briefing词根记忆法

2021年1月21日发(作者：authentic)

单词词根记忆法
(191roots)
A
act, ag = to do, to drive
activity, activate
激活
, inactive, agency
机构；介绍所
, agent, agenda
议事日程
, agitate
摇动（液
体）
；鼓动：使焦虑
*enact,

ali, alter = otherwise, else
alien
外国的；外星人
, alter
（局部）修改
, alternate
交替（的）
, alternative
替换
…
的东西
(to),
*altruism

al, ol, ul = to feed, to raise
adult, adolescent
青少年
, accumulate
积累
, *cumulative

am- = loving
amateur
业余的（艺术家等）
, amiable
友善的


amb = to go round
ambulance
救护车
, ambition
雄心，抱负
, ambitious, ambiguous
模棱两可的


anim = breath; mind
animate
动画
, unanimous
一致同意的


an-, ante-, anti- = before
ancient, ancestor
祖先
, antenna
天线
, ant
蚂蚁
, anticipate
预料，期望
, anticipation, antique
古董


aud = to hear
audio, audible, audience, audit
审计
, auditorium
礼堂
, obey
遵守
, obedient
听话的


aster, str, stell = star
astronomy, astronaut
宇航员
, disaster
灾难
, *constellation

aug, auc, aux = to increase
auction
拍卖
, augment
增大
, auxiliary
辅助的


auth = creator
authentic
真正的
, authorize
授权
, authoritative, authority
权利，权威；官方
(pl)

B
bat = to beat
bat
蝙蝠
, battle
战役
, battery
电池
, combat
战斗
, debate
辩论
, *batter


1

ben, bene, bon, boun = good
benefit
好处；收益
, beneficial
有利的
, benign
良性的
,
和蔼的

bonus
奖金


brac = arm, claw
brace
臂
, bracket
括号；组
, embrace
拥抱


C
cad, cas, cid = to fall, to happen
accident,
incident
突发事件
,
accidental
偶然的
,
incidentally=by
the
way,
incidence
发生率
,
coincide
和
…
一起发生
, coincidence
巧合
, decay
腐烂
, accuse
控告
, casual
随意的
, casualty
伤亡
率
, occasion
场合


calc, cal = pebble
calculate, calendar
日历
, calcium
钙



can = hollow stick
can, cane, canal
运河
, cannon, canoe
独木舟
, canvas

cap, cop, cab = to hold, to catch
capable, capacity
能力；
容量
, capsule
胶囊
, capture
捕获
, captive
俘虏
,cope
对付
, cop
警察
, cab
出租车
, cabin
机舱
, cabinet
内阁
, cable
电缆
, occupy, occupation
职业


cap, cab = head
cape
海角
, capital, captain
队长；船长
, *caption, chapter, cabbage


car = car, to carry
cart
手推车
, career, cargo
货物
, carriage
马车；车厢
, carrier, garage, carpenter
木匠


cede, ceed, cess = to go, to walk, to yield
succeed, access
得到；
途径
, accessory
服饰
, cease
停止
, concede
让步
, concession, exceed
超过
,
excess
过量
,
excessive,
precede
在前
,
preceding,
precedent
先例
,
unprecedented
尚无先例的
,
predecessor
前辈
, procedure
步骤
, recede
退步
, recession
衰退
, succession
连续
, successive


cel, cele, ceil = prominent, high
ceiling
天花板
, excel, celebrate, celebrity
名人
, accelerate
加速


ceive, cept, cip = to take, to hold
conceive
设想，想象
, concept, perceive
感觉；视为
, perception
观点，思想
, deceive, deception,
deceit
欺骗
,
discipline
纪律；惩罚；自律；学科
,
except,
exception
例外
,
exceptional,
excerpt
节选
,
receipt,
recipe
菜谱
,
recipient
接受者
,
reciprocal
相互的
,
susceptible
易受影响的
(to),
anticipate
期待；预示
, participate
参加
, participant
参加者
, dissipate
消散；挥霍


cern, cert, cre, cri = to separate, to judge

2

certificate, certify
证明
, ascertain
确定，
查明
, assert
断言；
主张
, criterion
标准
, critical
批评的，
反对的；关键的
, criticize, crisis
危机
, *decree

cern, cre, cri = to sift
筛选

discern
察觉
,
*discrete,
discreet
（言行）谨慎的
,
discrepancy
差异
,
discriminate(against)
歧视
,
discrimination


cid, cis = to cut
decide, decisive
果断的
,
concise
简明的
, precise
精确的
,
precision,
suicide
自杀
, scissors
剪刀
,
assassination
暗杀


civ = citizen
civil
国内的
, civilian
平民
, civilization
文明
, civilize, village, vulgar
粗俗的，庸俗的


cit, cite = to summon, to urge, to call
excite, cite
引用
, recite
背诵
, solicitor
律师
, *elicit

claim = to call
claim
声称；要求；认领
, acclaim
向
…
欢呼；公认
, exclaim
喊叫
, proclaim
声称
, reclaim
开垦
（荒地）


clin = to bend, to lean
incline
倾斜；倾向于
, decline
下降；衰退；谢绝
, cliff
悬崖
, client
客户
, clinic
诊所
, climate
气
候；气氛
, *clan

clud, clus, clos = to shut
conclude
得出结论；结束
, include, exclude, exclusive
独家的；高级的
, preclude
阻碍
, disclose
揭开
, enclose
随信附上
, cluster
丛
,
群

clause
条款


cognis, gno, gnos = to know
recognize
辨认；承认
, cognitive
认知的
, diagnose
诊断
, diagnosis, ignore, ignorant
无知的


cor, cord, cour, cred = heart, center; trust
core,
cordial
诚恳的
,
accord,
accordance
一致
,
accordingly
因此
,
encourage,
discourage
阻止
,
credit
荣誉；信用
, incredible
难以置信的

Cf. court, courtesy
礼貌
, chorus
合唱；同声


copr, corpor = body
corps, corporation, corporate
企业的
, incorporate
融合


cosm, cosmo = order, ornament
costume
流行服饰；戏装
, cosmic
宇宙的
, *cosmopolitan
，
*cosmetic
化妆品
,

cra, crat = power, to rule

3

democracy
民主
, *democrat, monarch
帝王
, bureaucracy
官僚主义
, bureaucratic
Cf. demo = the people


*demography, epidemic
流行病


cult, colon = to cultivate
cultivate
培育
, colony
殖民地
, colonial, colonize
，
*cult

cur, cours = to run
course, current
当代的；水（电）流
, currency
货币
, curriculum
课程
, excursion
短途旅行
, incur
招致
, occur, occurrence, recur
反复发生
, intercourse
交往
, discourse
篇章
, curb
控制
, curl
卷发
,
curtain
窗帘；遮掩
, curve
曲线
, curse
诅咒
, corridor
走廊


cur, car = take care of
cure, accurate
准确的
, accuracy, curiosity
好奇
, secure
保障的
, security, caress
爱抚
, charity
慈善
,
cherish
珍爱；怀有



D
dec = ten
decade, decimal
十进制


dec = proper, pretty
decent
体面的
, decorate
装饰
, deck
甲板


dign = worthy
dignity
尊严
, *indignity, indignant
气愤的


din, dot, dow = give
pardon, donate
捐
, donation, donor, anecdote
轶事，趣闻
, dose
剂量
, endow
捐赠；赋予


do, du, dou = two
double, dozen, dual
双重的
, dubious
怀疑的
, duplicate
复制
, *dub

doc, doct, dox=to tell; to teach
document
文件
, *doctrine, orthodox
正统的
, paradox
矛盾的


dom, domin = to rule, to reign, home
kingdom, domain
（思想）
领域
, domestic
家庭的；
国内的
, dominate
主宰
, dominant, predominate
盛行的
, dome, abdomen
腹部，肚子
, dormitory
宿舍
, dorm, timber
木材
, tame
驯服的


dem- = people
democracy
民主
, democratic, epidemic
流行病


duce, duct = to lead

4

educate, education, reduce, reduction, deduct
扣除；
演绎
, dock
码头
, conduct
导电
（热）
, conductor
导体；
乐队指挥，

semiconductor
半导体
, induce
引诱
, introduce, produce, productive, reproduce
繁殖



dur = lasting
durable
耐用的
, duration, endurance
耐力
, endure
忍受


dyn = power
dynasty
朝代
, dynamic
动力的；有生气的


E
eco = house; to exist
economic
经济的
, economical
节俭的
, economize, ecology, eco- friendly

em, am, empt, mpt =to take
example, examine
审视
, exemplify
举例
, exempt
免除的
, prompt
促使；迅速的


equ = even, equal
adequate
充分的
, inadequate
不足的
, equality
平等
, equation
方程式
, equator
赤道
, equivalent
相
当于的


F
fab, fib = to build
fabric
织物
, fabricate
编造
, fable
寓言
, fabulous
极好的
, fiber


fact, fect, fict, feat, feit, fet, fit = to make, to produce, to do
facility
设施；能力
, facilitate
使容易
, faculty
全体教师
, factor, fake
假冒的
, defeat, defect
缺点
,
deficiency
缺陷
,
deficit
赤字，亏空
,
manufacture,
affect,
affection
爱
,
infect
感染
,
infection,
infectious, effect, efficiency, profit, benefit, proficiency
熟练
, feature
特色
, feat
业绩
, fatigue
疲劳
,
feasible
可行的



fan, fam = talk
fame
声誉
, infant
婴儿


fan, phan = to appear, to imagine
fan, phenomenon, fancy
想象；
花哨的
, fantastic
美妙的
,
极好的，

fantasy
幻觉
, fond, faint
昏倒；
微弱的
, fade
褪色
, *fanatic,

fare = to go
fare
交通费
, airfare
机票
, welfare, farewell
告别
, warfare, *thoroughfare

fas, fasc, fos, fat = to bundle, to fix

5

fast
坚固的
, fasten
扎牢
, fascinate
使着迷
, fascinating, feast
盛宴
, festival, fist, fate
命运
, fatal
致
命的
, *fatality, fossil
化石


fend, fens = to strike
defend
护卫
, defense, fence
篱笆
, offend
冒犯
, offense
违法
, offence, offensive

fer = to carry, to bear, to produce
conference, ferry
渡船
, freight
货物
, fertile
肥沃的
, fertilizer
肥料
, infer
推理
, refer, transfer
转移，
调离
, *defer

fess = to speak
confess
承认
, manifest
表明；明白的


fid, fi = to trust, true
confidence, faith
信仰
, faithful
忠诚的
, confidential
机密的
, federal
联邦的
, defy
违抗
, defiance
违抗
, hi-fi
高保真（音响）


fin, finis = to end, to bound
define
定义
,
definite
明确的
,
definitely,
definition,
infinite
无限的
,
confine
局限，限制；范围
,
refine
提炼
, finance
金融；资助
, financial

flat = to blow
flat
平的；公寓；爆胎的
, flatter
拍马，奉承
, inflate, inflation
通货膨胀


flect, flict, flex = to bend, to turn
reflect
反映；反射；反思
, refection, flexible
灵活的


flict = to strike
conflict
冲突
, *afflict, *inflict

flu, flo = to run
flow, flood, flu
流感
, fluctuate
上下波动
, fluent
流利的
, fluid, flush
脸红
, float, affluent
富裕的
,
influential
有影响力的
, overflow
溢出


form = to shape
format
格式
, formula
公式
, formulate
规划，设计
, uniform
统一的；制服
, framework
框架


fract, frag = to break to pieces
fragile
脆弱的
,
fraction
小部分
,
fiction
小说
,
fracture
骨折
,
fragment
碎片
,
fragrance
芳香
,
frustrate
使沮丧


fund, found = base, bottom
found
成立
, foundation
基础
, fountain
泉
, fundamental, profound
深刻的，深奥的
, funeral
葬礼



6

fuse, fund = to pour, to cast
refuse, refusal, confuse
使混乱；使迷惑
, confusion, fuse
保险丝；熔化
, diffuse
扩散
, refund
退
款
, refute
驳斥



G
gen, gent, gn, kin, = to produce, birth
gene, genetic, gender
性别
, generate
产生；发电
, generation, generator, generous
慷慨的
, genius
天才
, genuine
真正的
, degenerate, homogeneous
同种类的
, ingenious
灵巧的
, pregnant, germ
微
生物，细菌
, kin
家族；血缘关系
, kindness, kindergarten
幼儿园



gest, ger- = to bring, to convey
digest
消化
, exaggerate
夸大
, gesture
身体语；手势
, register
注册


grad, gress = to go; step
grade,
progress,
gradual
循序渐进的
,
upgrade
升级
,
aggressive,
aggression
侵略
,
congress,
progressive, greed
贪婪
, greedy, ingredient
组成成分


grav, gr = heavy
regret, gravity
严重
, grave, aggravate
加剧
, gray, grief
悲伤
, grieve

H
habit, hibit = to hold, to keep
inhabit
居住在
, inhabitant
居民
, inhibit
禁止
, exhibit
展现
, exhibition, prohibit
禁止


her, hes = to cling, to stick
hesitate, inherit
继承
, adhere
依附
, coherent
条理清楚的
, inherent
内在的
, heir
继承人
, heritage
遗产


hum = ground, soil
humanity, humble
自卑的
, humiliate
使羞辱
, humor, humid
潮湿的
, humidity
cf. hydr = water
（
hydrogen
氢
+ carbohydrate
）



I
it = to go
exit
出口处
, initiate
使开始
, initiative
主动
, initial
最初的
, circuit
电路
, *itinerary


J
ject = to throw
jet
喷气飞机
, reject, inject
注射
, eject
弹出
, object
反对
, project
投影
, subject
使隶属于；
使遭受



7

join, junct = to connect
joint
关节
, junction, adjacent
邻近的
, adjoin, conjunction, jungle
丛里


jud, jur, just = to judge, jus, juris = law, right
just, justice
公正；司法
, judgment, *judicial, jury, justify, justification, prejudice, adjust, injure

L
laps = to slip
collapse
崩溃
, lapse
失误；流逝
, elapse
（时光）流逝
, eclipse

lav, lau, lu = to wash
lavatory, launch
开始；推出
, laundry, dilute
稀释


lax, lyze = to loosen
relax, analyze, analysis, paralyze
瘫痪
, release, relish
美味；乐趣
, lease
租借
, leisure

lect, leg, lig = to read aloud, to gather, to choose
legend
传说
,
allege
断言
, collective
集体的
,
elect,
election,
select,
selection,
selective,
intellect,
intellectual,
diligent
勤奋的
,
diligence,
neglect,
negligible,
recollect,
elegant
优雅的
,
elegance,
eligible
符合条件的
, elite
精英


leg = to appoint, to send, lawful
legal
法律的，合法的
,
illegal
非法的
,
delegate
派遣；代表
,
delegation
代表团
,
legacy
遗产
,
legislation
立法
, legitimate
合法的
, privilege
特权


lev, live = to lift up, levis = light
elevate
提高
, elevator, lever
杠杠
, levy
征税
, alleviate
减轻
, relieve, relief
宽慰；救济金


lig, leag, li, lo, ly = to bind
religion, league
联盟
, colleague, liable
有可能的，倾向的
, liability
责任；债务；不利条件
, ally
同盟
, alliance, alloy
合金
, oblige
迫使
, obligation
义务
, rally, coalition
同盟；联合


liter = letter
literature
字面的
, literal, literacy
有文化
,
有读写能力

literally, literary
文学的
, illiterate
文盲



loc, locus = to place

local
本地的
,
locate
确定方位；
located
位于
,
location
方位
,
locomotive
机车头
,
allocate
分配
,
*collocation



log, loqu = thought, saying
dialog(ue), analog(ue)
类似
, analogy
类比
, catalog(ue), logic, apology, eloquent
雄辩的
, slogan
口
号



8