藩篱的意思08考研英语知识点每周答疑 一、答疑之“七选五”分析： LONG BEFORE

2021年1月21日发(作者：矿坑)
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考研英语知识点每周答疑

一、答疑之“七选五”分析：

Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects,
and
some
mammals.
Although
some
of
these
animals
were
ancestors
of
kinds
living
today,
others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now.
1).Very
occasionally
the
rocks
show
impression
of
skin,
so
that,
apart
from
color,
we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of
years
ago.
That
kind
of
rock
in
which
the
remains
are
found
tells
us
much
about
the
nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on it, and even of its
climate.
2).Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water
action,
and
most
of
these
are
of
animals
that
lived
in
or
near
water.
Thus
it
follows
that
there
must
be
many
kinds
of
mammals,
birds,
and
insects
of
which
we
know
nothing.
3).There were also crablike creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny
substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on
the
sandy
bottom,
the
other
for
swimming.
The
head
was
a
kind
of
shield
with
a
pair
of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two
long but some were 2 feet.
4). Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell
composed
of
many
chambers,
each
representing
a
temporary
home
of
the
animal.
As
the
young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands
of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.
5).About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups
died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many
familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals though
now
extinct,
were
known
to
primitive
man
and
were
featured
by
him
in
cave
paintings
and on bone carvings.
[A]The
shellfish
have
a
long
history
in
the
rock
and
many
different
kinds
are
known.
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[B]Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and
shells
have
been
preserved
in
the
rocks
as
fossils.
From
them
we
can
tell
their
size
and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.
[C]The
first animals
with true backbones
were
the fishes, first known
in the rocks
of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals
able
to
live
both
on
land
and
in
water,
appeared.
They
were
giant,
sometimes
8
feet
long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer,
or
formed.
The
amphibians
gave
rise
to
the
reptiles
and
for
nearly
150
million
years
these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.
[D]The
best
index
fossils
tend
to
be
marine
creature.
There
animals
evolved
rapidly
and spread over large over large areas of the world.
[E] The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds
and
lived
in
the
sea.
Later
forms
are
more
complex,
and
among
these
are
the
sea-lilies,
relations
of
the
star-
fishes,
which
had
long
arms
and
were
attached
by
a
long
stalk
to the sea bed, or to rocks.
[F]When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away
by
streams
into
lakes
or
the
sea
and
there
get
covered
up
by
mud.
If
the
animal
lived
in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud
would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.
[G]Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an
organism
may
be
replaced
by
minerals,
dissolved
by
an
acidic
solution
to
leave
only
their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.
［试题分析］本篇是一篇科普文章 ，
介绍的是史前类动物。文章结构比较清晰，首先用一般
性的介绍来引入史前类动物和记载它们 形体和活动的化石，
接下来的几段就逐渐按照进化的
顺序来一一介绍各种动物。接下来我们具体 分析一下五个空白处的内容。

1
、考查知识点：段落主题＋句子之间的逻辑联系

先看空白处的位置（句中 ），再看一下空白处的上下文。
上文讲的是许多生物都已经灭
绝，
没有后代生活在这个 世界上。
下文讲的是化石使我们了解了这些生物的形态。
可以推断，
空白处是一个衔接 的句子，应该是从生物到化石介绍的过渡，再看选项中，
［
A
］［
B
］［
E
］
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