affirmative四级翻译练习

2021年1月21日发(作者：服务员英文怎么说)
























四级翻译练习

1
．
联合国下属机构世界旅游组织
(World Tourism Orga nization)
公布的数据显
示，
中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。
中 国人去年花在出境游上的支出膨胀至
1020
亿美元，同
2011
年相比增长 了
40%
。联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发
布的一份声明中说，
这一增幅令 中国迅速超越德国和美国。
后两者在之前是出境
游支出最高的两个国家。
2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长
6%
，
约
840
亿美元。< br>


汉译英：



The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization
show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the
global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $$102 billion on
outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China
screaming past Germany and the U.S.
—

the former No. 1 and No. 2
spenders, respectively
一

which both saw tourist outlays increase 6%
year- on-year to around $$84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a
statement on its website
。

2
．京剧
(Beijing Opera)
是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺 术，京剧的服装
(costume)
、脸谱
(facial mask)
更易被人喜爱。不同的服装

类型反映不同的人
物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣
;
穷困

者的服装则简单朴素，少有装
饰
(elemental)
。
脸谱是京 剧中塑造人物

形象的重要手段，
它是用不同的颜色在
脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜

色让人一看便知角色
(portray)
的善恶。比如白色代
表奸诈
(tre achery)
，

黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好
汉
(rebellious fighters)
，金、银色多用于神佛
(divinity and Buddhism)
等。



翻译：
Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a
tradi?tional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with
people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of
different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of
nobles
，
while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental.
Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks
using different colors are important ways to portray a character. People
can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In general
，
white
usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow
represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters
，
while
gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.

3
．西湖位于杭州市中心的西部，是江南三大名湖之一。由于西湖的缘故，杭州
自古就被誉为“人 间天堂”。西湖就像镶嵌
(inlay)
在广袤大地上的一颗璀璨的明
珠，以其秀丽的 风景、闻名的古迹、灿烂的文化和丰富的特产而闻名。宋代大文
豪苏轼在西湖留下了“欲把西湖比西子， 淡妆浓抹总相宜”的千古绝唱
;
白娘子
的传奇故事
(The Legend ofWhite Snake)
也给西湖增添了一层神秘色彩。



The West Lake



The West Lake, located in the western area of Hangzhou's center, is
one of the top three lakes in the regions south of the Yangtze River.
Because of it, Hangzhou has been acclaimed as
ancient times. The West Lake is like a shining pearl inlaid on the vast land,
renowned for its beautiful scenery, well-known historical sites, brilliant
culture, and plentiful local specialties. The literary giant Su Shi in Song
Dynasty left a poetic masterpiece through the ages there: The West Lake
is like the beauty Xi Shi, who is always charming with either light or heavy
make-up (rainy or shiny). The Legend of White Snake also brings the
West Lake an air of mystery.
4
．长城
(the Great wall)
又被称作“ 万里长城”，不仅是中华文明的瑰宝，也是
中国古代人民智慧的结晶。
长城是世界文化遗产(world cultural heritage)
之一，
更是中华民族的象征。其在建筑上的价值，
足以与其在历史和战略上的重要性相
媲美。
长城现存的遗址有 很多处，
其中北京的八达岭长城是驰名中外的景区，
也
是明代长城最具代表性的一段， 每年都会接待来自世界各地的许多游客。



The Great Wall



The Great Wall, which is also called
“
wan li chang cheng
language, is not only the treasure of Chinese civilization, but also the
masterpiece made by the ancient Chinese people. The Great Wall is not
only one of the world cultural heritages, but the symbol of the Chinese
nation. Its architectural value is comparable to its historical and strategic
importance.


Among the numerous remains of the Great Wall, Badaling in Beijing
is the most popular destination that has won fame both at home and
abroad. It can also be regarded as the most representative section of the
Wall ever constructed during the Ming Dynasty. Every year it attracts
many tourists from all over the world.
5
．《论语》
(The Analects of Confuciu s)
是儒家的经典著作之一，它是对孔子
及其弟子
(disciple)
的言 行和对话的记录。众所周知，孔子是一位伟大的思想家
和哲学家，
他的思想被发展成了的儒家哲 学体系。
《论语》
是儒家思想的代表作，
数个世纪以来，
《论语》一直极大地 影响着中国人的哲学观和道德观，它也影响
着其他亚洲国家人民的哲学观和道德观。



The Analects of Confucius



The Analects of Confucius is one of the Confucius classics and is a
record of the words and acts of Confucius and his disciples, as well as the
conversations they held. It's well-known that Confucius is a great
ideologist and philosopher, and his thoughts have been developed into
a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. The Analects of
Confucius is a representative work of Confucianism. For centuries, it has
been heavily influencing the philosophy and moral outlook of Chinese
people and that of the people of other Asian countries as well.
6
．中国公司想创造世界品牌，外国公司想增加在中国的销量，这些都正改变着
中国的设计产业。
中国制造商意识到，
若他们想在本国市场脱颖而出，
在外国市
场崭露头角，
就 必须设计更好的产品。
索尼这样的外国公司也开始明白，
从前海
外公司常把随便什么地 方设计的产品拿到中国来卖，
而现在，
中国消费者变得更
加挑剔，他们不再那样容易满 足了。



参考答案
:



Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign
companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the
Chinese design Chinese manufacturers realize that they
have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic
markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign
usly,the overseas caompanies always took the products
which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the
foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese
consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be
satisfied.


若他们想在本国市场脱颖而出，
在外国市场崭露头角，
就必须设计更好的产
品。



分析
:



这里的“脱颖而出 ”和“崭露头角意思相近”，我们尽量选择不同的译法，
两个词语可以分别译为“
stand out
”和“
distinguish themselves
”。

7
．对于一名女子来说，传统美是她的唯一标志。她的皮肤应该天生丽质，没有
皱纹，没有疤 痕，没有瑕疵。她的身材应该消瘦苗条，通常高挑个，双腿修长，
其中青春年少则是首要条件。
所有在电视广告中出现的
“花容月貌”
的靓女都符
合这个标准。
这种形象是认 为的，
是可以人工塑造的。
许多妇女尽其所能来摆布
和修改自己的容貌体态。



参考答案
:



To a woman,the traditional beauty is her only skin should
be born smooth without wrinkles,scars or body should be slim
and thin,and usually she is tall,having long youth is the primary
of the beauties who have showed up in the TV commercials
are fit for that image is artificial and can be made by
women do their best to decorate and modify their looks
and figures.


她的皮肤应该天生丽质，没有皱纹，没有疤痕，没有瑕疵。



分析
:



本句中的“皱纹”，“疤痕”，“瑕疵”应选 择意思最接近的英语词汇，可
以译为
wrinkle,scar,flaw
。

8
．在中国，人们对一切艺术的艺术，即生活的艺术，懂得很多。一个较为年轻
的文明 国家可能会致力于进步
;
然而一个古老的文明国度，自然在人生的历程上
见多识广，< br>她所感兴趣的自然是如何过好生活。
就中国而言，
由于有了中国的人
文主义精神 ，把人当作一切事物的中心，把人类幸福当做知识的终结，于是，强
调生活的艺术就是更为自然的事情了 。
但即使没有人文主义，
一个古老的文明也
一定会有一个不同的价值尺度，
只 有这样，
它才会知道什么是
“持久的生活乐趣”
。
任何一个民族，如果它不知 道如何享受生活，那么，在我们的眼里，这个民族一
定是粗野的，不文明的。



参考答案
:



In China,people know a lot about the art of all arts,namely,the art of
life.A comparatively young country will dedicate to the
progress;however,an ancient civilized country is experienced and
knowledgeable in the life road,and naturally she is interested in how to
lead a good to China,it is much more natural to emphasize the art
of life because of the humanism spirit of China,taking people as the
center of everything and making human being's happiness as the end of
if there is no humanism,an ancient civilization would
also have its own value standard,and only in this way would it know what
the
“
lasting life pleasure
”
nation,if it does not know how to enjoy
life,must be barbaric and uncivilized in our eyes.


1.
人文主义精神



分析
:



基本素质采分点。可译为
humanism spirit
。



2.
任何一个民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我们的眼里，这个
民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。



分析
:



中文句子结构比较松散，
在翻译成英文时我们要尽量使句子间有明显的逻辑
结构。这里“如果…”引导的分句可以作为条件从句前置或内嵌在主句中，“任
何一个民族”就可以做主 句的主语。

9
．截至
2005
年第三季度，全国劳动力市场供求状 况显示，我国
15
岁至
29
岁
的青年总体失业率达到了
9%
，远远高于
4.5%
的城镇平均登记失业率。而在此
之中，选择主动失业的占 到了一半以上。



“主动放弃就业机会的原因很多，
但这些人都 有一个共性，
就是不会因为经
济原因饿死。至少在短时间内。”复旦大学教授葛剑雄认为，社会 发展到现在，
一些青年人的确具备了可以失业的条件。
他们不用像上班族那样刻板地工作，可
是相比之下他们的生活却格外“富足”。



参考答案
:



Update to the third quarter of 2005,the supply and demand of the
whole nation's labor force market indicated that the overall
unemployment rate of our country's youth from the age of 15 to 29 was
up to 9%,which was much higher than 4.5% of the average rural area
register unemployment this group,the number of people
actively choosing to be unemployed was more than a half.


“
There are many reasons to give up the chance of employment,but
those people have a common feature that they do not starve for
economic reasons at least in a short period.
”
The professor Ge Jianxiong
of Fudan University thought that some young people indeed had the
conditions to be unemployed as the society develops to
do not need to work routinely like the office workers,but comparatively
their life was extremely
“
well-off
”
.


选择主动失业的占到了一半以上



分析
:



“选择主动失业”翻译为
:
“
choosing to be unemployed
”。

10
．湖泊奇妙无比。苍鹭
(H eron)
在岸边缓缓地迈着步子，翠鸟
(Kingfisher)
和
杜鹃换 脚着从阳光里飞入树荫，火鸡模样的大鸟在枯枝间忙碌，鹰在头上盘旋。
我们毋庸为时间担忧，
可以从容地欣赏周围的一切。
我乘坐的独木舟船头坐着个
男孩，他用简陋的弹弓
(sl ing)
发射石弹击打飞鸟。他摆出漂亮的架势瞄准飞鸟，
却一次又一次地偏离目标：
鸟总是飞出他的射程。
他把弹弓塞回进衬衣内。
我移
开目光。



湖水与河水都如热带雨林中的树叶那样乳浊：
那水是面纱，
是窗帘，
是画屏。



参考答案
:



This lake was amazing and plodded along the
shores,Kingfishers and cuckoos clattered from sunlight to shade,great
turkeylike birds fussed in dead branches,and hawks hovered above
was all the time in the we could appreciate
everything surrounding by boy in the bow of my canoe
slapped stones at birds with a simple sling,a rubber thong and leather
aimed brilliantly at moving targets,missed again and again;the
birds were out of his stuffed his sling back in his I
looked away.


The lake and river waters were as opaque as rainforest leaves;the
water was veil,blind,painted screen.


苍鹭
(He ron)
在岸边缓缓地迈着步子，
翠鸟
(Kingfisher)
和杜鹃换脚 着从阳光
里飞入树荫，火鸡模样的大鸟在枯枝间忙碌，鹰在头上盘旋。



分析
:



这个句子中描绘的五种动物动作的动词是翻译 重点，要选择最恰当的词汇。
11
。中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每 个民族都有其
独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素
的 影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、
粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜 系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的“八大
菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处 。



汉译英：



China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory
and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique
abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long- history
evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate,
cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential
and representative ones are Lu, Chuan
，
Yue, Min, Su
，
Zhe, Xiang and Hui
Cuisines, which are commonly known as
“
Eight Major Cuisines
”
. Dishes
in the
“
Eight Major Cuisines
”

in China are characterized by diversified
cooking skills, with each having its strong points
。

另外杜鹃，鹰为常用鸟的名字，译为
cuckoo,hawk
。

1 2
．
1936
年竺可桢授命出任浙江大学校长。在此之前，他已经是一位声名卓著的自然科学家了。从
1936
年到
1949
年，竺可桢当了十三年大学校 长。在连绵