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日省月试高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破

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来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-21 19:53
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指桑骂槐-

2021年1月21日发(作者:母亲的)
2018
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破












































Step1
猜测词义常见设问方式

1.

Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to


’’?

2.

What does the author probably mean by


’’
?

3.

The word


’’
in the contest means _____.

4.

The term can be best replaced by _____.

5.

The word


’’
probably refers to ____.

6.

As used in the line

the word


’’
refers to ______.

7.

According to the passage, the word


’’
is known as_____.

8.

The passage use the word


’’
to refer to ____

9.

According to the author, the underlined word


’’
means____.

10.

From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word


’’
means _____.

在词义猜测题中,有些词汇并非生词,只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具
体含义,或找出其指 代对象。做这类题,应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文,文章中往往会
对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归 纳。因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。

Step2.
方法探究

1.
Charlotte

s
tale
was
inspired
by
the
girls


coin
collection.

We

ve
collected
foreign
coins
for
years-since
our
families
went
on
holiday
to
Tenerife,

she explains.

That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.


The underlined word

pesetas

in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.

A. story

B. collection

C. inspiration
D. foreign coin

2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng

s deeds
remind
us
of
what
we
usually
neglect:
love
and
care
for
others.
Without
these,
none of us could survive. Houng turned down donations from others. He said he
felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.

The underlined word

donation

in probably means ______.

A. invitation to give a speech

B. something, especially given to
help others

C. questions asked by interviewers
D. chances to be a hero

【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

______________________________________________ ______________________________

3. The elder learn to master the Internet and to overcome what Lansdale calls
the
maladies
of
the
institutionalized:
loneliness,
helplessness,
boredom,
and
lose of memory.

4. Some ships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies (
军用物

),while others carried only passengers.

5. Scientists grow large quantities of common mould (
霉菌
)so that they can get
penicillin
from
it
in
order
to
make
antibiotics,
that
is,
substances
that
kill
germs.

6. Marine biology, the study of oceanic plants and animals and their relation,
has furthered the efficient development of fisheries.

7. Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such
as shoplifter, who always takes away things from the shop without paying for
them.

【思考归纳】这几道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

______________________________________________ ______________________________

8. Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions
without seeking the opinions of others.


From the passage, we can infer that the word

autocratic
’’
means ______

A. friendly to others


B. modest and kindly

C. sticking to one

s own opinion

D. hard-working

9.
Answer
the
following
questions
by
using
the
information
taken
from
a
dictionary
page.

jazz:
1.
n.

a
type
of
music
that
originated
in
New
Orleans
and
is
characterized
by rhythmic beats. 2.
n.
popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3.
n.
slang.
Empty talk. 4.
adj.
of or like jazz; a jazz band, jazz records.

What does the word

jazz

mean in the following sentence?

Don

t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.

A. Rhythmic beats. B. A type of music. C. A kind of dance. D.
Meaningless talk.

【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答 案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

______________ __________________________________________________ ____________

10.

Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can

t be easily swallowed down. They
must be carefully cultivated.


The underlined word

cultivated

(Paragraph 1) roughly means ______.

A. encouraged
B. compared C. examined
D. developed

11.
Written
language
tends
to
be
static,
while
spoken
language
constantly
changes.

According to the author, the underlined word static means ______.

A. unchangeable B. inactive C. respective D. widespread

12. Unlike the
Unite
States
where
many different
nationalities make
up
the
population, Japan

s population is quite homogeneous.

【思考归纳】这三道题你是如何得出答案的? 从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

_________________ __________________________________________________ _________

13.
Millions
of
animals
die
each
year
on
US
roads,
the
Federal
Highway
administration
reports.
In
fact,
only
about
80
ocelots,
an
endangered
wild
cat
exist in the US today. The main reason? Roadkill.

14.
Mansion,
church,
battle
site,
theatre
and
other
public
halls
can
be
preserved.

【思考归纳】
这道 题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一下。

__________ __________________________________________________ ________________

15. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language
Teaching in School, of English learning.

16.
Many
United
nations
employees
are
polyglots:
Mr.
Simpson,
for
example,
speaks
five languages fluently.

【思 考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

_________________________________________________ ___________________________

17. Exhibition officials said that a person bitten by one of these snakes would
need at least 80 ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved.

18.
Although
simplified
Chinese
characters
were
accepted
for
use
many
years
ago,
it
seems
that
more
and
more
people
like
Chinese
characters
in
the
complex
form.

【思考归纳 】这两道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

__ __________________________________________________ ________________________

19.
下题中划线的词可换为:

New
York,
10
November,
5:27
.,
yesterday.
Biggest
power
failure
in
the
city

s
history.

A. enough

B. not passing C. lack of

D. lack

【思考归纳】
这道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启 发和收获?跟大家分享一下。

____________________________ ________________________________________________
20.
Rainforests
like
the
Amazon
are
important
for
mopping
up
CO
2

from
the
atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.

The underlined phrase

mopping up

in the second paragraph means _______.

A. cleaning up B. taking in C. wiping out

D. giving up

21. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took a mop. She pushed
past the desk and as the nurse looked up. Mum nodded and said,

Very dirty
floor.


【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么 启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

_______________________ __________________________________________________ ___

22. The most important reason for such a visit is to realize how our ancestors
battled nature with the basic tools they had.

23.
The
aging
of
the
population
will
affect
American
society
in
many
ways-education, medicine, and business.

The underlined work

aging

means ______.

A. counting the number of years someone lives

B. the numbers of years someone lives

C. becoming older





D. making someone looking older

【思考归纳】 这两道题你是如何得出答案的?从中你有什么启发和收获?跟大家分享一
下。

___ __________________________________________________ _______________________

检测反馈

运用方法探究中学到的技巧,快来一试身手吧!看谁做得又快又好!


A

I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly. As a doctor,
mother
and
scientist
in
child
development
I
believe
there
is
nothing
to
recommend
it, from the baby’s point of view.

Mothers,
doctors
and
nurses
alike
have
no
idea
of
where
a
baby’s
blood
sugar
level lies. All we know is that a low level is harmful to brain development and
makes a baby easily annoyed. In this state, the baby is difficult to calm down
and
sleep
is
impossible.
The
baby
asks
for
attention
by
crying
and
searching
for
food with its mouth.

It
is
not
just
unkind
but
also
dangerous
to
say
a
four-hourly
feeding
schedule
will
make
a
baby
satisfied.
The
first
of
the
experts
to
advocate
a
strict
clock-watching schedule was Dr. Frederic Truby King who was against feeding in
the night. I’ve never heard anything so ridiculous. Baby feeding shouldn’t
follow a timetable set by the mum. What is important is feeding a baby in the
best way, though it may cause some inconvenience in the first few weeks.

Well, at last we have
copper-bottomed research
that
supports demand feeding
and points out the weaknesses of strictly timed feeding. The research finds out
that babies who are fed on demand do better at school at age 5, 7, 11 and 14,
than babies fed according to the clock. By the age of 8, their IQ
(智商)
scores
are
four
to
five
percent
higher
than
babies
fed
by
a
rigid
timetable.
This
research
comes from Oxford and Essex University using a
sample
(样本)
of 10,419
children
born in the early 1990s,taking account of parental education, family income, a
child’s
sex
and
age,
the
mother’s
health
and
feeling
style.
These
results
don’t
surprise me. Feeding according to schedule runs the risk of harming the rapidly
growing brain by taking no account of sinking blood sugar levels.

指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-


指桑骂槐-



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