弗劳尔专升本英语专项练习阅读理解(二)复习课程

2021年1月21日发(作者：动情)
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阅读理解（
2
）

阅读下列短文，从每 题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
）中 ，选出最佳选项
.

A

Here are some of the world’s most impressive subways.

The
T
okyo
Features: The T
okyo Metro and Toei lines that compose T
okyo’s massive
Metro
and
subway
system
carry
almost
8
million
people
each
day,
making
it
the
Toei Lines
busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya--- literally,
“pusher”
---
who
shove
passengers
into
crowded
subway
cars
so
the
doors can close. And you think your commute is hell.




The
Moscow
Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in
Metro

the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature

chandeliers(
枝形吊灯
),
marble
moldings
and
elaborate
murals(
精美的壁
画
). With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean
has got to be a burden.
The
Hong
Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few
Kong Metro

subway
systems
in
the
world
that
actually
turns
a
profit.
It’s
privately

owned
and
uses
real
estate
development
along
its
tracks
to
increase
income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people
to
not
only
pay
their
fares
electronically,
but
buy
stuff
at
convenience
stores, supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated
that 95 % of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card .
Shanghai
Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and
Metro

it
has
become
the
country’s
largest
in
the
12
years
since
it
opened.

Shanghai
Metro
has
142
miles
of
track
and
plans
to
add
another
180
miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than
Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day.


The London

Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55
Metro
percent
of
it
lies
above
ground.
No
matter
when
you’ve
got
the
oldest
mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains
started
in1863
and
they’ve
been
running
ever
since.
Some
3
million
people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”.


1. Which one can provide the riders some wonderful decorations at the stations?

A. The Tokyo Metro and T
oei Lines








B. The Moscow Metro
C. The London Metro


















D. The Hong Kong MTR
2. ________ is done with the purpose of making money.


















A. The Tokyo Metro and T
oei Lines






B. The Moscow Metro
C. The London Metro















D. The Hong Kong MTR
3. We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro ________.
A. carries the most people each day

B. is th
e world’s largest

C. may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future

D. is the busiest in the world
4. How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day?

A. 2











B. 3









C. 4











D. 5
B



Archaeology
, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means,
more or less, “the study of old things”. So, it is really a part of the study of
history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters,
paintings and photographs, but archaeologists(
考古学家
)learn from the objects
left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally,
these
are the hard materials
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that don’t break down or disappear very quickly—
things like human bones and
objects made from stone and metal.


It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of
history
—
normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies,
clothes and things made of wood. Occasionally, things are different.


In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog
called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a very wet area of earth,
with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick
vegetable soup
—
walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear
forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking
out
—
a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the
rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly
—
buy it was a death nearly
two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the
Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles,
hair and internal organs
—
the scientists who examined him were able to look
inside the man’s stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!



Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very
watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the
water in the bog was very acidic. The acid preserved the man’s skin in the way
that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes.


How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists
wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”. His
hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn’t done heavy manual work in
this life
—
he could have been a rich man. They found
that he hadn’t died by
accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different
gods.
5. Which language does the word “
archaeology
” come from?



A. French.


B. Greek


C. Roman.


D. German
。

6. The word “these” in the first paragraph
refers to _____.


A. letters



B. photographs




C. paintings



D. objects
7. Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?



A. Ice and low temperature






B. Bacteria and oxygen





C. Soil and energy













D. Acid and water

8. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
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A. “Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him.



B. Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard
evidence.


C. “Lindow Man” was found by two ar
chaeologists in the south of England.


D. “Lindow Man” was good at manual work.

9. Which is the best title for the passage?


A. What Is Archaeology?


B. Archaeology and History


C. An Amazing Archaeological Discovery


D. The Death of “Lindow Man”

C
What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who
studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any
other science?

We
all
know
that
science
plays
an
important
role
in
our
societies.
However,
many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.
The
first
aspect
is
the
application
of
the
machines,
products
and
systems
of
knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. The second is the application of
the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.

What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a
successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works.
He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation,
and looks
for
relationships
even
if
the
data
available
seem
to
be
unconnected.
Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve
the problems which this involves.

He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective(
客观的
) and uses the facts
he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount
of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that
appear in a spectrum(
光谱
).

He
does
not
accept
statements
which
are
not
based
on
the
most
complete
evidence available. He rejects authority as the only basis for truth. Scientists always
check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.

Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is
the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb
objective investigation.

Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data
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