hereby跨文化交际名词术语解释

2021年1月21日发(作者：vsn)

跨文化交际名词术语解释


1.

Globalization is considered as a process of increasing involvment in international business
operations.



经济学视角中的全球化表现为不断增加的国际商务往来过程。



2.

Macroculture
:The
term
macroculture
implies
losing
ethnic
differences
and
forming
one
large society.
宏观文化意味着种族差异的消失和一个大社会的形成。


3.

Melting
pot
means
a
sociocultural
assimilation
of
people
of
different
backgrounds
and
nationlities.

熔炉
:
不同背景和国籍的人们之间的社会文化的同化。


4.

Microcultures:cultures within cultures
微观文化：文化中的文化


5.

Intercultural
communication
refers
to
communication
between
people
whose
culture
perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.

跨文化交际
:
指拥有不同文化认知和符号体系的人文之间进行的交际。


6.

Culture
is
a
learned
set
of
shared
interpretations
about
beliefs,values,and
norms,which
affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people.
文化是习得的一套关于信仰，价值观，规范的公认的解释，这些信仰，价值观，规范对
相当大人类群体的行为产生影响。



7.

Culture identity refers to one
’
s sense of belonging to a particular culture or ethnic group.

文化身份：指有意识地把自己归为某一特定文化或种族群体。


8.

Subculture are formed by groups of people
possessing characteristic traits that set apart
and distinguish them from others within a larger society or dominant culture.

亚文化
:
具有能在更大的一个社会范围内或主流文化中 使自己有别于他人的特点的人
类群体所形成的文化。


9.

Subgroup
are
groups
with
the
dominant
culture
does
not
agree
and
with

which
it
has
communication problems.

亚群体
:
与主流文化不一致，并与主流文化有交际障碍的交际群体。



10.

Rules may refers to socially agreed-on behavior or to individual guidelines for behavior.

规则
:
社会认同的行为或行为的个体原则。


11.


Norms
are
culturally
ingrained
principles
of
correct
and
incorrect
behaviors
which,
if
broken carry a form of overt or covert penalty.
规范指的是正确和不正确行为根深蒂固的文化原则，这种不正确的行为一旦发生，就
意味着一种显性或隐性的处罚。


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12.

Enculturation is the socialization process you go through to adapt to your society.

社会文化适应：人们学习适应自己所在社会的文化的社会化过程。


13.

Acculturation refers to an individual
’
s learning and adopting the norms and values of the
new host culture.
文化适应：人们学习适应新文化的社会规范和价值观的过程。


14.

分隔和隔离
separation and segregation refer to maintaining one
’
s original culture and not
participating in the new culture.

在文化适应过程中保留了原有文化，完全没有接受和习得新文化。


15.

融合
Integration takes place when individuals become an integral part of the new culture
while maintaining their cultural integrity integration ensures a continuity of culture.



在文化适应中人们成为新文化的一部分，同时又保留了自己文化的完整性。


16.

同化
Assimilation is the degree to which an individual relinquishes an original culture for
another
.when
individuals
are
assimilated
into
a
mainstream
culture,they
lose
their
previous culture.



人们放弃原有文化，接受新文化的程度一旦被主流文化同化，人们就失去了原有的文化。


17.

边缘化
Marginalization
or
deculturation,
refers
to
losing
one
’
s
cultural
identity
and
not
having
any psychological
contact
with
the
larger
societ y.
人们不仅失去自己原有的文化身
份，而且与广大社会失去了心理联系。

18.

文化震荡
Culture
shock
refers
to
the
traumatic
experience
that
an
individual
may
encounter when entering a different culture.
人们在进入一种新文化环境时，遭遇的痛苦和
难忘的经历。
















19.

信息源
source is the person with an idea he orshe desires to communicate.
是具有交际需要和愿望的具体的人。


20.

编码
encoding is the process of putting an idea into a symbol.



是指将思想转换成代码的行为过程。


21.

信息
message is the resulting object.
是交流的内容，编码的结果

。

22.

渠道
channel
是信息传递的手段。


23.

干扰
noise
指任何会曲解信息源所要表达的信息的事情。


24.

解码
decoing
信息接收者在积极参与交流的过程中对 所接收到的符号信息赋予意义的过
程。

25.

反馈
feedback
指信息接收者的反应被信息源所了解的那一部分反应。


26.

情境
context
交际发生的环境并且有助于解释交际内容的含义。


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