巨大的问题英语初高衔接课---完型填空(学生版)

2021年1月21日发(作者：帕累托最优)



英语初高衔接课

完型填空（学生版）

授课教师

年级

课程标题


新高一

学生

授课时间

高中英语完型填空中的词汇

教学目标

1.
让学生了解高中完型填对词汇考查的新要求。

2.
培养学生利用上下文、文章框架线索进行推理推断的能力。

3.
帮助学生养成对比分析、扎实掌握的词汇学习理念。





教学内容

1.
高中英语完形填空词汇考点解析

2.
完形填空实战演练

3.
教学总结与启发

课后作业

1.

请想办法证明你在词汇学习方面的收获并在下次课分享。

2.

完成两篇完形填空并分析。















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一、高中英语完形填空词汇考点解析

1.
初高中阶段完形考察能力要求对比


初中

1.
理解语篇主旨大意

2.
根据对语篇的理解进行简单的推理判读和
猜测

3.
掌握简单的逻辑关系

4.
掌握固定搭配，以不同搭配来区分选项



高中

1.
理解文章的主旨大意和文章框架，
明晰上下
文的结构功能

2.
准确掌握作者的写作意图，
把握住上下文的
语义联系。

3.
熟练掌握逻辑关系，
能够根据上下文逻辑关
系来确定词汇，或是根据语境判断逻 辑关系

4.
掌握近义词的差异和用法，掌握词语的搭
配，能准确辨识相同搭 配的不同含义。

5.
灵活掌握词汇，
能够猜测出熟悉词语的生僻
含义。


2.
高中英语完形填空题目类型案例讲解


（一）近义词的辨析


DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique
to you unless you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva
(
唾液
),
or
hair
1
__

behind
at
the
scene
of
a
crime.
The
results
often
help
detectives
identify
criminals and their victims.

1.
A. kept





B. dropped




C. stayed




D. left
At an interview, try to present a “
pleasant
” version of yourself. You need to
2

the employer
that you can do the job, but
you mustn’t appear over
-confident.

2. A. confirm



B. prove



C. convince




D. guarantee
confirm:
证实，证明，确认
;prove
证明；
convince ,
说服，使信服；
guaranteed
担保，保证



(
二
)
固定搭配及习惯用法


But genetics only account for about 30 percent of aging. Most of the changes we associate
with age 1 factors such as diet and exercise habits; lifestyle issues, including over consumption of
alcohol and tobacco, and psychological traits.
1.

A. involve in

B. relate to

C. combine with
D. substitute for

relate to 1.
相关，有关联

；
involve in
使
....
卷入
associate with
联系
;
联想；联合，结交

combine with

(
使
)
结合
;(
使
)
组合
;(< br>使
)
综合；
substitute for
代替

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选词填空



relate to










involve in









associate with









combine with

(1) Our findings ________

________ physically rather than the visually handicapped pupils.
(2) I always

________ the smell of baking with my childhood.
(3) Don't ________ yourself

________ unnecessary dispute.
(4) Mother warned the boys not to

________

________ bad companions.


(5) If he can ________ his ability with hard work, he should be very successful.




To
cut
through
confusing
information,


2


this
basic
rule:
Keep
it
simple!The
secret
to
processing information is narrowing your field of information.
2. A. catch








B. apply










C. abandon










D. offer


（三）上下文信息及句内语义线索


一般来讲，
文章的段落是由主 题句开始，
所以段首句词汇的意思一般要通过下文来猜测。

同一个句子中也可能存在线索。

Conduct a

___1___


review. Before you leave, make sure there is plenty of room in your
e-
mail inbox so you don’t exceed

your

___2__

limit while you’re out of the offic
e, which might
prevent you from sending messages when you return.
1. A. historical
2. A. memory




B. neutral

B. storage




C. resistant
C. terminal


D. technical
D. supply





把握文章行文思路也是语篇中考查要点，
过渡段的段首句一般承上启下，
是 对上一段的
总结，和对下一段的起始。


Contacts before are he
lpful but not necessary because a person’s last successes are thought
more
important.
Communication
is
usually
indirect,
informal,
competitive
and
at
times
argumentative.

3

in western Europe is different from that in the United States. For the French, business is
a very formal issue, and business will be negatively influenced by any appearance of a casual
attitude.

3.

A. Communication












（四）语义复现










上文出现过的词汇，
在下文中以原词或原词的其他 形式再次出现，
也可能以同义词、
近义词重复出现。



B. Association

C. Foundation


D. Negotiation
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We must face the fact that there are many aspects of the information age. All information

makes us anxious. Over some of these, we have little or no control. On the other hand, there are
steps we can take to eliminate much of __1__ .

1. A. anxiety








B. trouble











C. interest



（五）逻辑关系


We might say, then, that survival in the information age is a challenging yet


1


task.
1. A. donating



B. accomplishing




C. rewarding









D. searching


If
we
indulge
(
任凭
)
ourselves
talking
about
tiny
things
or
even
harmful
information,
valuable time and



2


can be wasted.
2.

A. health

（六）熟词生义


It’s
also
important
to
make
sure
that
you
really
listen
to
what
is
being

asked.
In
your
preparation you will have rehearsed
（排练）

answers to a number of imaginary questions; but you
must

1

your response to suit the questions.
1. A. give




B. shift



C. find




D. tailor











B. wealth











C. power













D. energy









D. curiosity
二、完形填空实战演练


（
1
）


In New York, we are very busy going from one place to another. On the way, ___1___ you
meet a tiny, cardboard- skinned robot who is ___2___ its way down the streets, asking for help.
Would you do it a(n) ___3___?
Tweenbots are ___4___ robots. Rolling at a constant speed, in a straight line, Tweenbots have
a(n) ___5___displayed on a flag, and rely on passers-by they ___6___ to read this flag and to aim
them at the right direction to ___7___ their goal.
Considering the fact that they are easily harmed and the possibility that ___ 8___ would be
interested in helping a lost little robot, at the beginning I ___9___ that the Tweenbots were more
likely to struggle and die in the city than to get to their destination. I set out on the first test with a
video camera hidden in my purse and walked far enough away so that I would not be observed.

The results were ___10___.
Over
the
following
months,
assisted
only
by
___11___,
the
Tweenbots
were
successful
in
rolling from their starting points to their faraway destinations. Every time a robot got ___12___by
obstacles on the road, some passer-by would always rescue it and send it towards its goal. The
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Tweenbots were ___13___ lost or damaged.
In
this
test
the
Tweenbots
were
___14
___
primarily
by
human’s
sympathy
for
an
anthropomorphized
(
人格化的
)
object.
The
journey
they
took
becomes
a
story
of
people’s
___15
___
to
engage
with
a
creature
that
mirrors
the
human’s
characteristics
of
being
easily
harmed, of being lost, and of having goals but not being able to achieve them directly. It’s a story
about a vast space made smaller by an even smaller robot.
1. A. suppose



B. wonder



C. wish



D. believe
2. A. asking






B. falling



C. making



D. showing
3. A. favour






B. business



C. honour



D. justice
4. A. self-dependent






B. robot-dependent
C. human-dependent





D. scientist-dependent
5. A. name




B. direction


C. instruction


D. destination
6. A. act as




B. come across


C. look for



D. get in
7. A. understand



B. deliver



C. reach



D. change
8. A. anybody



B. everybody


C. somebody


D. nobody
9. A. explained



B. proved



C. confused


D. disbelieved
10. A. expected



B. admitted


C. unexpected


D. unadmitted
11. A. pioneers



B. strangers


C. friends



D. colleagues
12. A. attracted



B. supported


C. trapped



D. replaced
13. A. frequently


B. occasionally


C. constantly


D. never
14. A. performed



B. driven



C. created




D. cultivated
15. A. braveness



B. willingness


C. determination

D. intention

(2)
I was a rotten teenager, sharp-tongued and eager to control others. At an early age I could
make things go my way with just a few small changes. The writers for today’s hottest soap opera
could not have created a



1


character than me.
I don’t know how long it took me to realize how I wa
s


2


so many others. Not only did I
succeed in


3

many of my closest friends by trying to control them; I also managed to

destroy
the most


4


relationship in my life: my relationship with my mother.
My
mother,
who
gave
birth
to
me
at
age


5


her
doctor’s
wishes,
would
cry
to
me,
“I
waited so long for
you. Don’t ignore my help!”
I would reply



6


, “I never wanted you to
care about me! Leave me alone and forget I ever lived!”

My
mother
began
to
believe
I
really


7


it.
Like
many
young
girls
in
high
school,
the
boys who I knew were


8


were always the first ones I had to date. I would try to find any
way
to
draw
attention
to
myself
while
at
the
same
time
trying
to
be



9

.
I
had
also
been
heavy into drugs then to change my personality. And my only pleasure was to make people feel


10


.
But then I asked myself why. Why the need to hurt? Why the attacks on my mother? I would
drive myself mad with all the whys until one day I couldn’t



11


it any longer and jump from
a car moving at 80 miles per hour.
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Lying awake the following night at the hospital, I saw my mother’s pained face, tired brown
eyes filled with nothing but thanks for her daughter’s rebirth of life.




12


all the horrible things I did to her, she still loved me. I cried and asked why. She
just looked down at me and said frankly, “Because you are my daughter.”




13


love is the most precious gift we can give. Being


14


for the past is the most
precious
gift
we
can
receive.
I
want
to


15


the
gift
my
mother
gave
me
to
all
the
“rotten
teenagers” in the world.


1. A. better
2. A. loving
3. A. putting off
4. A. curious
5. A. against
6. A. gently


7. A. said


8. A. available
9. A. attractive


10. A. fright


11. A. explain
12. A. Since
14. A. loved
15. A. tell

【练习与归纳】

（基础篇）

People over 70 who aren't active are more likely to develop problems walking or climbing
stairs within a few years, according to a new study.
These
findings
suggest
that
it's
very
important
to
stay


1

in
old
age,
study
author
Dr.
Marjolein Visser told Reuters Health.




2


taking your medications,” Visser noted.

already



3


from regular walking.
Visser, a Dutch scholar, explained that



4


active helps prevent people from becoming
breathless during simple activities, increase muscle mass and strength, and maintain the balance
people need to walk upstairs, for instance.

To investigate how important exercise is to older adults. Visser's team interviewed 3,075 men
and


5

between the ages of 70 and 79, all of whom said they had no problems walking one
quarter of a mile or climbing


6 . The investigators followed the subjects for 4-1/2years, noting
who developed problems


7


and climbing stairs. During the study, 34 percent of men and 47


8


of
women
said
they
began
to
struggle
with
walking
and
climbing
stairs.
People
who
were
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B. worse
B. hating
B. breaking into
B. precious
B. for






B. suddenly


B. knew


B. impatient
B. invisible
B. confusion
B. control


B. Although


B. forgiven
B. provide


C. happier
C. hurting


C. keeping up
C. nervous


C. according to
C. sharply
C. hoped


C. impossible
C. imaginative
C. excitement


C. stand





C. As
C. Quick
C. hated
C. supply
D. clever
D. shocking
D. pushing away
D. obvious
D. with
D. unwillingly
D. meant
D. believable
D. noticeable
D. pain
D. accept
D. Despite
D. Real
D. forgotten
D. extend
13. A. Unconditional

B. Slow