cordier结构修辞

2021年1月21日发(作者：data什么意思)
























结构修辞（）






资料来自曾庆茂的《英语修辞鉴赏与写作》

第（一）节












对照（）

一，

表现对照的句法特点

对照一词来自希腊语，是常见的修辞手段。所谓对照，就是有

意识地把意义相对的词 语放在对称的结构中形成对比。对照（
1
）要求结构匀称
整齐；
（
2
）要求意义相反的词语互相衬托。这二者互为依附。

1.
Does one like islands because one unconsciously appropriates them,
a small manageable domain
in
a large unmanageable world
?

2.

Why
are
some
people
argumentative
and
domineering,

while
others are
shy and hesitant?
Why are some people
greedy, selfish,
and cynical,
while others are
kindly and easy to get with
?( Gordon.
R. Lowe)

is more danger from a
pretended friend
than from an
open
enemy
. (Aesop
’
s Fables)
4.
“
that
’
s one
small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.
”

5.
We
observe
today
not
a
victory
of
party,
but
a
celebration
of
freedom--symbolizing
an
end,
as
well
as
a
beginning,
signifying
renewal, as well as change.
用
NOT
…
BUT
…

6.
For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish
all
forms of human poverty and all forms of human life
.
7.
And
yet
the
same
revolutionary
beliefs
for
which
our
forebears
fought are still at issue around the globe--the belief that the rights of
man come
not
from the generosity of the state,
but
from the hand of
God.

8.
United
, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.
Divided
,
there
is
little
we
can
do--for
we
dare
not
meet
a
powerful
challenge at odds and split asunder.

9. We shall
not
always expect to find them supporting our view.
But

we
shall
always
hope
to
find
them
strongly
supporting
their
own
freedom--and
to
remember
that,
in
the
past,
those
who
foolishly
sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.

10.
To
those
peoples
in
the
huts
and
villages
across
the
globe
struggling
to
break
the
bonds
of
mass
misery,
we
pledge
our
best
efforts
to
help
them
help
themselves,
for
whatever
period
is
required--
not because
the Communists may be doing it,
not because
we seek their votes,
but because
it is right.

11. If a free society cannot help
the many who are poor
, it cannot save
the few who are rich.
12.
Let
us
never
negotiate
out
of
fear.
But
let
us
never
fear
to
negotiate.
13.
Let
both
sides
explore
what
problems
unite
us
instead
of
bel
aboring those problems which divide us.

二，

一物两面对照


即在同一个句子或一段叙述里，用两个意义相对立的词说明 同一事物，揭示事
物复杂的矛盾性质

三，

两物相对照



把两个或若干个不相调和，互不相容的事物，现象或行为放在一起，突出其间的对立，以形成鲜明的对比


第（二）节












排比（）

排比就是把结构相同，语义并重，语气一致的词

词组

或句子排列成串，形成
一个整体。一般是由三项或三项以上语句构成。

它们分别可以是：词，词组，
从句，句子，甚至是段落。

一，

词的排比

1.
The energy, the faith, the devotion
which we bring to this endeavor
will
light
our
country
and
all
who
serve
it--and
the
glow
from
that
fire can truly light the world.

二，

短语的排比

the word go forth from this time and place,
to friend and foe
alike,

that
the
torch
has
been
passed
to
a
new
generation
of
Americans--
born
in
this
century,
tempered
by war,
disciplined
by a
hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage--and unwilling
to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights
排比

to
which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are
committed today at home and around the world.
对比

2.
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we
shall
pay
any
price,
bear
any
burden,
meet
any
hardship,
support
any
friend,
oppose
any
foe,
in
order
to
assure
the
survival
and
the
success of liberty.
五个动词排比，五个
ANY
重复，
FRIEND
和
FOE
对比。


3.
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our
last
best
hope
in
an
age
where
the
instruments
of
war
have
far
outpaced
the
instruments
of
peace,
we
renew
our
pledge
of