红土场lovingandhatingnewyork课后练习答案

2021年1月21日发(作者：soon的意思)
Loving and Hating New York
练习题答
案
/answer

Ⅰ
.

1. Olmsted : Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. ( 1870 -- 1975 ), American
landscape architect. A Harvard graduate (1894),he studied under his
father,
Fredcrick
Law
Olmsted,
and
began
practice
as
landscape
architect
in 1895. He was landscape architect for the Metropolitan Park System of
Boston, 1898--1920; Baltimore Park and Park Commission, 1902--1917;
member
of
the
National
Capital
Park
and
Planning
Commission
in 1929,
and
again
from
1945.
He
acted
in
consulting
capacity
for
and
designed
portions
of the parks or other public improvements of many towns and cities and
numerous instiutions, land subdivisions, and private properties. Among
his
designs
in
Washington
.
were
those
for
Rock
Creek
and
Ana-costia
Parks,
the Mall, and the White House grounds. He wrote numerous articles and
reports on professional subjects.


2.
Bach.
John
Sebastian
Bach
(1685--1750),German
composer
and
organist,
one
of
the
greatest
and
most
influential
composers
of
the
Western
World.
He brought poly- phonic baroque music to its culmination, creating
masterful and vigorous works in almost every musical form known in his
period.
Born
into
a
gifted
family,
Bach
was
devoted
to
music
from
childhood;
he
was
taught
by
his
father
and
later
by
his
brother
Johann
cristoph.
His
education was acquired largely through independent studies.


Since few of Bach's many works were published in his lifetime, exact
dates cannot be fixed for all of them, but most can be placed with some
certainty
in
the
periods
of
his
life.
At
Arnstadt
and
Miihlhausen
he
began
a series of organ
compositions that
culminated in the great works
of the
Weimar period; the Passacaglia and Fugue in C Mi-nor. At Cothen he
concentrated on instrumental compositions, especially keyboard works:
the Chromatic Fantasy and Fugue; the English Suites; and Book I of the
celebrated 7
accompainied violin Sonatas and cellosuites, and the Brandenburg
Concertos,
recognised
as
the
best
concertigrossiever
composed.
As
musical
director
of
St
Thomas
atLeipzig,
he
composed
many
of
his
superb
religious
compositions,
the
Christmas
Oratorio,
the
St.
]~lat
hew
Passion,
etc.
The
principal
keyboard
works
of
this
period
were
Book
Ⅱ
of
The
Well- Tempered
Clavier
and
the
four
books
of
clavier
pieces
in
the
Clavier
Cibung,
which
includes:
six
partitas
(1726-- 1731)~
the
Italian
Concerto
and
the
Partita
in B minor (1735)~ and the Goldberg Variations.


The bulk of his work is religious. In addition, he composed an
astonising number of instrumental works, many of them designed for the
instruction
of
his
numerous
pupils.
In
his
instrumental
and
choral
works
he perfected the art of polyphony, displaying an unmatched combination
of inventiveness and control in his great, striding fugues. During his
lifetime, Bach was better known as an organist than as a composer. For
decades
after
his
death
his
works
were
neglected,
but
in
the
19th
century
his
genius
came
to
be
recognized,
particularly
by
romantic
composers
such
as Mendelssohn and Schumann. Since that time his reputation has grown
steadily.


Ⅱ
.

1. N0, his hometown is Seattle, a seaport in west central Washington
State on Puget Sound. See paragragh 4.


2. These signs show that New York is no longer the leading city in the
United States.


3. New York no longer begets the styles and sets the is no longer a
paeesetter.


4. Other cities have buildings more inspired architecturally. The
center
of
music
and
sports
have
also
shifted
to
other
cities.
As
a
tourist
attraction it is inferior to New Orlcans, San Francisco, Washington or
Disneyland. Finally, there are many beter cities to live in than New
York.


5. The Europeans call New York their favorite city because they like
its cosmopolitan complexities, its surviving European standards and its
alien
mixtures.
Perhaps
some
of
these
are
reassured
by
the
international
names
of
jewelers,
shoe
stores
and
designer
shops.
But
what
most
excites
Europeans is the city's charged, nervous atmosphere, its vulgar
dynamism.


6. Tim writer went to New York because he likes to live there and he
could practice the kind of journalism he wanted in that city.


7.
The
young
people
go
to
New
York
to
test
themselves
and
to
avoid
giving
in to the most banal and marketable of their talents. In New York they
also find the company of many other young people similarly fleeing from
the constricting atmosphere of smaller cities.


8.
New
York
is
still
the
banking
and
communications
head-
quarters
for
America. The networks' news centres, the largest book publishers, the
biggest
magazines,
the
ad
agencies
are
all
here,
appraising
and
ratifying
the films, the plays, the music, the books that others have created.


9. Newcomers can find or form their little groups and, though these
groups
lie
close
to
each
other,
there
is
no
contact
or
intercourse
between
groups. This gives the city its sense of freedom.


10. Despite all the faults of the city, a New Yorker still prefers to
live in New York because he prefers the unhealthy hassle and vitany of
urban
life.
What
he
finds
attractive
about
New
York
is
its
rawness,
tension,
urgency;
its
bracing
competitiveness
the
rigor
of
its
judgements;
and
the
congested, democratic presence of so many other New Yorkers, encased in
their own worlds.


11.
It
is
in
fact
the
first
truly
international
metropolits
because
here
one
finds
a
much
wider
mixture
of
nationalities
Asians,
Africans,
Latins
and all varieties of Europeans.


Ⅲ
.

article is
a
piece of
expository
writing. The main
theme or thesis is
stated by the title
by
the
first
sentence
of
the
last
paragraph:
“Loving
and
hating
New
York
becomes a matter of alternating moods, often in the same day.


2. Griffith develops his main thesis by both objective and emotional
description of New York and the life and struggle of New Yorkers. It is
very effective. (See the answer to 4.)


3. This article is full of American English terms, phrases and
constructions.
Such
as
T-shirt,
hassle,
plush,
holdout,
comeback,
putdown,
measure up, expense-account, etc.


4.
The
writer
states
that
he
both
loves
and
hates
New
York,
but
the
reader
fails to see where or why he hates New York. It is clear that Griffith
loves
New
York
and
feels
exhilarated
living
there.
He
may
sometimes
feel
exasperated but this feeling
is never strong
enough to turn
to hate. The
writer shows his love for New York with the words such as energy,
contention striving, etc.


5. The first five paragraphs act as a general introduction, set- ting
forth the present status of New York city in the Unit- ed States and in
the eyes of foreigners. The last sentence of paragraph 5 also acts as a
transition to the
charged, nervous atmosphere, its vulgar dynamism
paragraph
5
leads
to
the

contention,
and
striving
in
the
first
line of paragraph 6.


6. The topic sentence of paragraph 8 is the first sentence.
s
pleasures
are
much
qualified
in
New
York.

The
writer
uses
many
examples
to develop this paragraph and to back up the statement made in the topic
sentence.


7. In New York, a shrewd understanding or ability to appraise things
is
appreciated
and
paid
for,
and
skill
and
learning
by
themselves
are
not
considered valuable. 8. Free. Student’s choice.



Ⅳ
.

1. Nowadays New York cannot understand nor follow the taste of the
American people.


2.
New
York
boasts
that
it
is
a
city
that
resists
the
prevailing
trends
(styles, fashion)of America.


3. Situation comedies made in Hollywood and the actual performance of
Johnny Carson now replace the scheduled radio



and TV programs for California.


4. New York is regaining somewhat its status as a city that attracts
tourists.


5. A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and
anxiety (because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce
competition).


6. The chance to enjoy the pleasures of nature is very limited.


7.
At
night
the
city
of
New
York
is
aglow
with
lights
and
seems
proudly
and haughtily to darken the night sky.


8. But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohemian life style can
be exaggerated.


9. In both these roles of banking and communications head- quarters,
New York starts or originates very few things but gives its stamp of
approval
to
many
things
created
by
people
in
other
parts
of
the
country.


10. The television generation was constantly and strongly influenced
by extravagant promotional advertising.


11. Authors writing long serious novels earn their living in the
meantime by also writing articles for popular magazines.


12.
Broadway,
which
seemed
unable
to
resist
the
cheap,
gaudy
shows
put
on in the surrounding areas, is once again busy and active.