metropolitan任务型阅读试题及答案百度文库

2021年1月21日发(作者：蓝衫)


一、高中英语任务型阅读

1
．
Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each
sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.


If
you
shower
before
bed,
you've
probably
wondered
whether
sleeping
with
damp
hair
is
a
problem. Maybe you've heard it could make you sick, or that it can damage your hair or skin.


What's
the
truth?
Let's
address
the

can
make
you
sick
myth
first.

says
Dr.
William Schaffner, a professor of medicine. While this idea persists, Schaffner says it was long ago
disproved.
It's
true
that
you're
much
more
likely
to
catch
a
common
cold
during
the
winter
months. But this has to do with the ways
respiratory
(
呼吸的
) viruses spread, he says.

________ Illness-causing bacteria and viruses don't appear naturally, and so you're not going to
make
yourself
ill
by
getting
your
pillow
a
little
damp
at
night,
Schaffner
says.
But
there
is
a
possible exception. Some research has shown that pillows
—
especially those made with synthetic
materials
—
can
contain
asthma-
or
allergy-triggering molds

(
哮喘或致敏菌
)
and fungus,
which
tend
to
do
well
in
damp
environments,
and
so
do
dust
mites,
says
Dr.
Payel
Gupta,
a
spokesperson for the American Lung Association.

Gupta says there's no evidence that people who sleep with wet hair experience more allergy or
asthma
symptoms.
________ But
if
you
wake
up
with
a
stuffy
nose,
itchy
or
watery
eyes,
breathing
problems
or
other
allergy
or
asthma
symptoms
—
or
even
if
you
don't
—
you
should
wash your pillow cases and sheets in hot water at least once a week to reduce your exposure to
any potential
irritants
(
刺激物
).

When it comes to the health of your hair and skin, there may be a few other reasons to worry
about
wet
hair.

it's
thought
not
to
be
good
for
hair
to
sleep
with
it
wet,
says
Dr.
George Cotsarelis, a professor of
dermatology
(
皮肤病学
),

It's also worth noting that almost anything you do to your hair
—
from brushing and blow-drying
it to coloring it or exposing it to the sun
—
can damage it.

A. Hence, any concerns about wet hair are theoretical.

B. In some cases, wet hair may actually be a helpful sleep aid.

C. Over time, it can lead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine.

D. There may be some mild risks associated with going to bed with wet hair.

E. Another wet-hair
rumor
(
谣传
) is the idea that harmful bacteria will colonize your pillow.

F. This idea seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and wet will cause
you to come down with a cold.

【答案】
F
；
E
；
A
；
C

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人们普遍认为湿着头发睡觉不利于健康，但是
毫无科学依据，但湿头 发睡觉对头发有不利影响。


（
1
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后
“While
this
idea
persists,
Schaffner
says
it
was
long
ago
dispr oved.”
可知，尽管这个观点仍然存在，但是很久之前就被证明是错
误的，

F. This idea seems to fit into the old bit of custom that getting yourself chilled and
wet will cause you to come down with a cold.

“
这个观点似乎和旧的观念相融合，这一观念
认为感受到冷和湿润很可能会感冒
”
，承接下文，切题，故选
F
。


（
2
）考查对 上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后
“Illness
-causing
bacteria
and
viruses
don't appear naturally, and so you're not going to make yourself ill by getting your pillow a little
damp at night, Schaffner says.”
可知，致病病菌不会自然 出现，因此，不用因为打湿了一点枕
头就觉得会感冒，
E.
Another
wet-hair

rumor

(
谣传
)
is
the
idea
that
harmful
bacteria
will
colonize
your
pillow.

“
关于湿头发的谣言就是细菌会占满你的枕头
”< br>，后文对这个观点进行
了反驳，切题，故选
E
。


（
3
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前
“Gupta
says
there's
no
evidence
that
people who sleep with wet hair experience more allergy or asthma symptoms”
可知，没有证据
表明因为湿头发睡觉更有可能过敏或者风湿症状，

A. Hence, any concerns about wet hair
are
theoretical.

“
因此，任何关于湿头发的担忧都是理论上的< br>”
，没有实际意义，开启下
文，切题，故选
A
。


（
4
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前
“Generally , it's thought not to be good
for hair to sleep with it wet”
可知，一般说来，湿头发睡觉对头发不好，

C. Over time, it can
lead to breakages, as well as a loss of shine.

“
长时间这样的话，头发容易 断，无光泽
”
，
承接上文，切题，故选
C
。


【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。


2
．
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一 个最恰当的单
词。

注意
:
每个空格只填
1
个单词。


The urge to share our lives on social media

People have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or
even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one
lives.
In
the
18th
and
19th
centuries,
as
diaries
became
more
popular,
middle-class
New
Englanders,
particularly
white
women,
wrote
about
their
everyday
lives
and
the
world
around
them.

These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires,
but
rather
a
place
to
chronicle
(
记录
)
the
social
world
around
them.
The
diaries
captured
the
everyday
routines
of
mid-19th-century
life,
and
women
diarists
in
particular
focused
not
on
themselves but on their families and their communities.

Diaries
today
are,
for
the
most
part,
private.
But
things
were
different
for
these
New
England
diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way
of maintaining kin (
血缘
) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to
sit down and go through one's journal together.

Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with
others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means
of creating traces (
痕迹
) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our
behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.


Sharing
everyday
life
events
can
strengthen
social
connection
and
intimacy
(
亲密感
).
For
example, you take a picture of your child's first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone:
the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and
proudly
sharing
it
further
reaffirms
(
再次证实
)
one
as
a
good
and
attentive
parent.
In
other
words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.


Today's
social
media
platforms
are, by
and
large, free
to
use,
unlike
historical
diaries,
which
people
had
to
buy.
Today,
advertising
subsidises
(
补贴
)
our
use
of
networked
platforms.
Therefore
these
platforms
encourage
use
of
their
networks
to
build
larger
audiences
and
to
better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified
—
that is, they are used
to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.


Instead
of
social
media merely
connecting
us,
it
has
become
a
craze (
狂热
)
for
information,
continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity
—
it's someone's birthday,
someone
liked
your
picture,
etc.
There's
a
multibillion-dollar
industry
pulling
us
into
our
smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.

The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism (
自恋
).


Social
media
of
all
kinds
not
only
enable
people
to
see
their
reflections,
but
to
feel
their
connection as well.

Passage outline

Supporting details

?

People
kept
________to
understand
themselves
and
the
world
they
live in.

Features
________media

of
?
Middle- class Englanders, especially white women diarists focused on
their families and communities.

?
It was common for young married women to ________their diaries
with family members or friends.

?
We have long used media to partly show ________we are and what
________of media

we have experienced in our lives.

?
Sharing daily life events can make family members ________to each
other.

?
Today's social media platforms can be used for ________.

?

Private
data
about
us


are
used
as
________through
targeted
Present
situation
of
advertising.

media

?
Social media are trying to draw more people in by ________to their
need for communication.

Conclusion

People are greatly interested in the use of social media for narcissism
and social ________.

【答案】
early/primitive
；
diaries
；
share
；
Functions/Purposes/ Benefits
；
who
；
close/closer
；
free/nothing
；
commodities
；
catering< br>；
connection/communication

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了早期的和现代社交媒体的特点和影响。


（
1
）考查信息归纳。根据第一段中的
“Long
before
mobile
phones
or
even
photograp
hy
，
diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”
可知，早在手
机和摄影出现以前，日记是人们了解自己和世界的方式，在 手机和摄影出现以前的方式属
于早期（最初）的媒体，故填
early/primitive< br>。


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Long
before
mobile
phones
or
even
photography
，
diaries were kept as a way to u
nderstand oneself and the world in which one lives”
可知，在手机
和摄影出现以前，人们通过日记来了解自己和世界，故填< br>diaries
。


（
3
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Diaries today are, for the most part, private”
及
“When
family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal
together.”
可知，现在，日记是很私人的东西，但在那时，已婚的年轻女性与家人和 朋友分
享自己的日记是很平常的事情，故填
share
。


（
4
）考查信息概括。根据第四段中的
“Diaries are not the only media that people have used
to document lives and share them with others.”
及第五段中的
“Sharing everyday life events can
strengthen
social
connection
and
intimacy”
等信息可知，这两段主 要介绍了社交媒体的好处
（功能
/
目的），故填
Functions/Pur poses/Benefits
。


（
5
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“We create traces as part of our identity and part of our
memory .”
可知，我们创造痕迹作为我们身份和记忆的一部分，也就是说，我们一直通过社
交媒体来展 示我们是谁以及我们在生活中经历了什么，故填
who
。


（
6
）考查细节归纳。根据第五段中的
“Sharing
everyd
ay
life
events
can
strengthen
social
connection and intim acy”
可知，分享日常生活中的事情可以加强社会联系和亲密感，也就是
说可以使家庭成员之 间的关系更亲密，故填
close/closer
。


（
7
）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的
“Today's social media platforms are, by and large, free
to use ”
可知，现在的社交媒体平台都是免费使用，故填
free/nothing
。


（
8
）
考
查
信
息
归
纳
。
根
据
第
六
段
中
的
“Our
pictures,
our
posts,
and
our
likes
are
commodified
—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising. ”
可知，我们的图片、帖子、喜好都是商品化的，它们 被用来通过越来越有针对性的广告来
创造价值，也就是说我们的私人数据通过定向广告被用作商品，故填
commodities
。


（
9
）考查信息归纳。根据倒数第二段中的
“Instead
of
so
cial
media
merely
connecting
us,
it
has become a craze (
狂

热
) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of
social connectivity
—it's someone's birthday, someone liked your picture, etc.”
可知，社交媒体不
再只是把我们联系在 一起，它已经成为一种对信息的狂热，不断地试图用社交连接来吸引
我们
——
有人过生 日、有人喜欢你的照片等等，也就是说社交媒体通过迎合我们的需要来
吸引我们，故填
cate ring
。


（
10
）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的
“Social media of all kinds not only enable people to
see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.”
可知，社交媒体会让人们感受到他们
与外界的交流与联系，人们对此很感兴趣，故 填
connection/communication
。


【点 评】本题考点涉及细节理解，信息归纳和信息概括三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅
读，要求考生准确掌 握细节信息，并，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。


3
．
阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。


After we all came to the conclusion that our family could responsibly care for dog; my husband
and I started our search at a local animal shelter.

We discovered a medium-sized male dog named Duke. This dog was a approximately only two
years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He looked at us through intelligent eyes
and already knew how to fetch a ball. My husband and I immediately adopted him Duke quickly
fit into our family's lifestyle. And he quickly learned the tricks like

But there was one skill that Duke could not seem to grasp---that of a watchdog. My husband
was trying to teach him to remind us by giving a single warning bark when someone came into
the yard. Duke would listen carefully to my husband's commands, but would cock
（竖起）
his
head
to
one
side
in
confusion
and
disappointment
as
if
to
tell
his
master
that
he
just
didn't
understand
what
my
husband
was
asking
him
to
do.
My
husband
would
give
his

command. Duke would stand up--- muscles tightened in readiness, but would not have a clue as
to what he was in readiness for.

One morning we heard the garbage collectors come up the driveway to get our garbage.

My husband went to the open bedroom window so Duke could hear and see the men through
the screen.


comprehension dawned on him, gave a quick tail wave, and leaped through the window screen
jumping happily out to greet the garbage men.

Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter did nothing for my husbands mood when he
found what was happening and he just went away to repair the screen with no expression on his
face.

Duke brought our family so much fun. We never scolded or beat him. He was one of our family
members.

（
1
）
What was Duke like when the author adopted him? (no more than 10 words)

（
2
）
What did the author's husband expect Duke to do as a watchdog? (no more than 15 words)

（
3
）
What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 5? (no more than 10 words)

（
4
）
How did the author and her husband feel about Duke's leaping through the window? (no
more than 10 words)

（
5
）
How do you think people should treat their pets? (no more than 20 words)

【答案】

（
1
）
It was medium-sized, young, sweet and intelligent.

（
2
）
To remind them by giving a single warning bark when someone came into the yard.

（
3
）
Suddenly Duke understood his master's command/intention/thoughts.

（
4
）
The author was amused while her husband feet calm about it.

（
5
）
I think people should love their pets and have fun with them instead of abusing them.

Or: I think people should love their pets and treat them as the family members.

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者收养宠物狗
D uke
以后所发生的故事。


（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“We discovered a medium
-sized male dog named Duke.
This dog was approximately only two years old and seemed to have the sweetest character. He
looked at us through intelligent eyes and already knew h
ow to fetch a ball.”
可知，当作者收养
Duke
时，他中等大小的身 材、年轻、可爱且聪明。故答案为
It
was
medium- sized
，

young
，
sweet and intelligent.


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“And he quickly learned the tricks like ‘sit’
，
‘stay’
，
and
‘come’”.
和第三段中的
“But there was one skill that Duke could not seem to grasp
—
that of a
watchdog.”
可
知
，
Duke
被
作
者
的
家
庭
收
养
后
学
会
了
“sit”
，
“stay”
，
“come”
和

“be
a
watchdog”
，故答案为
Duke learned how to “sit”
，
“stay”
，
“come” and “be a watchdog”.


（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的
“gave a quick tail wave, and leaped through the window
screen, jumping happily out to greet the
garbage men.”
它很快地摇了摇尾巴，从窗玻璃里跳出
来，高兴地跳出来 迎接收垃圾的人。可知，
Duke
突然明白了主人的命令
/
意图
/< br>想法。故答
案为
Suddenly Duke understood his master's command/intention/thoughts.


（
4
）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的
“Seeing that, I couldn't help laughing. My laughter
did nothing for my husband's mood when he found what was happening and he just went away
to repair the screen with no expression on his face.”
看到这 ，我忍不住笑了。当我丈夫发现发
生的事情时，我的笑声并没有影响他的情绪，他只是离开去修理屏幕， 脸上没有任何表
情。可知，
Duke
从窗户跳出来时作者被逗乐了，而她的丈夫对此却 感到很平静。故答案为
The author was amused while her husband felt calm about it.


（
5
）开放性试题。如何对待宠物？我认为人们应该爱他们的宠物，和他们一起玩，而不
是虐待他们。

或者
:
我认为人们应该爱他们的宠物，把他们当作家庭成员。故答案为
I think people should
love their pets and have fun with them, instead of abusing : I think people should love
their pets and treat them as the family members.


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词 义猜测和开放试题四个题型的考查，是一
篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知 识和词汇知识，做出正确
答案。


4
．
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。



I
have
some
gray hairs.
Do
l
dare
to
count
them?
Just
the
fact
that
I
have enough
to
count
scares me, and turns getting old into a reality. I'm certainly getting older. We all are. But why does
it have to happen so quickly?

We just celebrated my birthday. I say
kids, any excuse for ice cream and cake is a celebration. I'm not sure if to me it was a thing to
celebrate, though. I like the special attention that birthday bring, but I don't wait for them 364
days of the year like my children do. For them, another number means more privileges and more
things that they get to do. For an adult, another number means fewer things. that you can do,
like

I went with my children to the old-age home near my apartment building. We walked inside
the door. The contrast between my preschoolers full of energy and the old women siting in the
wheelchair by the door made me lost in thought. Not so long ago, I was a bouncing preschool like
my children. Not so long ago, there women were the mothers of small children. Fifty years ago,
they were me, and in fifty years, I could be them. The visit, like my birthday, served as a reality
check.
will never get it back,


This
is
also
what
I
want
to
leave
behind
to
my
children.
I
decide
to
try
to
start
just
by
not
complaining. In any difficult situation, I will try to find the good things about it, no matter how
small the good things might be.

（
1
）
What does the author like about birthdays?
（
no more than 10 words
）


（
2
）
Besides having an excuse for ice cream and cake, why do the author's children like birthday?
（
no more than 12 words.
）


（
3
）
What does the underlined word
（
I word
）


（
4
）
What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
（
no more than 10 words
）


（
5
）
What does birthday mean to you? Please explain why.
（
no more than 2 words.
）


【答案】

（
1
）
She likes the special attention that birthdays bring

（
2
）
Because they can get more privileges and more things to do.

（
3
）
Energetic.

（
4
）
Try to find good things however difficult the situation is

（
5
）
Open.

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，生日意味着什么？不同的人对此有不同的诠释。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“though. I like the special attention that birthday bring”
可知
,
她喜欢生日带来的特别关注。故答案为
She
likes
the
special
attention
that
birthdays
bring.


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“For th
em, another number means more privileges and
more things that they get to do.”
可知
,
除了借口冰淇淋和蛋糕
,
作者的孩子喜欢生日是因为他
们可以得到更多的特权
,
做更多的事情。故答案为
Because
they
can
get
more
privileges
and
more things to do.


（
3
）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的
“The
contrast
between
my
preschoolers
full
of
en
ergy
and the old women siting in the wheelchair by the door made me lost in thou ght.”
我那些精力充
沛的学龄前儿童和坐在门口轮椅上的老妇人之间的对比让我陷入了沉思 。和

“Not
so
long
ago”
不久前
,
可知划线词的意思是

充满精力的

。故答案为
Energetic.


（
4
）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的
“In
any
difficult
situation,
I
will
try
to
find
the
good
t
hings about it, no matter how small the good things might be.”
在任何困难的情况下
,
我将试着找到好东西
,
无论多么小的好事。故答案为
Try
to
find
good
things
however
difficult
the
situation is.

< br>（
5
）开放题。此题是

生日对你意味着什么

这应该是 因人而变。故答案为
Open.


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜 测，段落大意和开放题四个题型的考查，是一篇
生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的 逻辑关系，进行推理，概括，归
纳，从而做出正确答案。


5
．
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be used
only
once. Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
need.

________ According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to
18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year
the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day,
and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.


________
Babies
need
a lot
of
rest:
most
of
them
sleep
about 18
hours
a
day! Adults
need
about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal. But the new National Sleep
Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess
what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.


with more homework, the Internet and the phone,
at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited
and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. ________ Changing levels of body chemicals
called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it
hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.

Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start
high school classes later than they used to. ________ Students parents and teachers are pleased
with the results.

A. How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.

B. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.

C. Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.

D. what homework waiting for kids might always affects them sleep well every night.

E. Raising the minimum sleep is identified as a key way to help solve the problem.

F. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am.

【答案】
C
；
A
；
B
；
F

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们正常需要的睡眠时间，以及孩子们睡
得晚的原因，以及一些 学校采取的措施。


（
1
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后
”51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed
at
10
pm
or
later
on
school
nights,
even
though
they
have
to
get
up
early.
Last
year
the
Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and
15% said they had fallen asleep at sc hool.“51%
的
10-18
岁的美国孩子学习日睡得晚起得早，
7-< br>12
岁的孩子中，
60%
白天会犯困，
15%
甚至在学校睡着 ，可知，本段主要讲述美国孩子睡
眠不足的情况，
C. Ge
tting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kid s.”
睡得少已
经成为大多数美国孩子的坏习惯
“
可以作为本段的主题句。故 选
C
。


（
2
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后
”Babies
need
a
lot
of
rest:
most
of
them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours.“
婴儿需要大约
18
小时睡眠，< br>学生需要
10
小时睡眠，成人需要
8
小时睡眠，与
A. How much sleep you need depends a lot
on
your
age.”
你的睡眠时间由年龄决定
“
承接自然，符合逻 辑。空格下文讲述的内容概括起
来就是，不同年龄段的人需要的睡眠时间不一样。故选
A
。


（
3
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
B.
Other
experts
say
part
of
the
problem
is
chemical.”
其他专家说 化学物质可能是其中部分问题
“
与空后
”Changing
levels
of
body
chemicals
called
hormones
not
only
make
teenagers'
bodies
develop
adult
characteristics,
but
also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.“
荷尔蒙 这种化学物质水平的改变不
仅让孩子身体发展出成年的特征，还让他们在晚上
11
点之 前难以入睡，承接自然，符合语
言逻辑。选项提到化学物质，下文解释这种化学物质会对孩子造成什么影 响，即它所带来
的问题。故选
B
。


（
4
）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前
”some school districts have decided to
start high school classes later than they used to. “
一些美国学区把上课时间延迟，与
F. Three
years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am.”3
年
前，明尼苏达州，伊代 纳地区的学校把上课时间从
7
：
25
延迟到
8
：
3 0“
承接自然，选项是
举例说明上文所提到的把上课延迟的政策。故选
F
。< br>

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。


6
．
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。


Top 3 Self-Discipline Techniques

Self-discipline is the key to leading a healthier, happier and more successful life,________. We
have
shared
some
self-discipline
techniques
below.
Follow
these
self-discipline
techniques
to
start living a better life.


⑴
Start small

The journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step as the proverb goes.________. Instead,
stamina (
耐力
) is built up by doing a little more than the previous day's target.

The same goes for discipline. Start by trying to carry out self-discipline techniques little by little
every day for big results. Increase your goals over time.


⑵
________

Staying self-disciplined requires motivation. It can be hard to stay motivated if you feel like you
haven't made any progress so far. Tracking progress makes you aware of how much you've done
and encourages you to keep going.


⑶
Exercise your willpower

________. Some days, sticking to the task is going to be difficult but by reminding yourself of
the
end
in
mind
and
how
much
the
goal
means
to
you,
you
will
be
able
to
ignore
temporary
temptations for long term gain.

The above-mentioned self- discipline techniques have been proven to be extremely effective.

________, and it is the key to living a happy and fulfilling life.

A. Build a support system

B. Measure your goals

C. Willpower and self- discipline go hand in hand

D. Self- discipline is a feature found in many successful people

E. Self-discipline is linked to effective time management

F. However, it is easier said than done

G. You don't train for a marathon by running 10 kilometers on the first day

【答案】
F
；
G
；
B
；
C
；
D

【解析】
【分析】本文介绍三大自律的技巧。

A. Build a support system
建立一个支持系统。

B. Measure your goals
测评你的目标。

C. Willpower and self-discipline go hand in hand
意志力和自律相辅相成。

D. Self-discipline is a feature found in many successful people
自律是在很多成功人士身上都能
找到的特征。

E. Self-discipline is linked to effective time management
自律和有效的时间管理有联系。

F. However, it is easier said than done
然而说起来容易做起来难。

G. You don't train for a marathon by running 10 kilometers on the first day
你不会在第一天跑
10
公里来训练马拉松。


（
1
）根据上文提示自律是通向更健康、更快乐、更成功生活的关键。下文提示我们在 下
面分享一些自律技巧。承接上下文，
However,
it
is
easier
said
than
done
切题，该项中的However
表示该句与上文构成转折关系，故选
F
。

< br>（
2
）根据上文提示千里之行
,
始于足下。下文说相反耐力是通过比前 一天的目标多做一点
来建立的。承接上下

文
You don't train for a marathon by running 10 Kilometers on the first day
切题，下文中的
Instead
表示前后句是一

种转折关系，故选
G
。


（
3
）本题为 标题选择。本段主要说保持自律需要动机，但是如果你很久没有取得进步你
就很难保持动力。追踪系统让 你知道你做了多少，鼓励你坚持下去。此处的
tracking
progress
应该指的是对你目标的测评，故选
B
。


（
4
）根据本段小标题
Exercise your willpower (
锻炼你的意志力
)
再根据下文提示有时候，
坚持完成任务是很困难的 ，但是通过提醒自己目标的意义和目标对你的意义，你就可以忽
略暂时的诱惑而获得长期的利益。可知< br>C
项
Willpower and self-discipline go hand in hand.
切
题，故选
C
。


（
5
）上文提示上述自律技巧已被证明是非常有效的。再根据下文提示这是快乐充实生活
的关键。 承接上下文
D
项
Self- discipline is a feature found in many succesful people.
切题，故
选
D
。


【点评】在做七选五时一定要 注意
and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreo ver/in
addition/what's
more
等词汇、固定结构的运用

。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作
用。像
but(
但是
)
、
however
(
然而
)
表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对

。同时还要注
意选项中代词的指代和小标题选择时是对段落的总结。


7
．
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。


At the age of forty-
five, my usually well-
ordered life became full of changes. After twenty-
two
years of working in a bank, a plan to use less staff led to the unemployment of over one hundred
people. Unluckily, I was one of them.

My once secure future became uncertain. However, I was not a single parent, so the family did
not depend only on my income and my husband can support the family. My motto has always
been,

as bad luck, but as a welcome chance. I refused to become sorry; instead, I actively planned to do
something new and different.


Having
a
positive
attitude
made
all
the
difference
in
the
way
I
pursued
the
future.
First,
I
decided to return to college and graduate many years later than I should have. Doing this at my
age took more than a little courage. Not being a graduate had never held me back in my career in
the bank, but now it's a personal goal I longed to achieve. With a lot of determination, I went to
evening classes and became an adult student. In the class, I became more and more confident.
During this time, I realized that no matter what life throws in our way, nothing can
hinder our
personal growth.

The second thing I did to improve my inner self was to reevaluate my past life. It used to be
filled with endless, and sometimes meaningless events. But now, my heart and life are completely
around people I care for.

The loss of my job led to some positive changes in my life. Revisiting the past made room for
the future. I realize that I have accepted the change, and am making the most of it.

（
1
）
What made the author lose her job? (no more than 10 words)

（
2
）
What did the author do after the unemployment? (no more than 15 words)

（
3
）
How do you understand the underlined word in Paragraph 3? (no more than 3 words)

（
4
）
How would you describe the author in terms of personalities? (no more than 5 words)

（
5
）
What's your attitude towards the
words)

【答案】

（
1
）
The bank's plan to use less staff. Or: Less staff in the bank.

（
2
）
Return to college and reevaluate her past : Return to college and devote more time
to her beloved people.

（
3
）
stop/ prevent; prohibit /forbid

（
4
）
She is optimistic and determined. Or: She is active and adaptable.

（
5
）
I will accept the changes and try my best to live a positive life. Or: I will make use of every
chance to be successful in my life.

【解析】
【分析】本 文是一篇记叙文，生活中充满了变数
,
作者用自己的经历告诉我们要接
受并善于利用这 些改变。


（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的

plan
to
use
less
staff
led
to
the
unemployment
of
over one hundred people. Unluckily, was one of them.
可知
,
银行的裁员计划让作者失业了
,
故
填
The bank's plan to use less staff. /Less staff in the bank.


（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的

及第四段中的

second thing I did to improve my inner self was to reevaluate my past life.
可知
,
失业后
,
作者回
到大学并重新评估自己过去的生活
,
故填
Return
to
college
and
reevaluate
her
past
life
。
/Return to college and devote more time to her beloved people.


（
3
）考查句义猜测。根据画线词后的

personal
growth
可知
,
无论生活给我们带来了什
么（变化）
,
没有什么能阻碍我们的个人成长
,
由此可知画线词词义为

阻碍

故填
stop/
prevent; prohibit /forbid
。


（
4
）考查概括归纳。根据第二段中的

welcome chance. I refused to become sorry; instead, I actively planned to do something new and
diffe rent.
可知
,
作者把失业看作一个好机会而不是坏运气
,
拒绝难 过
,
积极地去做一些新的、
不同的事情
,
下文又说作者回到大学并重 新评估过去的生活
,
由此可见
,
作者积极、乐观、有
决心并且适应能 力强
,
故填
She is optimistic and determined./She is active and adaptable.


（
5
）考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的

loss
of
my
job
led
to
some
positive
changes
in
my life.
及< br>
可知
,
我会接受生活中的
变化并积极地生活
,
故填< br>I will
accept
the
changes
and
try
my
best
to
live
a
positive
life./I
will
make use of every chance to be successful in my life.


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测，概括归纳和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一
篇故事 类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，
概括和归纳，从而做出 正确答案。


8
．
根据短文内容
,
从短文后的选 项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。


When big news breaks, it's easy to get caught up in following the story online. The Internet can
be a place to find useful information. ________ Helping kids understand the news and how to
separate fact from fiction is an important job for parents and educators.


Here's
some
advice
that
parents
can
offer
kids
to
help
them
be
quicker
to
judge
as
they
consume news online.


________
In
the
rush
to
cover
stories,
reporters
make
mistakes,
officials
don't
always
have
correct information and tidbits (
八卦新闻
) that sound reasonable often get passed around before
anyone has checked them for accuracy.

Use social media wisely. Some say Twitter is a great source of news in the first few minutes of a
tragedy.
________
On
the
other
hand,
Facebook
can
be
a
great
way
to
connect
with
friends
affected by events in the news and to spread personal news within a more limited circle.

Be skeptical. ________ After the Boston Marathon bombing, NBC Sports reported that some
runners kept running all the way to the hospital to donate blood for the victims. Not true. There
are plenty of websites devoted to exposing false news stories. The Washington Post also has a
Fact Checker column that delivers claims made by public officials and politicians. Visit them to
find out if a story is true.

Keep it age-appropriate. Kids aren't always ready to digest big, tragic news - especially if the
news is about kids, such as school shootings or abuses. The constant repetition of information
can be confusing for younger kids, and at the beginning of a news event, parents might not be
able to offer any correct answers. ________

A. Remember, breaking news is often wrong.

B. It also can be the source of misinformation.

C. If something sounds too good to be true, it probably is.

D. Make sure you and your kids aren't falling victim to false news.

E. However, after that it just becomes messy and largely inaccurate.

F. With social media at your fingertips, it's convenient to express your opinion.

G. Kids who are eager to learn more about certain events can check kid-guided news sources.

【答案】
B
；
A
；
E
；
C
；
G
< br>【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些父母可以提供给孩子的建议，这些
帮助他们在网上阅读新闻时更快地做出判断。


（
1
）上文提示< br>“
互联网是一个可以找到有用信息的地方。
”
承接上文，
B
项
It also can be the
source
of
misin formation.
（它也可能是错误信息的来源。）切题。此处
also
将上下文 连接
在一起。故选
B
。