
the
contraction
subsides,
in
addition,
the
amplitude
and
the
duration
of
the
deceleration must parallel the amplitude and duration of the underlying .
Negative: At least 3 contractions in 10 minutes, and each lasting at least 40 seconds,
the
FHR
are
observed
without
late
deceleration,
A
negative
test
within
a
week
of
delivery provided reliable assurance that the fetus will survive and probably tolerate
labor and delivery well.
19.
NST
（
Non-stress
test,
无应激试验）
NST is
a test for
gross
evaluation of the
uteroplacental and fetal reserve. Each determination requires simultaneous monitoring
of FHR and FMs.
Reactive
: the FAD
（
fetal activity acceleration determination
）
must
have
a
smooth,
regular
configuration
and
there
must
be
3
or
more
FADs
per
20
minutes with a duration of greater than 15 seconds and more than 15 bpm amplitude.
Non-reactive
:
this
classification
includes
no
fetal
activity
either
spontaneously
or
with stimulation, and no demonsthable FHR change in response to stimulation.
logic
retraction
ring
（生理性缩复环）
As
a
result
of
the
thining
of
the
lower uterine segment and the thicking of the upper. The boundary between them is
marked
by
a
ridge
on
the
inner
uterine
surface,
the
ringe
is
called
the
physiologic
retraction ring.


21. Pathologic retraction ring
（病理性缩复环）
A pathologic retraction ring(bundle
ring)
develops
during
obstructed
but
otherwise
normal
labor.
The
ring
forms
at
the
junction
of
the
active
upper
and
the
relatively
passive
lower
uterine
segments
and
actually is the lower border of the unusually thick upper segment . because descent
and
expulsion
of
the
fetus
are
impeded.
The
lower
sement
becomes
excessively