genetic新视野大一英语1-6单元课后翻译和课后习题

2021年1月21日发(作者：iack)
U1
孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、
教育家，
是儒家学派
（
Confucianism
）
的创始人，
被尊称为古代的“圣人”（
sag e
）
。他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》
（
The Analects）
一书中。
《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产 生
了很大影响。不研究《论语》
，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，< br>尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。在
21
世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅 受
到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。

Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He
was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an
ancient
An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a
great
influence
on
the
thinkers,
writers
and
statesmen
that
came
after
Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand
the
thousands-of-
years'
traditional
Chinese
culture.
Much
of
Confucius’
thought,
especially
his
thought
on
education,
has
had
a
profound
influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not
only
retains
the
attention of
the
Chinese,
but
it
also
wins
an
increasing
attention from the international community.
U2
每年农历
（
Chinese
lunar
calendar
）
八月十五是我国的传统节日

——

中秋节
（
the
Mid-Autumn Festival
）。这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活
动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃 月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远
在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思 念之情。中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着
人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自
2008
年起 ，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日。

According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is
a traditional Chinese festival --- the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the
middle
of
autumn,
so
it
is
called
Mid-Autumn.
One
of
the
important
Mid-Autumn
Festival
activities
is
to
enjoy
the
moon.
On
that
night,
people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up
at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for
family
reunion.
People
living
far
away
from
home
will
express
their
feelings of
missing their
hometowns
and families at this
festival.
There
are
many
customs
to
celebrate
the
festival,
all
expressing
people’s
love
and
hope
for
a
happy
life.
Since
2008
the
Mid- Autumn
Festival
has
become an official national holiday in China
U3
中国航天业开创于
19 56
年。
几十年来，
中国航天事业创造了一个又一个奇迹。
1970
年，中国成功发射了第一颗人造地球卫星，成为世界上第五个独立自主研制和发射人造地
球卫星的国家。
1992
年，
中国开始实施载人航天飞行工程
（
manned
spaceflight
program
）
。
2003
年 ，
中国成功发射了“神舟五号”载人飞船，
使中国成为第三个发射载人飞船的国家。
2 007
年发射了“嫦娥一号”，即第一颗绕月球飞行（
lunar-orbiting
）的人造卫星。
2013
年，第五艘载人飞船“神舟十号”发射成功，为中国空间站的建设打下 了基础。

China’s space industry was launched in 1956. Over the past decades,
China’s
space
industry
has
created
one
miracle
after
another.
In
1970
China launched its first man-made earth satellite, ranking China the fifth
country
in
the
world
to
independently
develop
and
launch
man-made
earth satellites. In 1992 China began to carry out the manned spaceflight
program. In 2003 China launched Shenzhou-5, a manned spaceship. The
successful
launch
made
China
the
third
country
to
launch
manned
spaceships. In 2007 Chang’e
-1, the first lunar-orbiting man-made satellite,
was
sent
to
space.
In
2013
Shenzhbou-10,
the
fifth
manned
spaceship,
was launched successfully, laying the foundation for building the Chinese
Space Station.



U4
郑和是中国历史上最著名的航海家（
maritime
explorer
）
。公元
1405
年，明朝的
统治者为了稳固边防
（
border
defense
）
和开展海上贸易，
派郑和下西洋
（
the
Western
Seas
）
。
在此后的
28
年里，郑和带领船队七下西洋，前后出海的人员有
10
多万人，访问了
30
多
个国家和地区。
船队纵横南亚、
西亚，
一直到非洲大陆。
郑和下西洋是世界航海
（
navigation
）
史上的壮举，它展现了郑和 卓越的航海和组织才能，同时展现了明朝的国力和国威
（
national strength and prestige
）
，加强了明朝和海外各国之间的关系。

Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history.
In 1405 AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to
the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade
by
sea.
In
the
following
28
years,
Zheng
He
led
his
fleet,
made
seven
voyages to the Western Seas with over 100,000 crew members in total,
and visited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet traveled far into
South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to the continent of Africa.
Zheng He’s voyages to the Western Seas
were
a great feat in the world’s
navigation
history.
It
showed
Zheng’s
outstanding
navigation
and
organization
talents;
meanwhile,
it
exhibited
the
national
strength
and
prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between
the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries
U5
太极拳（
Tai
Chi
）是一种武术（
martial
arts
）项目，也是一种 健身运动，在中国
有着悠久的历史。太极拳动作缓慢而柔和，适合任何年龄、性别、体型的人练习。太极 拳
既可防身，又能强身健体，因而深受中国人的喜爱。太极拳在发展的过程中，借鉴并吸收
了中 国传统哲学、医术、武术的合理内容（
element
）
，成为特色鲜明的一项运动。 作为中
国特有的一种运动形式，太极拳也越来越受到众多外国朋友的喜爱。

Tai Chi is a kind of martial arts, and a fitness exercise as well. It has
a
long
history
in
China.
With
slow
and
gentle
movements,
Tai
Chi
is
suitable
for
people
of
any
age,
sex,
or
body
type
to
practice.
It
can
be
used to provide self-defense as well as build the body. Therefore, it has
become very popular among Chinese people. During its development, Tai
Chi borrowed and absorbed desirable elements from traditional Chinese
philosophy, medicine, and martial arts, and it has developed into a sport
with unique features. As a unique sport in China, Tai Chi is also gaining
increasing popularity among many foreign friends.



U6
改革开放以来，中 国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。
中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教 兴国（
revitalize the country
）
，全面提
倡素质教育

（
quality-oriented education
）
。同时，积极 推进教育公平，保障人人有受
教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面：一个是全面普及了九 年义务教育
（
nine-year compulsory education
）
，另一个是实现了高等教育大众化（
mass higher
education
）
。教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近 年来，为适应
社会、经济发展的需要，中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。

Since
its
economic
reform
and
opening-up
to
the
world,
China's
education
has
gone
through
rapid
development
and
made
remarkable
achievements.
The
Chinese
government
gives
top
priority
to
the
development of education, persists in revitalizing the country by science
and education, and fully advocates quality-oriented education. Meanwhile,
it actively promotes equality in education to guarantee everyone access to
education.
China's
achievements
in
education
can
be
reflected
in
two
different
layers:
One
is
the
popularization
of
the
nine-year
compulsory
education;
the
other
is
the
realization
of
mass
higher
education.
The
development
of
education
has
made
significant
contributions
to
China's
economic development and social progress. In recent years, to satisfy the
needs of social and economic development, the Chinese government has
sped
up
the
training
of
qualified
personnel
urgently
needed
in
various
fields.








University students
come from different parts of the country with various purposes.
However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to
1)
them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) 2)
for
learning, those who wish to 3)
no definite purpose.


a bright future, and those who learn with
Firstly,
there
are
many
students
who
learn
simply
because
they
4)
their
goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are
keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a
new
program,
5)
programs 6)

Secondly,
there
are
students
who
work
hard
mainly
for
a
better
and
more
7)
future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After
knowledge
day
and
night,
because
they
find
some
computer
, and they dream of becoming a

admission to the university, they read books after books to 8)
from all of the resources which are 9)
the future job market.


to them, and finally, to succeed in
Thirdly,
there
are
still
some
students
who
learn
without
a
clear
goal.
They
take
courses,
finish
homework,
enjoy
life
on
campus,
but
don't
want
to
10)
anything
new
or
challenging.
They
have
no
idea
what
they
will
be
doing after college. And they may end up with nothing in their lives.