arbitration翻译硕士英语2014(211)【试题+答案】

2021年1月21日发(作者：龙头寺)

2014
年江西师范大学外国语学院
211
翻译硕士英语考研真题 及详解

I. Vocabulary: (1×
1, 10 points)
Direction: For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes
the sentence.
1.
—
Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!
—
_____, madam. This is our soup of the day.
A. Let me see
B. So it is
C. Don’t mention it

D. Neither do I
【答案】
B
【解析】
根据
“
哎呀，这只是普通的蔬菜汤！
”
这句话来判断，顾客是在抱怨，而答语是服务员对
顾客的话做了
“
确认
”
回答，
“
确实如此，这就是我们今天的汤
”
。

2. The couple _____ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.
A. did for
B. did in
C. did with
D. did up
【答案】
D
【解析】
句意：这对夫妇修理了旧房子，然后卖了高价。
do up
刷新；修缮。
do for
适合。
do in
欺骗；搞垮。

3.
—
Mother, you promised to take me out.
—
Well. _____
A. So I did!
B. So did I.
C. So I do!
D. So do I.
【答案】
A
【解析】
第一个人抱怨妈妈 说话不算数，第二句话用了一个语气词
well
表明她承认自己曾经许诺
过这事。“so+
主语
+
助动词
”
表示说话人认同对方的看法。

4. Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into _____ ones.
A. turbulent
B. tragic
C. vulnerable
D. suspicious
【答案】
A
【解析】
句意：
谣言无处不在，
散布恐惧，
损毁名誉，
把平 静的局势弄得十分动荡。
根据
“turn...into”
可知，空白处单词应该与< br>calm
意思相反。
turbulent
混乱的。
vulnerabl e
易受攻击的。
suspicious
可疑的。

5. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____ impossible to comprehend.
A. has found
B. was finding
C. had found
D. would find
【答案】
C
【解析】
句意：这个学生说，他发现这 篇文章里有几点很难理解。这句话中
“
发现
”
这个动作发生
在
“said”
之前，因此应该用过去完成时。

6. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _____ a threat to the human race
than environmental destruction.
A. no more
B. not more
C. even more
D. much more
【答案】
B
【解析】
句意：人口过剩 对人类构成了可怕的威胁。然而这可能不仅是对人类的威胁，更是对于
环境的破坏。用于比较两件事物时 ，
no more ...than
表示对两者都否定，意为
“
同
… …
一样不
”
。而
not
more...than
指两者虽 都具有某种特征，但程度不同，意为
“
不如
”“
不及
”
。< br>
7. The decline of _____ and good manners may be worrying people more than crime, according to Gentility
Recalled, edited by Digby Anderson, which laments the breakdown of traditional codes that once regulated social
conduct.
A. politeness
B. civilization
C. civility
D. greeting
【答案】
C


【解析】
这句话中，空白处应该与
and
后的
“good manners”
意思相近。
civility
礼貌；礼仪。

8. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one.
A. the price of three times
B. three times the price
C. as much as the three times price
D. three times more than the price
【答案】
B
【解析】
此题考查倍数的表达方法。
①倍数
+the size/height/length/width. etc.+ of+
其他。
②倍数
+as+
形容词或副词的原级
+ as +
其他。③倍数
+
形容词（或副词）的比较级
+ than +
其他。

9. The government is advising _____ as a means of improving the present economic situation.
A. thrift
B. frugal
C. thrifty
D. thrive
【答案】
A
【解析】
句意 ：政府建议节俭作为改善目前经济状况的一种手段。
thrift
节俭；节约。
fru gal
节俭
的；朴素的。
thrifty
节约的；茂盛的。
thri ve
繁荣，兴旺。

10. They disliked each other too much to meet, so they conducted all their business through an _____.
A. intermediary
B. interloper
C. interlocutor
D. interpreter
【答案】
A
【解析】
句意：他们彼此不愿相见， 有事均通过中间人处理。
intermediary
中间人。
interloper< br>闯入
者。
interlocutor
对话者。

Ⅱ
. Cloze (1×
1, 20 points)
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.
Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we
really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (11)______ to express thoughts and feelings,
actions and things, (12)______ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (13)______
certain signs, called letters, which could be written to represent those sounds, and which could be (14)______.
Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters, we call words.
The power of words, then, lies in their (15)______
—
the things they bring up before our minds. Words become
(16)______ with meaning for us by experience; (17)______ the longer we live, the more certain words (18)______
to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (19)______, the more the number of words that mean
something to us (20)______.
11. A. sounds
B. gestures
C. signs
D. movements
12. A. such that
B. as that
C. so that
D. in that
13. A. in
B. with
C. of
D. upon
14. A. written down
B. handed down
C. remembered
D. observed
15. A. functions
B. associations
C. roles
D. links
16. A. filled
B. full
C. live
D. active
17. A. but
B. or
C. yet
D. and
18. A. reappear


B. recall
C. remember
D. recollect
19. A. read and think
B. read and recall
C. read and learn
D. read and recite
20. A. raises
B. increases
C. improves
D. emerges
【答案与解析】

11.A
根据第一段倒数第二句中
“those sounds”
可知，该空应该填
“sounds”
。

12.C
这句话前半句
“
人类发出声音来表达想法和感受
”
与后半句
“
他们可以互相交流
”
之间是因果关系，
因此
应该填
so that
。

13.D
句意：
后来，
他们在某些符号方面达成了一致意见。
agree upon
对
……
取得一致意见。
agree in
对
……
表示同意。

14.A
根据前半句中
“which could be written to...”
及下一句中
“written in letters”
可知，该空应该填
“written
down”
。

15.B
句意：话语的力量在于他们的关联——
他们在我们脑海中所引发的东西。根据破折号后的内容可知
该空应该填
“as sociations”
。

16.A
此处考查的是固定搭配
“be/become filled with”
，意思是
“
被
……
充满
”
。

17.D
空白处所在句子与其前一句表达的是类似意思，并没有转折，因此应该填
and
。

18.B
此题考查的是固定搭配。
recall to mind
回想起，回忆起。

19.C
句意：我们读的越多，学的越多，对我们有意义的字词的数量就会越多。

20.B
这句话的主语为
“the number of

words”
，应该与
increase
搭配。

Ⅲ
. Reading Comprehension (1×
2, 30points)
Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and write
the answer on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
For gathering data about individuals or groups at different developmental levels, researchers can use two related
research designs: longitudinal and cross-sectional.
A longitudinal study is one that measures a behavior or a characteristic of an individual over a period of time,
perhaps decades. An example of such a study is the Berkeley Growth Study begun in 1928 by Nancy Bayley. The
study focused on a group of 74 white, middle-class newborns. As they grew older, extensive measures of their
intellectual, personality, and motor development were recorded. The subjects were studied for more than thirty
years.
The longitudinal research design is a powerful technique for seeking understandings of the effects of early
experiences on later development. Also, differences in or stability of behaviors or characteristics at different ages
can be determined. Longitudinal studies, however, are expensive to conduct, time-consuming, and
heavily contingent on the patience and persistence of the researchers. The findings of a longitudinal study may be
jeopardized by relocation of subjects to another part of the country and by boredom or irritation at repeated testing.
Another disadvantage is that society changes from one time to another and the subjects participating in the study
reflect to some degree such changes. The methods of study or the questions guiding the researchers may also
change from one time to another. If properly conducted, however, longitudinal studies can produce useful, direct
information about development.
A cross-sectional study is one in which subjects of differing ages are selected and compared on a specific behavior
or characteristic. They are alike with respect to socioeconomic status, sex, or educational level. For example, a
researcher may be interested in looking at changes in intelligence over a thirty- year period. Three groups of
subjects, ages ten, twenty, and thirty, may be selected and tested. Conclusions are drawn from the test data.
The cross-sectional research design has the clear advantage of being less expensive to conduct and certainly less
time-consuming. The major disadvantage is that different individuals who make up the study sample have not been
observed over time. No information about past influences on development or about age-related changes is secured.
Like longitudinal studies, the cross-sectional methods cannot erase the generational influence that exists when
subjects studied are born at different time. Psychologists are now beginning to use an approach that combines
longitudinal and cross-sectional research methods.
21. Which of the following is NOT one of the disadvantages of a longitudinal research?
A. The subjects may become irritated at repeated testing.
B. The participants in the study may not stay in one place for many years.
C. The behavior of a subject in the study may be measured continuously for many years.
D. Social changes may be reflected in the behaviors of the subjects participating in the study.
22. The word “contingent” in the third paragraph probably means _____.

A. dependent