aune-sculpture
Chinese Knowledge you have to know
1.
十天干:
甲
jia
乙
yi
丙
bing
丁
ding
戊
wu
己
ji
庚
geng
辛
xin
壬
ren
癸
gui
2.
十二地支:子
zi
丑
chou
寅
yin
卯
mao
辰
chen
巳
si
午
wu
未
wei
申
shen
酉
you
戌
xu
亥
hai
3.
十二地支动物英语名:
Rat:
子鼠;
Ox:
丑牛;
Tiger:
寅虎;
Rabbit:
卯兔;
Dragon:
辰龙;
Snake
:巳蛇;
Horse:
午马;
Goat:
未羊;
Monkey:
申猴;
Rooster:
酉鸡;
Dog:
戌狗;
Pig:
亥猪
4.
Book of Spring and Autumn
《春秋》
Book of Odes
《诗》
Book of History
《书》
Book of Rites
《礼》
Book of Music
《乐》
Book of Change
《易》
The benevolent loves people.
仁者爱人。
In
order
to
establish
oneself,
establish
others;
in
order
to
develop
oneself,
develop
others. / To make accomplishment you must help others to be accomplished too.
夫仁者,己欲立而立人,己欲达而达人。
Don’t do onto others what you don’t want others to do onto you. / Do not d
o to others
what you would not like yourself.
己所不欲,勿施于人。
All within the Four Seas are brothers.
四海之内,皆兄弟也。
You may rob the Three Armies of their commander-in-chief, but you cannot deprive
the humblest peasant of his opinion.
三军可夺帅也,匹夫不可夺志也。
A man can enlarge his Way, but there is no Way that can enlarge a man.
人能弘道,非道弘人。
Is it not a pleasure, having learned something, to try it out at due intervals?
学而时习之,不亦说乎
?
Is it not a joy to have friends come from afar?
有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎
?
To say
you know when
you know,
and
to
say
you do not
when
you do
not; that is
knowledge.
知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
Whenever walking in a company of three, I can always find my teacher among them
(or one who has something to teach me
三人行,必有我师焉。
A man who does not think and plan long ahead will find trouble right by his door.
人无远虑,必有近忧。
At
fifteen,
I
began
to
be
seriously
interested
in
study.
At
thirty,
I
had
formed
my
character. At forty, I had no more perplexities. At fifty, I knew the will of heaven. At
sixty, nothing that I heard disturbed me. At seventy, I could let my thought wander
without trespassing the moral law.
吾十有五而志于学,三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳顺,七十
而从心所欲,不逾矩。
A youth is to be regarded with respect. / We should hold the young in awe
后生可畏
Rotten wood cannot be carved.
朽木不可雕也
When
I
hear
a
man
talk,
I
reserve
my
judgment
until
I
see
how
he
acts.
/
Having
listened to a man's words I go on to observe his deeds.
听其言而观其行
He was of an active nature and yet fond of learning, and he was not ashamed to ask
and learn of his inferiors!
敏而好学,不耻下问
In teaching there should be no distinction of classes.
有教无类。
Those whose courses are different cannot lay plans for one another.
道不同,不相为谋。
The lack of self-restraint in small matters will bring ruin to great plans./ A man who
can not put up with small losses or disadvantages will often spoil a big plan.
小不忍,则乱大谋。
I do not know how a man without truthfulness is to get on. / I do not see how a man
can be acceptable who is untrustworthy in word?
人而无信,不知其可也。
To learn continually and to teach other people unceasingly
学而不厌,诲人不倦
English Terms
Hundred Schools of Thought
Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought
itinerant scholars
purge of dissent
Confucian Classics
Chinese Equivalents
诸子百家
百家争鸣
游方文人学士
清除异己
儒家经典
the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring
春秋战国
States period
preserve the social order
social stratification
Master Kong
accretions to
philosophical core
martial prowess
维持社会秩序
社会阶层
孔夫子
添加
哲学核心
军事能力
Taoist recluse
primitive materialist empiricism
human cognition
ritual and music
Pacifism
Meritocracy
Five Elements
epistemological theories
sophists or dialecticians
lobbying skill
orators, debaters and tacticians
Yi Wen Zhi
the Book of Han
Ministry of Education
Ministry of Justice
Ministry of Rituals
Guardians of the Temple
Ministry of Embassies
government counselors
Ministry of the Soil and Wheat
Burning of books and burying of scholars
道家遁世者
原始的唯物经验主义
人类的认知
礼乐
和平相处
能者居上
五行
认识论
辩证家
游说
演讲家和策士
艺文志
汉书,又称前汉书
掌教育者(周朝称事务官)
掌刑罚者(周朝称司寇)
掌祭祀礼仪者(周朝称太宗)
寺人(周朝)
监国(周朝派到诸侯国的使臣)
谋士
掌土地农事者(周朝称司徒)
焚书坑儒
1. Let the ruler be a ruler and the subject a subject.
君君臣臣,父父子子。
2. Virtuous man seeks principle but not
food; Virtuous man worries about principle
but not poverty.
君子谋道不谋食,君子忧道不忧贫。
3.
The
superior
man
is
satisfied
and
composed;
the
mean
man
is
always
full
of
distress.
君子坦荡荡,小人长戚戚。
only can water float a boat, it can sink it also.
水能载舟亦能覆舟
5.
If
every
one
in
the
world
will
love
universally;
states
not
attacking
one
another;
houses not disturbing one another; thieves and robbers becoming extinct; emperor and
ministers, fathers and sons, all being affectionate and filial -- if all this comes to pass
the world will be orderly.
若使天下兼相爱,国与国不相攻,
家与家不相乱,
盗贼无有,
君臣父子皆能孝慈,
若此则天 下治。
10,000 books, travel 10,000 miles.
行万里路,读万卷书
7. This tree, because its wood is good for nothing, will succeed in living out its natural
term of years.
此木以不材得终其天年。
8.
Being
in
harmony
with
men
is
called
the
joy
of
men;
being
in
harmony
with
Heaven is called the joy of Heaven.
与人和者,谓之人乐;与天和者,谓之天乐。
9. The highest excellence is like (that of) water.
上善若水。
.
1. School of Scholars (
儒家
)
2. School of Law (
法家
)
Xunzi
L
ü
Buwei
Zhuang Zi
3. School of the Way (
道家
)
4. School of Mo (
墨家
)
5. School of Yin-yang (
阴阳家
)
Mencius
Sunzi
Han Fei
Confucius
6. School of Names (
名家
)
7. School of Agriculture (
农家
)
8. School of Vertical and Horizontal Alliances (
纵横家
)
Mo Di
Li Si
Su Qin
Shang Yang
9. Miscellaneous School (
杂家
)
10.
School of “Minor
-
talks”
(
小说家
)
11. School of the Military (
兵家
)
Lao Zi
Gongsun Long
Sun Bin
Tao Qian
Xu Xing
Zhang Yi
Zou Yan
A
过年
a.
对联
b.
春联
c.
剪纸
d.
年画
e.
买年货
f.
爆竹与烟花
g.
红包
h.
舞狮舞龙
i.
戏曲杂耍
j.
灯会
k.
守岁
l.
拜年
m.
压岁钱
n.
灯谜
o.
去晦气
p.
祭祖宗
q.
辞旧岁
r.
团圆饭
s.
年夜饭
t.
B
1.
2.
3.
4.
paper-cuts
Spring Festival couplets
Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival
special
purchases
for
the
Spring
Festival
;
do
Spring
Festival
shopping
5.
exhibit of lanterns
6.
firecrackers and fireworks
7.
lion dance and dragon dance
8.
gift money; money given to children
as a lunar New Year gift
9.
poetic
couplet:
two
successive
rhyming lines in poetry
10.
staying-up
11.
pay
New
Year's
call;
give
New
Year's greetings; New Year's visit
12.
New Year paintings
13.
traditional
opera
and
variety
show;
vaudeville
14.
red packets
15.
family reunion dinner
16.
riddles written on lanterns
17.
offer sacrifices to one's ancestors
18.
the dinner on new year's eve
19.
bid farewell to the old year
20.
get rid of the ill- fortune
Basic knowledge and Translation:
1. School of Scholars (
儒家
)
2. School of Law (
法家
)
3. School of the Way (
道家
)
4. School of Mo (
墨家
)
5. School of Yin-yang (
阴阳家
)
6. School of Names (
名家
)
7. School of Agriculture (
农家
)
8. School of Vertical and Horizontal Alliances (
纵横家
)
9. Miscellaneous School (
杂家
)
10. School of
“
Minor-talks
”
(
小说家
)
11. School of the Military (
兵家
)
1.(
明朝
) the Ming Dynasty
2.(
木板印刷
) woodblock printing
3.(
唐朝
) Tang Dynasty
4.(
活字印刷
) movable type printing
5.(
宋朝
) Song Dynasty
6.(
白话文学
) baihua literature
7.(
古典文学
) classical literature
8.(
东周王朝
) Eastern Zhou Dynasty
9.(
《易经》
) I Ching
10.(
伏羲
) Fu Xi
11.(
《诗经》
) The Classic of Poetry
12.(
《礼记》
) The Record of Rites
13.(
《春秋》编年史
) The Spring and Autumn Annals
14.(
《论语》
) The Analects of Confucius
15.(
《淮南子》
) Huainanzi
16.(
道教
) Taoism
17.(
诸子百家
) the Hundred Schools of Thought
18.(
战国时期
) the Warring States Period
19.(
春秋时期
)Spring and Autumn periods
20.(
《红楼梦》
) The dream of the Red Chamber
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