tomb新视野大学英语(第三版)全部翻译答案

2021年1月21日发(作者：职责权限)
大学英语
1
Unti1
孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家 学派（
Confucianism
）的创始人，被尊称
为古代的“圣人”
（< br>sage
）
。


Confucius
was
a
great
thinker
and
educator
in
Chinese
history.
He
was
the
founder
of
Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient

他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》
（
The Analects
）一书中。

His words and life story were recorded in The Analects.
《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著 作，对后来历代的思想家、
文学家、
政治家产生了很大影
响。

An
enduring
classic
of
ancient
Chinese
culture,
The
Analects
has
had
a
great
influence
on
the
thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius.
不研究《论语》
，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。

Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional
Chinese culture.
孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。

Much of Confucius' thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence
on Chinese society.
在
21
世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人 的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的
重视。



In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also
wins an increasing attention from the international community.


Unti2
每

年

农

历（
Chinese
lunar
calendar
）八

月

十

五

是我

国

的

传

统

节

日

——

中

秋

节（
the Mid-Autumn Festival
）
。

According
to
the
Chinese
lunar
calendar,
August
15
of
every
year
is
a
traditional
Chinese
festival
—
the Mid-Autumn Festival.
这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。

This day is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid- Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn
Festival activities is to enjoy the moon.
夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。

On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the
bright moon and eating moon cakes.
中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。

The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from home will express their
feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival.
中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。

There
are
many
customs
to
celebrate
the
festival,
all
expressing
people's
love
and
hope
for
a
happy life.
自
2008
年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日


Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.

Unti3

中国航天业开创于
1956
年。
China's space industry was launched in 1956.
几十年来，中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。

Over the past decades, China's space industry has created one miracle after another.
1970
年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地 球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人
造地球卫星的国家。

In 1970 China launched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth country in the
world to independently develop and launch man- made earth satellites.
1992
年，中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程（
manned spaceflight program
）
。

In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight program.
2003
年，中国成功发射了

神舟五号

载人飞船，使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。

In 2003 China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. The successful launch made China the
third country to launch manned spaceships.
2007
年发射了
< br>嫦娥一号

，即第一颗绕月球飞行（
lunar- orbiting
）的人造卫星。

In 2007 Chang'e-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite was sent to space.
2013
年，第五艘载人飞船

神舟十号

发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下了基础。


In
2013
Shenzhou-10,
the
fifth
manned
spaceship,
was
launched
successfully,
laying
the
foundation for building the Chinese Space Station.


Unti4

郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（
maritime explorer
）
。

Zhen He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history.
公元
1405
年，明朝的统治者为了稳固边防（
border defense
）和开展海上贸易，派郑和下西
洋（
the Western Seas
）
。

In 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zhen He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order
to strengthen border defense and develop trade by sea.
在此后的
28
年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有
10
多万人，访问了
30
多
个国家和地区。

In the following 28 years, Zhen He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with
over 100,000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions.
船队纵横南亚、西亚，一直到非洲大陆。

The fleet traveled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of
Africa.
郑和下西洋是世界航海（
navigation
）史上的壮举，

Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world's navigation history.
它展现了郑和卓越的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威（
national strength and
prestige
）
，加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。

It showed ZhenHe's outstanding navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the
national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between
the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.

Unti5
太极拳（
Tai
Chi
）是一种武术（
martial arts
）项目，也是一种健身运动，在中国有着悠久的
历史。

Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as well. It has a long history in China.
太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、性别、体型的人练习。

With slow and gentle movements, Tai Chi is suitable for people of any age, sex, or body type to
practice.
太极拳既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中国人的喜爱。

It can be used to provide self-defense as well as build the body. Therefore, it has become very
popular among Chinese people.
太极拳在发展的过程中，借 鉴并吸收了中国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容（
element
）
，
成为 特色鲜明的一项运动。

During
its
development,
Tai
Chi
borrowed
and
absorbed
desirable
elements
from
traditional
Chinese
philosophy,
medicine,
and
martial
arts,
and
it
has
developed
into
a
sport
with
unique
features.
作为中国特有的一种运动形式，太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。

As
a
unique
sport
in
China,
Tai
Chi
is
also
gaining
increasing
popularity
among
many
foreign
friends.

Unti6
改革开放以来，中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。

Since
its
economic
reform
and
opening-up
to
the
world,
China's
education
has
gone
through
rapid development and made remarkable achievements.
中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教兴国（
revitalize
the
country
）
，全面提倡素
质教育

(quality-oriented education)
。

The
Chinese
government
gives
top
priority
to
the
development
of
education,
persists
in
revitalizing the country by science and education, and fully advocates quality-oriented education.
同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人有受教育的机会。

Meanwhile,
it
actively
promotes
equality
in
education
to
guarantee
everyone
access
to
education.
中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面：

China's achievements in education can be reflected in two different layers:
一个是全面普及了九年义务教育（
nine-year compulsory education
）
，

One is the popularization of the nine-year compulsory education;
另一个是实现了高等教育大众化（
mass higher education
）
。

the other is the realization of mass higher education.
教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。

The
development
of
education
has
made
significant
contributions
to
China's
economic
development and social progress.
近年来，为适应社会、经济发展的需要，

In recent years, to satisfy the needs of social and economic development,
中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。


TheChinese
government
has
sped
up
the
training
of
qualified
personnel
urgently
needed
in
various fields.
Unti7 为人诚信，以和为贵是中华民族的传统美德。

和

的思想体现在很多方面。
Integrity
and
harmony are traditional Chinese virtues.
在处理人与人的关系上，中国传统思想主张

和为 贵

以及

家和万事兴

，从而创造一个和谐
的社会环境 。
In
regard
to
interpersonal
relations,
traditional
Chinese
thoughts
hold
that

is
most
precious
and

family
that
lives
in
harmony
will
prosper
A
harmonious
social environment can be created based on these principles.
在人与自然的关系上，
人类应当学会认识自然，
尊重自然，
保护自然。
As for relations between
human beings and nature, people should learn to understand, respect and protect nature.
人与人、人与社会、人与自然都需要

和谐

。

Harmony is essential to interpersonal relations, relations between human beings and society, as
well as between human beings and nature.
如今，和谐发展依然是我们的治国之本和管理人才之道。

Nowadays,
harmonious
development
is
still
the
way
of
running
the
country
and
managing
talented personnel.
随着我国社会经济和文化的发展，

和

的思想更加深入人心。

With the development of China's society, economy and culture, the idea of
deeper into people's hearts.
中国正在向构建社会主义和谐社会的目标迈进。


China is on its way toward the goal of building a harmonious socialist society.
Unti8
新中国成立后，中国坚持（
persist in
）独立自主的和平外交政策，在外交领域取得了巨大成
就。

Since
the
founding
of
the
People's
Republic
of
China,
China
has
persisted
in
the
independent
foreign policy of peace, and made tremendous progress in foreign affairs.
截至
2011
年，中 国已与
172
个国家建立了外交关系（
diplomatic relations
）
。

By 2011, China had established diplomatic relations with 172 countries.
近年来，
随着中国综合国力的提升
（
enhance ment
）
，
中国在国际事务中的作用越来越重要，
中国的国际地位得到进一 步提升。

Over recent years, with the enhancement of its comprehensive national strength, China has been
playing an increasingly important role in international affairs, and China's international status has
been further enhanced.
在地区性事务中，
中国积极推动各 种区域合作，
为维护地区和平、
促进地区发展作出了重要
贡献。

In
regional
affairs,
China
actively
promotes
all
kinds
of
regional
cooperation.
It
has
made
important contributions in maintaining regional peace and promoting regional development.
中国外交（
diplomacy
）将高举

和平、发展、合作、共赢

的旗帜（
banner
）
，

China's
diplomacy
will
hold
high
the
banner
of

development,
cooperation
and
mutual
benefit
在和平共处五项原则的基础上，
通过全面发展 同各国的友好合作，
为建设持久和平、
共同繁
荣的和谐世界作出不懈的努力（
make unremitting efforts
）
。

On
the
basis
of
the
Five
Principles
of
Peaceful
Coexistence
and
through
all-round
and
friendly
cooperation
with
various
countries,
China
will
make
unremitting
efforts
to
build
a
harmonious
world of enduring peace and common prosperity.
BOOK 2
Unti 1

中国书法
(calligraphy)
是一门独特的艺术、是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。
Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world.
中国书法艺术的形成，发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。

The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence
and evolution of Chinese characters.
汉字在漫长 的演变发展过程中，
一方面起着交流思想、
继承文化的重要作用，
另一方面它本
身又形成了一种独特的艺术。

In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in
exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form.

书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活感受、学识、修 养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有
“字如其人”的说法。

Calligraphic
works
well
reflect
calligraphers'
personal
feelings,
knowledge,
self-cultivation,
personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that
like seeing the person

中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。


As one of the treasures of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world's
treasure house of culture and art.


Unti 2

近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大的成就。

In
recent
years,
with
the
development
of
Internet
technology,
the
construction
of
digital
education resources of our country has made great achievements.
很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作用。

Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing
an increasingly important role in education.

和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。

Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages.
一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；

On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible;
另一方面，
它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，< br>人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的
虚拟学校学习。

on the other hand, it expands the learner's study time and space to learn, allowing people to get
access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere.
这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。



These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.

Unti 3
孝道（
filial piety
）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（
code of ethics
）
。

Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society.
中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。

Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony, and the
nation's well-being.
由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心，它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。

With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese
society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years.
它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。

It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich
in content and wide in range.
它既有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（
institutional etiquette
）
。

It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes.
一般来说，它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。

Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society,
including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth.
孝道是古老的

东方文明

之根本。




Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient


Unti 4
农历七月初七是中国的七夕节

(Qixi Festival)
，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。

July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional
Chinese holidays.
一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。

Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their
lovers.
因此，七夕节被认为是中国的“情人节”
(Valentine's Day)
。

As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese
七夕节来于牛郎与织女（
Cowherd and Weaving Maid
）的传说。

The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid.
相传，每年的这个夜晚，天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。

The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with
Cowherd.
所以，在七夕的夜晚，人们可以看到牛郎织女在银河（
the Milky Way
）相会。

So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi.
姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧，以获得美满姻缘。

On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage.
但随着时代的变迁，这些活动正在消失，

But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing.
唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。



All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously
circulated among the folk.
Unti 5

丝绸之路（
Silk Road
）是我国古代一条 连接中国和欧亚大陆（
Eurasia
）的交通线路，由于这
条商路以丝绸贸易为主， 故称

丝绸之路

。

The Silk Road is a traffic route in the ancient times connecting China and Eurasia. This trade route
focuses on the trade of silk, hence the name

作为国际贸易的 通道和文化交流的桥梁，
丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展，
对世界文明进程有 着深远影响。


As
an
international
trade
channel
and
a
bridge
of
cultural
exchanges,
the
Silk
Road
effectively
improved the economic and cultural exchanges and development between the East and the West,
exerting a profound impact on the progress of the world civilization.

当前，在新的历史条件下，我国提出了

一带一路

（
One Belt, One Road
）
（即

丝绸之路经济
带
和

世纪海上丝绸之路

）的战略构想。

Nowadays, under the new historical circumstances, our country proposes the strategy of
Belt, One Road


一带一路

以合作共赢为核心，强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。

The strategy of
mutual benefits, win-win, as well as common development of the related countries.
这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。


Once proposed, the strategy has received positive responses from the related countries along the
road.

Unti 6
国民幸福指数（
National Happiness Index
，
NH I
）是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数，也是衡量一
个国家或地区经济发展、居民生活与幸福水平的 指标工具。

National Happiness Index (NHI) is an index that measures how happy people are. It is also a tool
that measures the levels of economic development and people's livelihood and happiness in a
country or region.

随着中国经济的高速增长，中国政府越来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。

With the fast growth of Chinese economy, the Chinese government has been paying more and
more attention to people's living quality and the increase of happiness index.
政府注重改善民生，
努力改善人民群众的经济状况，
满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。

The
government
stresses
improvement
of
its
people's
livelihood,
striving
to
improve
their
economic conditions and meet their growing material and cultural needs.
当前，中国政府提倡释放改革红利，让人民群众得到更多实惠。

Currently, the Chinese government advocates the unleashing of more reform dividends, with the
aim of offering more real benefits to its people.
所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。

All these measures will combine to effectively increase the NHI of our people.
Unti 7
中国是 丝绸的故乡，因而有很多与丝绸相关的艺术，刺绣（
embroidery
）就是其中的一种。

China is home to silk, thereby having a variety of arts related to silk, one of which is embroidery.
刺绣是中国民间传统手工艺之一，至少有两、三千年的历史。



Embroidery,
with
at
least
two
or
three
thousand
years
of
history,
is
one
of
the
Chinese
traditional folk arts and crafts.
从事刺绣的多为女子，因此刺绣又被称为

女红< br>
（
women's needlework
）
。

Since most embroiderers are women, it's also called
刺绣在中国受到了人们广泛的喜爱。

Embroidery has been much-loved by the Chinese people.
刺绣可用来装饰 衣物，如在衣服、被子、枕套（
pillowcase
）等物品上绣上美丽的图案，也
可制作成特别的饰品（
ornament
）
。

It can be used to beautify clothing and things. For example, clothes, quilts, pillowcases etc. can be
embroidered
with
beautiful
designs,
or
a
piece
of
embroidery
can
be
made
for
a
special
ornament.
中国有四大名绣
: < br>苏州的苏绣、广东的粤绣、湖南的湘绣以及四川的蜀绣。各种绣法不仅风
格有差异，主题也各有不 同。

There
are
four
most
famous
types
of
embroidery
in
China:
Suxiu
from
Suzhou,
Yuexiu
from
Guangdong,
Xiangxiu
from
Hunan,
and
Shuxiu
from
Sichuan,
each
having
its
own
style
and
theme.
在这其中，苏州的苏绣最负盛名。

Among the four, Suzhou embroidery has enjoyed the highest reputation.
Unti 8
新中国成立以来，特别是改革开放以来，中国政府在生态环境
(eco- environmental)
保护方面
做出了大量努力，取得了有效进展。

Since the founding of New China, especially since the economic reform and door-opening to the
world, the Chinese government has made considerable efforts in eco-environmental protection
and achieved effective progress. 政府采取了一系列保护和改善生态环境的重大举措，
譬如积极推进重点生态工程，
加强生态
系统建设
(ecosystem)
及生物多样性保护
(biodiversity
conservation)
，建立了一批自然保护区
(nature reservation)
、生态示范区
(ecological demonstration zones)
、风景名胜区和森林公园。

The government has taken a series of important measures to protect and improve the ecological
environment,
such
as
actively
promoting
key
ecological
projects,
enhancing
ecosystem
construction
and
biodiversity
conservation,
establishing
a
number
of
nature
reservations,
ecological demonstration zones, scenic spots and forest parks.

加强生态环境的保护和建设，
实现人与自然和谐相处，
是构 建社会主义和谐社会
（
harmonious
society
）的重要目标之一。

One of the important goals of building a socialist harmonious society is to strengthen ecological
protection and construction and to achieve harmony between man and nature.
环境保护和生态文明建设为中国经济、社会的可持续发展提供了坚实的基础。

Environmental
protection
and
ecological
civilization
construction
have
provided
a
solid
foundation for the sustainable development of China's economy and society.