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disappointed地震安全手册(中英文对照)

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2021-01-21 07:14
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2021年1月21日发(作者:工程车辆)
Are You Prepared for the Next Earthquake?



你为下一次地震做好准备了吗?




This booklet is designed to help you and your family plan for and survive a major earthquake.
By taking action to be prepared, you can lessen the impact of an earthquake on your family. Set
aside some emergency supplies, and teach your family what to do
at home during and after a
disaster. You could be without help for up to 72 hours, so learn to cope for at least that long.



Movement
of
the
ground
is
seldom
the
actual
cause
of
death
or
injury.
Most
casualties
result from partial building collapse and falling objects and debris, like toppling chimneys, falling
bricks, ceiling plaster, and light fixtures. Many of these conditions are easily preventable.



Because earthquakes occur without warning, it

s important to take steps now to prepare, so
that
you
know
what
you
can
do
and
how
to
respond


constructive,
protective
action
is
possible.



这本小册子旨在帮助你和家人学会未雨绸缪,
以便在大地震时 逃生。
事先进行准备,

以减少地震带来的冲击。
做一些适当的应急储备,< br>并告诉你的家人在灾难中和灾难之后该做
些什么。当灾难发生时,你很可能在
72
小时之内得不到任何救助。因此,至少要学会如何
撑过
72
个小时。




地震中地面的移动一般不会直接造成伤亡。
大多数伤亡是由建 筑物的坍塌以及物体和建
筑物残骸坠落造成。比如,倒塌的烟囱、落下的砖头、天花板上的泥块以及灯具 等。而多数
情况都是易于避免的。


地震发生前是没有征兆的,因此,从现 在就开始进行准备相当重要。这样一来,你才会知道
灾难发生时该做什么,该如何应对,如何进行有意义 的自我保护。




Have on Hand for Any Emergency


Ideas for Home, Workplace, and Car



为突发状况准备趁手的的应急物品:家里、办公地点、汽车上如何应急




Because you don

t know where you will be when an earthquake occurs, prepare a Disaster
Supplies Kit for your home, workplace, and car.



因为你不知道地震发生的 时候自己会在哪儿,
所以,
在家里、
办公地点以及汽车上,都
准备一套抗灾装 备吧。




【水】




·
Water. Store at least 1 gallon of water per person per day and be prepared for a 72-hour
period.
A
normally
active
person
needs
at
least
?
gallon
of
water
daily
just
for
drinking.
In
determining adequate quantities, take the following into account:



每人每天至少需储备
1
加仑(3.8

)
的水,并按此标准一次备够
72
小时之用。一般情 况
下,一个活跃的正常人,光饮用,每天就需要消耗
1
/
2
加仑(< br>1.9
升)的水。为了保证足够
的量,应考虑以下因素:











·
Individual needs vary depending on age, physical condition, activity, diet, and climate.
·
Children, nursing mothers, and ill people need more water.
·
Very hot temperatures can double the amount of water needed.
·

A medical emergency might require more water.


*
个体需求量因年龄、体质、活动量、饮食、气候等而有差异。



*
儿童、哺乳期妇女、病人需水量更大。



*
高温天气会使需水量成倍增加。



*
医疗紧急情况会需要更多的水。




It
is
recommended
that
you
buy
commercially
bottled
water.
Keep
bottled
water
in
its
original container and do not open it until you need to use it. Also, pay attention to the expiration
or



建议你购买一些瓶装水。不要拆开瓶装水的原包装,在必须使用之前不 要打开。另外,
要注意保质期或者最晚饮用日期。




If you choose to prepare your own containers of water, you should buy air-tight, food-grade
water
storage
containers
from
surplus
or
camping
supply
stores.
Before
filling
the
containers,
clean
them
with
dish
washing
soap
and
water,
and
rinse
them
completely
so
that
there
is
no
residual soap. Water stored in your own containers should be replaced about every 6 months.



In addition to water, have purification tablets such as Halazone and Globaline, but be sure to
read the label on the bottle before using the tablets.



如果你准备用自己的容器装 水,你应该从军用品或者野营用品专门店购买那种不漏气
的、专门储存食品的盛水容器。
在装水 之前,
要用餐具专用洗涤剂和水清洗容器,
并用水冲
净,以免洗涤剂残留。容器内的水 必须每
6
个月更换一次。除了水之外,还需要一些净化用
的药片,比如哈拉宗(
Halazone

、高碘甘氨酸(
Globaline

,但在 使用这些药片之前,一定
要先看看瓶子上的标签。
(译者:请向专业人士或医护人员资讯上述药 品的使用!





【食品】




·
Food. It

s always a practical idea to keep a supply of non-perishable food on hand that can
be rotated into your diet and replenished on a regular basis. Have a sufficient supply of canned or
dehydrated food, powdered milk, and canned juices for at least 72 hours. Dried cereals and fruits
and non-salted nuts are good sources of nutrition. Keep the following points in mind:



作为一个很实用的主意,
应经常准备一些不易腐坏的食品以便随时食用。
并可将其加入
日常的饮食之中,并定期补充储备。准备足够
72
小时之用的听装食品或脱水食品、奶 粉,
以及听装果汁。干麦片、水果和无盐干果是很好的营养源。请注意以下几点:




·
Avoid foods that will make you thirsty. Choose salt-free crackers, whole grain cereals, and
canned goods with high liquid content.


·

Stock foods that do not require refrigeration, cooking, water, or special preparation. You
may already have many of these on hand.


·

Remember to include foods for infants and special dietary needs.



*
不要选择那些让你容易口渴的食品。选择无盐饼干、
全麦麦片和富含流质的罐装食品。



*
只储备无需冷藏、烹饪或特殊处理的食品。类似食品可供选择的有很多。



*
别忘了食品中应包括婴儿和特殊饮食需要者的食品。
你还应该准备一些厨房用具和 炊
具,尤其是手动开罐器。




You
should
also
have
kitchen
accessories
and
cooking
utensils,
especially
a
manual
can
opener.



【应急灯和备用电池】




·
Flashlights and spare batteries. Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work,
and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are certain that no
gas leaks exist.



在你的床边、工作地点以及车里放一盏应急灯。不要在地震后使用火柴或蜡烛
,
除非你
能确定没有瓦斯泄漏。




【便携式电池供电收音机或电视机以及备用电池】




·

Portable, battery-powered radio or television and spare batteries. Most telephones will be
out of order or used for emergency purposes, so radios will be your best source of information.
You may also want to have a battery-powered CB or other two-way radio.



大多数电话将会无法使用或只能供紧急用途,
所以收音机将会是你最好的 信息来源。

有可能,你还应当准备电池供电的收发报机和无线对讲机。







急救箱和急救手册】




·
First aid kit and manual. Keep a first aid kit at home and in your car. Also, have a manual
such as Standard First Aid & Personal Safety by the American Red Cross. Have members of your
household take basic first aid and CPR courses.



在家里和车里准备一个急救箱。
同时,
备一本由美国红十字会制作的
《标准急救和个人
安全手册》
。 让你的家人学习一些基本的急救和人工呼吸课程。




【灭火器】




·

Fire extinguishers. Keep a fire extinguisher at home and in your car. Some extinguishers
are good only for certain types of fires


electrical, grease, or gas. Class ABC extinguishers are
designed
for
safe
use
on
any
type
of
fire.
Your
fire
department
can
show
you
how
to
use
an
extinguisher properly.



在你的家 里和车里都要配备灭火器。一些灭火器仅适用于特定的火源——电引发的火
灾,油脂引发的火灾,或者煤 气引发的火灾等等。
ABC
(多用途干粉)灭火器可安全使用于
任何种类的火源。当地 消防部门可以教你如何正确地使用灭火器。




【特殊用品】




·

Special needs. Keep a supply of special needs items, such as medications, extra eyeglasses,
contact
lens
solutions,
hearing
aid
batteries,
items
for
infants
(formula,
diapers,
bottles,
and
pacifiers), sanitation and hygiene items (moist towelettes and toilet paper), and any items unique
to your family’s needs.




准备必要的特殊用品,比如药品,备用眼镜, 隐形眼镜护理液,助听器电池,婴儿物品
(婴儿食品、尿布、奶瓶和奶嘴)
,卫生用品(小湿巾 和手纸)等家所须的任何物品。




【重要的文件和现金】




·
Important papers and cash. Be sure to have a supply of cash for use if ATMs, banks, and
credit
card
systems
are
not
operating.
Also,
keep
copies
of
credit
and
identification
cards
and
important documents, such as insurance policies and financial records.



确保在自动取款机、
银行和信用卡系统瘫痪时,有足够的现金可用。同时 ,保留一些信
用证明、身份证和一些重要文件的复印件,比如保险单和财务记录。




【工具】




·

Tools. In addition to a pipe wrench and crescent wrench (for turning off gas and water
valves), you should have a lighter, a supply of matches in a waterproof container, and a whistle for
signaling rescue workers.



除了准备一个管钳和一个可调扳手(用来关闭气阀和水管)
,你要有一个 打火机,一盒
装在防水盒子里的火柴和一个用来呼叫援救人员的哨子。




【衣服】




·

Clothes. If you live in a cold climate, you must think about warmth. You might not have
heat after an earthquake. Think about your clothing and bedding supplies. Be sure to have one
complete change of clothing and shoes per person, including the following:


如果你所处的地区天气寒冷,
必须考虑到保暖。
地震过后你可能无法取暖。
要考虑 到你
的衣服和睡觉用品。确保每个人有一整套换洗的衣服和鞋子,这包括:




























·

jacket or coat
·

long pants
·

long sleeve shirt
·
sturdy shoes
·
hat, mittens or gloves, and scarf
·

sleeping bag or warm blanket (per person)
*
茄克衫或外衣

*
长裤

*
长袖衫

*
结实的鞋

*
帽子,手套和围巾

*
睡袋或暖毯(每人一件)

【宠物用品】




·
Pet needs. Identify a shelter area for your pet, gather the necessary supplies, ensure that your pet
has proper ID and up-to-date veterinarian records, and make sure you have a pet carrier and a leash.


为你的宠物寻找一个安全的地点,准备一些必需品,确保你的宠物有准确的身份证明以及最新 的兽医
登记,同时准备好一个宠物笼和一条皮带。



Home Preparedness


家庭抗灾准备工作



In the event of an earthquake, you may be instructed to shut off the utility services at your home.
Teach responsible members of your family how to turn off the gas, electricity, and water at valves and
main switches. Consult your local utilities if you need more information.


地震发生时,你可能会被要求关闭家中的水电设施来降低灾害风险。平时要教会能 担负起责任的家庭
成员如何关闭燃气阀门、电闸以及水阀。如果你需要更多关于水电设备的信息,请向当 地供电、供水和燃
气供应部门咨询。


Earthquake Hazard Hunt


地震隐患排查



You can identify potential dangers in your home by conducting an earthquake hazard hunt. Foresight
and common sense are all that are needed as you go from room to room and imagine what would
happen in an earthquake. Some possible hazards are:

< br>你可以通过在家中进行

地震隐患排查

来寻找地震中可能出现的隐患 。你需要做的只是巡视你的房间,
设想地震时房中会发生什么,用你的常识来进行预测、找出隐患。一些 可能的隐患有:



·
Tall, heavy furniture that could topple, such as bookcases, china cabinets, or modular wall units.


·
Water heaters that could be pulled away from pipes and rupture.


·
Appliances that could move enough to rupture gas or electrical lines.


·
Hanging plants in heavy pots that could swing free of hooks.


·
Heavy picture frames or mirrors over a bed.


·
Latches on kitchen or other cabinets that will not hold the door closed during shaking.


·
Breakables or heavy objects that are kept on high or open shelves.


·
A masonry chimney that could crumble and fall through an unsupported roof.


·
Flammable liquids, like painting or cleaning products, that would be safer in a garage or outside
shed.


*
在地震中可能会倒塌的又高又 重的家具,比如书架、瓷器柜,或是定制的组合柜。应当设法固定在墙
壁上



*
可能会从管道上脱离并碎裂的热水器。



*
可能发生移动,扯坏煤气管道或电线的物品。



*
悬挂在高处较重的盆载植物,有可能脱钩坠落。



*
挂在床上方较重的像框或镜子,有可能在地震中坠落。



*
橱柜或别的柜子剧烈晃动时,柜子的插销可能会松动打开。



*
放置在高处开放式储物架上的易碎品或重物可能会坠落摔碎。



*
石制烟囱可能压垮无支撑的房顶并崩塌。



*
易燃液体,如油漆及清洁剂,应储存于车库或是室外储物室中(而不是室内)。



Take steps to correct these hazards

secure or relocate heavy items as appropriate.


请设法逐个排除这些隐患,妥善安置各种重物,把不妥的重物重新放置。



Family Earthquake Drill


家庭防震演习



It’s important to know where you should go for protection when your house starts to shake. By
planning and practicing what to do before an earthquake occurs, you can condition yourself and your
family to react correctly and spontaneously when the first jolt or shaking is felt. An earthquake drill can
teach your family what to do in an earthquake.


当发现房屋开始摇晃时,第一时间就能确知去哪儿躲避非常重要。如果在地震发生 前就做好了准备和
演习,你和家人就能在察觉震感的第一时间及时、正确地做出反应。防震演习可以让你 们全家知道如何应
对地震。



·
Each family member should know safe spots in each room.


·
Safe spots: The best places to be are under heavy pieces of furniture, such as a desk or sturdy
table; under supported archways; and against inside walls.

碟-disappointed


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碟-disappointed



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