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rinse河北省衡水市武邑中学高考英语任务型阅读专题复习(专题训练)doc

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2021-01-21 06:10
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2021年1月21日发(作者:蒲福风级)


一、高中英语任务型阅读

1

请认真阅读下 列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单
词。


Decoding the young brain


There
was
a
funny
experiment
to
see
how
a
young
child
would
answer
a
specific
question
compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the
child, “What do you think about me

” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult
performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think
you're
a
very
interesting
person.”
Even
if
the
adult
f
elt
the
same
way
as
the
child,
his
brain
allowed him to take a moment

consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could
have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite.

The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected
in
the
fact
that
his
brain
wasn't
equipped
to
filter(
过滤
)
information
before
answering
the
question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However,
the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows
into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes.

The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(
神经元
). In order for our body to execute a
command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain
have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch
and help us remember things.

When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(
感觉
) the person feels is excitement
about
eating
a
cookie
because
it
is
so
delicious.
Later,
if
that
person
smells
a
cookie
or
hears
someone
talking
about
a
cookie,
it
can
spark
the
electrical
signals
that
call
up
the
memory
of
eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies
can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(
冲动

), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences.

That is becau
se when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure
and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is
why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to
tell their children
over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many
times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens



To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults
to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be
because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared
for any kind of answer.

Decoding the young brain

An


experiment
on
a
young
A young child answered the question ________ the top of his
child

head
while
an
adult
paused,


and
________twice
before
he
found an answer.

Causes


of
in
the
The


developing
brain
of
the
young
child
contributed
to
his
the
honest answer.


He
was
more
likely
to
hurt
or
offend


others
________ he
didn't intend to do so.


It's
just
the
way
his
brain
works
and

with
him
growing
up,
that changes.

Billions


of
neurons
________up
the
human
brain
have
their
own mechanism for functioning.


The neurons have to communicate with each other, helping
us employ our senses and remember things.


A
person
may
________ the
smell
of
a
cookie
with
the
memory of eating it.


A younger brain is more impulsive compared with an adult's.

A young child's having a natural ________ to seek pleasure and
take risks results from his young brain.


This
affects
his
decision- making


process
and
it
is
why
younger people act in an impulsive way.


Warned
many
times
before,
a
young


child
will
still
try
something ________ or risky.

________ reflected
experiment

A conclusion drawn from the
An adult's ability to control his impulses is much ________ and
experiment

a
young
child
is
not
________ being
naughty
when
they
make
hurtful or offensive answers.

【答案】

off

thought

pheno menon

although/though

making
;< br>associate

Tendency

dangerous

stronger/greater

necessarily

【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,说明了小孩子说一些伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不是
故意为之,而是因为儿童的大脑还没有发育完全,不具备在回答问题前过滤信息的功能导
致的。



1
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第一段
“‘What do you think about me

’ The child answered,
‘You
talk
too
much.’”
可知,对于提出的问 题,孩子的回答总是答非所问,脱离话题。故填
off“
脱离;离开




2
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第一段中的
“his
brain
allowed
him
to
take
a
moment

consider the question, and come up with an answer”
可知孩子得出答案前总是会考虑再三。且< br>实验已经发生在过去,故填一般过去时
thought




3
)考查信息归纳的能力。第一段通过实验引出后文中分析造成这种现象的原因,故填
phenomenon




4
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第二段
“As
a
result,
he
was
honest,
but
he
said
something
that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult;”
可知虽然孩
子会说一些伤人 的话,但是他们并不是有意的。故第四题填连词
although/though“
虽然;尽管





5
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第三段中的
“The
human
brain
is
made
up
of
billions
of
neurons”
可知数十亿的神经元组成了人类 的大脑。本句已经存在非谓语动词
have
,故
make
做非谓语与逻辑主语 构成主谓关系,故填
making




6
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第三段中的
“They also help us employ our senses like taste
and
touch
and
help
us re
member
things.”
可知神经元通过味觉或者触觉帮助我们记住事物,
故一个人可能会把饼干的 味道和吃饼干的记忆联系起来。故填
associate
。(
7
)考查信息归
纳的能力。根据第五段中的
“That is because when a child is young, his brain is ‘wired’ in such a
way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult.”
孩子的大脑就会以一


连线

的方式来寻找快乐,并且比成年人更愿意冒险。故可知一个年幼的孩子有一种寻
求快 乐和冒险的自然倾向,这是由他幼小的大脑决定的。故填
tendency“
倾向;趋势





8
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据第五段

“Sometimes parents have to tell their children over
and
over
again
before
the
child
remembers
that
something
is
dangerous
or
risky.
How
many
times have we hea
rd a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens
!< br>”
可知即使父
母警告过多次,孩子还是会去尝试危险和冒险的食物。故填
dan gerous




9
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据最后一段中的
“what we know about the young brain is that
children
are
more
likely
than
adults
to
be
impulsive.”
可知成年人比小孩子控制冲动的能力更
强、更 好。故填
stronger

greater




10
)考查信息归纳的能力。根据最后一段
“It isn't always necessarily because they are being
naughty; it may very well be because of their brains.”
可知因为大脑构造的关系,小孩子说一些
伤人的、冒犯性的语言并不一定总是 因为淘气。故填
necessarily



【点评】本题涉及信 息归纳的能力的考查,要求考生准确掌握所给材料,根据上下文的逻
辑关系,结合相关的语法知识和词汇 知识,从而做出正确答案。


2

阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。


At the age of forty-
five, my usually well-
ordered life became full of changes. After twenty-
two
years of working in a bank, a plan to use less staff led to the unemployment of over one hundred
people. Unluckily, I was one of them.

My once secure future became uncertain. However, I was not a single parent, so the family did
not depend only on my income and my husband can support the family. My motto has always
been,

as bad luck, but as a welcome chance. I refused to become sorry; instead, I actively planned to do
something new and different.


Having
a
positive
attitude
made
all
the
difference
in
the
way
I
pursued
the
future.
First,
I
decided to return to college and graduate many years later than I should have. Doing this at my
age took more than a little courage. Not being a graduate had never held me back in my career in
the bank, but now it's a personal goal I longed to achieve. With a lot of determination, I went to
evening classes and became an adult student. In the class, I became more and more confident.
During this time, I realized that no matter what life throws in our way, nothing can
hinder our
personal growth.

The second thing I did to improve my inner self was to reevaluate my past life. It used to be
filled with endless, and sometimes meaningless events. But now, my heart and life are completely
around people I care for.

The loss of my job led to some positive changes in my life. Revisiting the past made room for
the future. I realize that I have accepted the change, and am making the most of it.


1

What made the author lose her job? (no more than 10 words)


2

What did the author do after the unemployment? (no more than 15 words)


3

How do you understand the underlined word in Paragraph 3? (no more than 3 words)


4

How would you describe the author in terms of personalities? (no more than 5 words)


5

What's your attitude towards the
words)

【答案】


1

The bank's plan to use less staff. Or: Less staff in the bank.


2

Return to college and reevaluate her past : Return to college and devote more time
to her beloved people.


3

stop/ prevent; prohibit /forbid


4

She is optimistic and determined. Or: She is active and adaptable.


5

I will accept the changes and try my best to live a positive life. Or: I will make use of every
chance to be successful in my life.

【解析】
【分析】本 文是一篇记叙文,生活中充满了变数
,
作者用自己的经历告诉我们要接
受并善于利用这 些改变。



1
)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的

plan
to
use
less
staff
led
to
the
unemployment
of
over one hundred people. Unluckily, was one of them.
可知
,
银行的裁员计划让作者失业了
,


The bank's plan to use less staff. /Less staff in the bank.



2
)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的

及第四段中的

second thing I did to improve my inner self was to reevaluate my past life.
可知
,
失业后
,
作者回
到大学并重新评估自己过去的生活
,
故填
Return
to
college
and
reevaluate
her
past
life

/Return to college and devote more time to her beloved people.



3
)考查句义猜测。根据画线词后的

personal
growth
可知
,
无论生活给我们带来了什
么(变化)
,
没有什么能阻碍我们的个人成长
,
由此可知画线词词义为

阻碍

故填
stop/
prevent; prohibit /forbid




4
)考查概括归纳。根据第二段中的

welcome chance. I refused to become sorry; instead, I actively planned to do something new and
diffe rent.
可知
,
作者把失业看作一个好机会而不是坏运气
,
拒绝难 过
,
积极地去做一些新的、
不同的事情
,
下文又说作者回到大学并重 新评估过去的生活
,
由此可见
,
作者积极、乐观、有
决心并且适应能 力强
,
故填
She is optimistic and determined./She is active and adaptable.



5
)考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的

loss
of
my
job
led
to
some
positive
changes
in
my life.
及< br>
可知
,
我会接受生活中的
变化并积极地生活
,
故填< br>I will
accept
the
changes
and
try
my
best
to
live
a
positive
life./I
will
make use of every chance to be successful in my life.


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,句义猜测,概括归纳和观点态度四个题型的考查,是一
篇故事 类阅读,要求考生准确掌握所给材料,根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,
概括和归纳,从而做出 正确答案。


3

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。


Top 3 Self-Discipline Techniques

Self-discipline is the key to leading a healthier, happier and more successful life,________. We
have
shared
some
self-discipline
techniques
below.
Follow
these
self-discipline
techniques
to
start living a better life.



Start small

The journey of a thousand miles starts with a single step as the proverb goes.________. Instead,
stamina (
耐力
) is built up by doing a little more than the previous day's target.

The same goes for discipline. Start by trying to carry out self-discipline techniques little by little
every day for big results. Increase your goals over time.



________

Staying self-disciplined requires motivation. It can be hard to stay motivated if you feel like you
haven't made any progress so far. Tracking progress makes you aware of how much you've done
and encourages you to keep going.



Exercise your willpower

________. Some days, sticking to the task is going to be difficult but by reminding yourself of
the
end
in
mind
and
how
much
the
goal
means
to
you,
you
will
be
able
to
ignore
temporary
temptations for long term gain.

The above-mentioned self- discipline techniques have been proven to be extremely effective.

________, and it is the key to living a happy and fulfilling life.

A. Build a support system

B. Measure your goals

C. Willpower and self- discipline go hand in hand

D. Self- discipline is a feature found in many successful people

E. Self-discipline is linked to effective time management

F. However, it is easier said than done

G. You don't train for a marathon by running 10 kilometers on the first day

【答案】
F

G

B

C

D

【解析】
【分析】本文介绍三大自律的技巧。

A. Build a support system
建立一个支持系统。

B. Measure your goals
测评你的目标。

C. Willpower and self-discipline go hand in hand
意志力和自律相辅相成。

D. Self-discipline is a feature found in many successful people
自律是在很多成功人士身上都能
找到的特征。

E. Self-discipline is linked to effective time management
自律和有效的时间管理有联系。

F. However, it is easier said than done
然而说起来容易做起来难。

G. You don't train for a marathon by running 10 kilometers on the first day
你不会在第一天跑
10
公里来训练马拉松。



1
)根据上文提示自律是通向更健康、更快乐、更成功生活的关键。下文提示我们在 下
面分享一些自律技巧。承接上下文,
However,
it
is
easier
said
than
done
切题,该项中的However
表示该句与上文构成转折关系,故选
F


< br>(
2
)根据上文提示千里之行
,
始于足下。下文说相反耐力是通过比前 一天的目标多做一点
来建立的。承接上下


You don't train for a marathon by running 10 Kilometers on the first day
切题,下文中的
Instead
表示前后句是一

种转折关系,故选
G




3
)本题为 标题选择。本段主要说保持自律需要动机,但是如果你很久没有取得进步你
就很难保持动力。追踪系统让 你知道你做了多少,鼓励你坚持下去。此处的
tracking
progress
应该指的是对你目标的测评,故选
B




4
)根据本段小标题
Exercise your willpower (
锻炼你的意志力
)
再根据下文提示有时候,
坚持完成任务是很困难的 ,但是通过提醒自己目标的意义和目标对你的意义,你就可以忽
略暂时的诱惑而获得长期的利益。可知< br>C

Willpower and self-discipline go hand in hand.

题,故选
C




5
)上文提示上述自律技巧已被证明是非常有效的。再根据下文提示这是快乐充实生活
的关键。 承接上下文
D

Self- discipline is a feature found in many succesful people.
切题,故

D



【点评】在做七选五时一定要 注意
and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreo ver/in
addition/what's
more
等词汇、固定结构的运用

。它们连接了上下文,起着承上起下的作
用。像
but(
但是
)

however
(
然而
)
表示转折,这说明前后的内容相反或相对

。同时还要注
意选项中代词的指代和小标题选择时是对段落的总结。


4

任务型阅读




they're given after all. Choices
can be hard.

I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was
growing at 2300 percent per year. I'd never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the
idea
of
building
an
online
bookstore
with
millions
of
titles
was
very
exciting
to
me.
I
had
just
turned 30, and I'd been married for a year. I told my wife that I wanted to quit my job and go to
do this crazy thing that probably wouldn't work since most start-ups don't and I wasn't sure what
to
expect.
She
told
me
I
should
go
for
it.
As
a
young
boy,
I
had
been
a
garage
inventor.
I
had
always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.


I
was working
at
a
financial
firm
in New
York
City
with
a
bunch
of
very
smart
people
and a
brilliant
boss
that
I
much
admired.
I
went
to
my
boss
and
told
him
that
I
wanted
to
start
a
company
selling
books
on
the
Internet.
He
took
me
on
a
long
walk
in
Central
Park

listened
carefully to me and finally said,

but it would be an even
better
idea
for
someone
who
didn't
already
have
a
good
job.
That
logic
made
some
sense
to
me

and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in
that light, it really was a difficult choice

but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn't
think
I
would
regret
trying
and
failing.
And
I
suspected
that
I
would
always
be
haunted
by
a
decision to not try at all.

After much consideration, I took the less secure path to follow my passion, and I'm proud of
that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.


1

What inspired the author to start Amazon 16 years ago? (No more than 15 words)


2

How did the author's wife respond to his crazy idea of building an online bookstore? (No
more than 10 words)


3

What
was
the
attitude
of
the
author's
boss
towards
his
starting
a
company
online?
(No
more than 10 words)


4

What's
your
understanding
of
the
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph?
(No
more
than 15 words)


5

What is the most important factor when you make your career choice? Give your reasons.
(No more than 20 words)

【答案】


1

The
fact
that
the
Internet
usage was
growing
sharply
/
fast
per year.
That
the
Internet usage was growing at 230 percent per year./The fact that more and more people were
using the Internet.


2

She responded by telling me to go for it / my dream. She wanted / inspired me to follow my
passion.


3

He
thought
it
a
good
idea
but
unsuitable
for
me./He
didn't
support
his
idea
(to
start
a
company online)./He wasn't in favor of his idea (to start a company online). He held a negative
attitude towards his idea.


4

For all of us, our choices decide / determine who we are finally. For all of us, our choices
determine what we get finally./For all of us, our choices have a great effect on our life / future
finally.


5

Interest,
without
which
I
can't
devote
myself
to
the
career
and
overcome
the
challenge./Better career prospects. (A good pay.) I hope to choose a career that can lead me to a
bright future.

【解析】
【分析】本文是 一篇记叙文,作者
16
年看到互联网的迅猛增长因此有了创办亚马
逊的想法,对此想法 作者的妻子表示支持作者追求自己的梦想和激情,而作者的老板则持
反对态度,最终作者选择了一条不太 安全的道路来追寻我的激情,作者也为自己的选择感
到自豪。



1
)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
”I
came
across
the
fact
that
the
Internet
usage
was
growing at 2300 percent per year. I'd never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the
idea o
f building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me.“
我发现互联
网的 使用率以每年
230%
的速度增长。我从来没有见过或听说过任何东西发展得这么快,而
建立一个拥有数百万种图书的网上书店的想法让我非常兴奋。可知促使作者在
16
年前创办< br>了亚马逊是因为互联网的使用正以每年迅猛的速度增长,互联网使用率以每年
230
个百 分
点的速度增长以及越来越多的人使用互联网的事实。故答案为
The
fact
that
the
Internet
usage was growing sharply / fast per year. That the Internet usage was growing at 230 percent
per year./The fact that more and more people were using the Internet.




2
)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
”She
told
me
I
should
go
for
it.
As
a
young
boy,
I
had
been a garage inventor. I had always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my
passion.“
她告诉我应该去。当我还是个小男孩的时候,我就是一个车库发明家。我一直想< br>成为一名发明家,她希望我追随自己的激情。可知作者的妻子对他建立网上书店的疯狂想
法是告诉 作者去追求自己的梦想和激情。故答案为
She responded by telling me to go for it /
my dream. She wanted / inspired me to follow my passion.




3
)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
”He
took
me
on
a
long
walk
in
Central
Park

listened
carefully
to
me
and
finally
said,’That
sounds
like
a
really
good
idea

but
it
would
be
an
even
better idea for someone who didn't already have a good job.‘”< br>他带我在中央公园散步了很长一
段时间,仔细地听我说,最后他说
:“
这听起来 真是个好主意,但对那些还没有找到好工作
的人来说,这是个更好的主意。

可知作者 的老板对作者的想法是个好主意,但不适合作
者,老板持反对态度。故答案为
He
thought
it
a
good
idea
but
unsuitable
for
me./He
didn't
support his idea (to start a company online)./He wasn't in favor of his idea (to start a company
online). He held a negative attitude towards his idea.




4
)考查句义猜测。根据最后一段中的
“After much consideration, I took the less secure path
to follow my passion, and I'm proud of that choice.”< br>可知经过深思熟虑,作者选择了一条不太
安全的道路来追寻自己的激情,也为自己的选择感到自豪 。作者的选择决定了作者最终会
得到什么,对他的生活或未来也有很大的影响。故可推测划线句子的意思 是:对于我们所
有人来说,我们的选择最终决定了我们是谁,决定了我们最终会得到什么,最终对我们的
生活
/
未来有很大的影响。故答案为
For all of us, our choices decide / determine who we are
finally. For all of us, our choices determine what we get finally./For all of us, our choices have a
great effect on our life / future finally.




5
)这是一道开放性题目,要求 说出自己选择职业时最重要的因素是什么,答案言之有
理即可。可以说重要因素是个人兴趣、职业前景等 等。故可答
Interest, without which I can't
devote myself to the career and overcome the challenge./Better career prospects. (A good pay.) I
hope to choose a career that can lead me to a bright future.


【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断, 句义猜测和开放性四个题型的考查,是一篇
故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握所给材料,同时根据上下文的 逻辑关系,进行分析,推
理,概括和归纳,从而写出正确答案。


5

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑 。选项中有两项为多余选项。


If you're a gamer who's constantly glued to your phone, it could be time to ask for medical help.

On June 18, 2018, the World Health Organization

WHO

officially listed “gaming disorder” as
a mental health condition. ________


“Video gaming is like a non
-financial kind of gambling
(赌博)
from a psychological point of
vi
ew,” Mark Griffiths, a professor from Nottingham Trent University in the UK, told the Associated
Press

AP

. “Gamblers use money as a way of keeping score, while gamers use points.”


________“People need to understand this doesn't mean every child who sp
ends hours in their
room
playing
games
is
an
addict,
otherwise
doctors
are
going
to
be
flooded
with
requests
for
help,” Joan Harvey, a spokeswoman for the British Psychological Society, told AP
.


________ For
example,
a
21-year-old
Chinese
woman
surnamed
Wu
in
Guangdong
province
went
blind
in
one
eye
after
playing
the
mobile
game
King
of
Glory
for
a
whole
day.
“On
days
when I have no work, I usually get up at 6 am, eat breakfast and play until 4 pm,” she told the
South China Morning Post. “Then I'll eat
something, have a nap
(小睡)
and play until 1 am.”

Wu isn't alone. According to a study published by China Youth Daily, about one in five young
Chinese people play online video games for at least four to five hours per day. ________ In April,
the Ministry of Education issued a notice asking Chinese schools and parents to prevent students
from becoming addicted to the Internet and games.

Other countries have also taken action. ________ Meanwhile, in Japan, some mobile phones
have a special mode for children that lets their parents control what games they can download
and how long they can play.

A. This means it's now on the same list as other mental illnesses.

B. Thankfully, measures have been taken to deal with the problem.

C. We often see people around us playing games on their mobile phones.

D. In South Korea, children are forbidden to play video games after midnight.

E. WHO's main work is to improve the mental health of individuals and society.

F. But if you lose control over your gaming habits, you'll face serious problems.

G. However, it doesn't matter if you play your favorite game now and then.

【答案】
A

G

F

B

D
< br>【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。根据《中国青年报》发表的一项研究,大约五分之
一的中国年轻人每天至少玩四到五个小时的网络游戏。值得庆幸的是,已经采取了措施来
解决这个问题。 如果你是一个经常沉迷于手机的游戏玩家,那么是时候寻求医疗帮助了。



1
)上文提示
“2018

6

18

,
世界卫生组织
(
世卫组织
)

游戏障碍
作为心理健康状况
正式上市。

承接上文,
A


This means it's now on the same list as other mental illnesses.“

意味着它现在和其他精神疾病在同一个名单上。
切题。故答案选
A




2
)上 段最后一句提示

赌徒用金钱作为记分的一种方式,而游戏玩家则用分数。

下文
提示

人们需要明白,这并不意味着每个花钱在他们的房间里玩几个小时的游戏的 孩子是一
种瘾,否则医生将会收到大量的求助请求。

承接上下文,
G

However, it doesn't matter if
you
play
your
favorite
game
now
and
then.
(然而,你是否偶尔玩你最喜欢的游戏并不重
要。)切题 。该项中的
However
表示一种转折关系,故答案选
G




3
)下文提示

例如,广东省一名
21
岁的吴女士在玩了一整天的

荣耀之王

手机游戏后,
一只眼睛失 明了。

承接下文,
F

But if you lose control over your gaming habits, you'll face
serious
problems.
(但是如果你不能控制你的游戏习惯,你将面临 严重的问题。)切题。故
答案选
F




4)上文提示

根据《中国青年报》发表的一项研究,大约五分之一的中国年轻人每天至少玩四到五个小时的网络游戏。

再根据下文提示

今年
4月,教育部发布通知,要求中国
的学校和家长防止学生沉迷于网络和游戏。

承接 上下文,
B

Thankfully,
measures
have
been taken to deal with the problem.< br>(值得庆幸的是,已经采取了措施来解决这个问题。)
切题。故答案选
B



5
)上文提示

其他国家也采取了行动。

再根据下文提示

与此同时,在日本,一些手机
为孩子们提供了一种特殊 的模式,让他们的父母可以控制他们可以下载什么游戏,可以玩
多长时间。

承接上下 文,
D

In South Korea, children are forbidden to play video games after
midnight.< br>(在韩国,孩子们被禁止在午夜之后玩电子游戏。)切题。故答案选
D



【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤

1
)分析选项,串联主题:了解文章的主题、大意,会让解题的方向更明确。
2
)研究空格
前后,对比选项,选择答案。

3
)复读短文,核对答 案:为了保证答案的正确性,一定要
把答案代入原文,进行核对检查。


6

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单
词。


注意:每个空格只填
1
个单词。

The changes facing fast-food companies


Fast
food
was
once
thought
to
be
recession-proof.
When
consumers
need
to
cut
spending,
cheap
meals
like
Big
Macs
and
Whoppers
become
even
more
attractive.
As
a
result,
fast-food
chains have survived the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at
full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6%, but total sales remained about the same
at
fast-food
chains.
In
some
markets,
such
as
Japan,
France
and Britain,
total
spending
on
fast
food increased.


But
in
this
ongoing
recession(
萧条
),
which
is
more
severe,
not
all
fast-food
companies
have
been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In the recession, while some
people
trade
down
to
fast
food,
many
others
eat
at
home
more
frequently
to
save
money.
Smaller
fast-food
chains
in
America,
such
as
Jack
in
the
Box
and
Carl's
Jr.,
have
been
hit
particularly hard in this downturn because they cut back spending on advertising.

In face of such challenges, some fast-food companies have sacrificed their own profits by trying
to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping to tempt
more
customers
through
the
door.
But
in
many
cases
that
strategy
doesn't
work.
Some
companies are rethinking their strategies. KFC has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around
$$5 to attract consumers away from $$1 specials.


Companies
are
also
trying
to
get
customers
to
buy
new
and
more
items,
including
drinks.
McDonald's
started
selling
better
coffee
as
a
challenge
to
Starbucks.
Its
“McCafe”
line
now
accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. As fast-
food companies shift from “super size”
to
“more buys”, they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast
as
a
big
opportunity,
and
not
just
for
fatty
food.
McDonald's
has
started
selling
porridge
in
America, because the profits can be high.


But
what
about
those
growing
waistlines?
So
far,
fast-food
firms
have
cleverly
avoided
government regulation. By providing options like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at
least
given
the
impression
of
doing
something
about
helping
to
fight
obesity(
肥胖
).
These
offerings don't necessarily lead to profit loss, as they can broaden the appeal of stores to groups
of diners that include some people who don't want to eat a burger.


But
calls
for
tougher
government
regulation
never
wear
down.
This
year
Congress
passed
America's health- reform bill, which requires restaurant chains with 20 or more stores to put the
calorie-content
of
items
they
serve
to
the
menu.
And
the
recent
proposal
by
a
county
in
California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-
calorie “Happy Meals”, because law
makers believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests that fast-food companies will have
to continue trying something new.

The changes facing fast-food companies



________

________

________

________

________

________

________

____
____

________

________





survivors/competitors/businesses/companies
;< br>appeals

instead

decreased/reduc ed/less

Strategies/Measures/Approaches/Sol utions/Ways

high/higher

added

profitable

healthy/healthier

c reative/innovative/flexible/adaptable

【 解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了快餐公司在经济衰退中面临的挑战以及他们
所采取的 对策,同时指出随着更严格的食品法的实施,快餐公司应变得更有创造性。



1
)考查名词。根据第一段中的
“As
a
result,
fast
-food
chains
have
survived
the
recession
better than their more expensive competitors.”
快餐连锁店在经济衰退中比 那些价格更高的竞






























survivors/competitors/b usinesses/companies




2
)考查动词。根据第一段中的
“When
consumers
need
to
cut
spending,
cheap
meals
like
Big
Macs
and
Whoppers
become
even
more
attr active.”
可知,在经济衰退期间,便宜的快餐
更吸引消费者,
appeal to
表示

吸引

,故填
appeals




3
)考查固定搭配。根据第二段中的
“In the recession,
while some people trade down to fast
food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money.”
可知,在经济衰退期间,很多
人为了 省钱选择在家吃饭而不是出去吃,
insead of
表示

代替、而不是< br>”
,故填
instead




4
)考查形容词。根据第二段中的
“Smaller
fast
-food
chains
in
America,
such
as
Jack
in
the
Box
and
Carl's
Jr.,
have
been
hit
particularly
hard
in
this
downturn
because
they
cut
back
spending
on
advertising.

可知,小 型的快餐公司在经济衰退中受到更沉重的打击是因为它
们削减了广告开支,修饰名词
spend ing
用形容词,表示

更少的、被削减的

,故填
dec reased/reduced/less




5
)考 查名词。第三、四段介绍了快餐公司为了应对这些挑战所采取的对策,故填
Strategies/Me asures/Approaches/Solutions/Ways




6
)考查形容词。根据第三段中的
“Some companies are rethinking their strategies. KFC has
launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $$5 to attract consumers away from $$1 specials.”
可知,一些快餐公司重新考虑他们的战略,像肯德基就推出了一款售价
5,
美元的鸡肉三明< br>治以吸引消费者放弃
1
美元的特价,与
1
美元的特价相比,他们的商品 的价格是较高的,
故填
high/higher



(< br>7
)考查名词。倒数第三段举麦当劳卖咖啡和早餐粥为例证明快餐公司的食谱中增加一
些 新食品来保持较高的客流量,故填
added




8
)考查形容词。根据倒数第三段中的
“McDonald's has started selling porridge in America,
because the profits can be high.”
可知,麦当劳卖早餐粥是因为它的利润更大,此 处用形容词
作表语,故填
profitable




9
)考查形容词。根据倒数第二段中的

So
far,
fast-food
firms
have
cleverly
avoided
government regulation. By providing options like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at
least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity”
可知,快餐公司提
供像沙拉和低卡路里的三明治这样健康的食物 来避开政府监管,故填
healthy/healthier




10
)考查形容词。根据最后一段中的
“suggests
that
fast
-food
companies
will
have
to
continue
trying
something
new.”
可知,随着更为严格的食品法的通过,快餐公司需要 继续尝




西





















creative/innovative/flexible/adaptable



【点评】信息匹配题解题步骤:(一)先







;(二)锁定关键信息:抓实词;
(三)信息匹配题1
.< br>寻找同义、相同的词或词组;2
.
寻找近义词或词组;3
.
留意数字< br>(包括时间);(四)读懂省略文字;(五)学会



生词;(六) 巧用标注记号




7

阅读理解


When was the last time you sat on a park bench(
凳子
)? Did you stay for long? A new kind of
park benches will limit the amount of time you can sit there. If you don't get up in time, it could
be very painful: there are many sharp spikes (
钉子
) on the part that you sit on!

Visitors who want a rest on the bench need to put a coin in a machine next to it. Once the
money was accepted, the spikes disappear into the bench. Then visitors can sit down comfortably,
but only for half an hour. When the time's up, the spikes slowly start moving up again. It doesn't
hurt at first, but after a minute, they start coming up even more quickly. They aren't long enough
to
cause
serious
hurt,
but
they
do
cause
pain,
as
tests
have
shown.
But
why
have
they
been
installed (
安装
)?


all the thousands of people who visit the park, there aren't enough benches for everyone. We
want
to
make
sure
that
the
benches
are
shared
by
more
visitors,
and
to
stop
people
taking
a
bench and staying there all day. Installing spikes seems to be the fairest way of stopping people
doing this.


1

How is the new kind of park bench different from other benches?


2

What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?


3

Why are the new benches installed?


4

The passage says,
this.

【答案】


1

It can limit the amount of time people sit on it (with sharp spikes). / If you don't
get up from it in limited time, it could make you painful./ There are many sharp spikes on it to
limit the amount of time people sit on it.


2

It's mainly about how the new kind of benches work.


3

They're installed to solve the problem that some people take a bench too long and others
can't share it.


4

Yes. If people are asked to pay for benches, they will not take it too long when they don't
really need it. Thus, every visitor will have the chance to share it. / No. Benches in parks should
be free to visitors. The park can build more benches to solve its problem instead of limiting the
time when visitors have a rest on benches.

【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文,介绍了一种新型公园长 椅,其不同之处在于它上面有
很多尖刺,用来限制人们坐在上面的时间。安装这种椅子的目的是为了让更 多的人都能分
享到长椅。



1
)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的
“If
you
don’t
get
up
in
time,
it
could
be
very
painful:
there are many sharp spikes on the part that you sit on! ”
如果你没有及时起来,那将是非常痛
苦的
:
你所坐的部位有许多锋利的刺< br>!
可知新型公园长椅与其他长椅的不同之处在于如果你
不能在有限的时间内离开它,它可 能会让你痛苦。故答案为:
It can limit the amount of time
people sit on it (with sharp spikes). / If you don’t get up from it in limited time, it could make you
painful./There are many sharp spikes on it to limit the amount of time people sit on it.




2
)考查段落大意。根据第二段中的
“Visitors
who
want
a rest
on
the
bench need
to
put
a
coin in a machine next to it. Once the money was accepted, the spikes disappear into the bench.
Then visitors can sit down comfortably, but only for half an hour. When the time’s up
, the spikes
slowly start moving up again.”
想要在长椅上休息的游客需要在旁边的机器里放一枚 硬币。一
旦这笔钱被接受,钉子就会消失在板凳上。然后游客可以舒服地坐下来,但只能坐半个小
时。当时间到了,尖峰又开始慢慢地向上移动。可知第二段主要介绍了这种新型长椅是如
何工作的,故 答案为
It’s mainly about how the new kind of benches work.




3
)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“We want to make sure that t
he benches are shared by
more visitors, and to stop people taking a bench and staying there all day.”
我们希望确保更多的
游客可以共享这些长椅 ,并阻止人们坐在长椅上一整天。可知安装它们是为了解决有些人

queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse


queenie-rinse



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