ikuo(完整版)高考英语概要写作之说明文

2021年1月21日发(作者：1269)
高考英语概要写作之说明文

一、写作指导

说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板：

（
1
）

描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象
+
性质功能
+
利弊”
：
（
in
the
passage
）

the
writer
introduces…
to
us,especially its….,from which we know…

（
2
）

针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题
+
解决方法”
：
The passage tells us…..

So the author tells us how to ..,including……






(3)

介绍某现象及其原因、结果。即“现象
+
原因
+
结果”
：
The
author
talks
about…..It
is
caused
by….As
a
result(consequently),….










在概要写作前，我们要通读短文，确 定其内容是属于那种类型，然后选择确当的模板。注意：不要关注
一些次要的细节却遗漏重要的要点，< br>尽量少使用原文语句，
多用自己的概括性的语言；
3
到
5
个句 子即可。


二、写作训练


1. In schools and at home,most of US have been scolded(
责备
) or even got punished for daydreaming. The
majority of people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something unproductive. But
many
medical
studies
have
shown
something
different.
They’ve
stressed
the
fact
that
daydreaming
works
wonders on our imagination,creativity and situation
-
handling techniques. In fact,many problems can be easily
solved if we daydream.













The topmost benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement. By separating yourself
from the world around you,you tend to enjoy the loneliness in your mind and get peace from daydreaming as
you think about something that calms your senses. When you start imagining things,you will forget all the stress
and tension(
紧张
) .Instead,you will get happiness from it and this happiness will turn into a source of energy
that helps you work in a good mood.














Many psycologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory. It’s true. When
you’re daydreaming,you’ll tend to get carried away to imagine various situations,either real or unreal. You tend
to
act
differently
in
different
situations,trying
to
satisfy
your
mind
by
doing
what
you
want
in
your
dreams.
When
your
mind
gets
satisfied,you
’
re
in
a
better
position
to
concentrate
more
on
your
work.
Since
daydreaming activates (
激活）

the nerves of your brain,you tend to have higher attentiveness and your ability
to remember things will develop.
















When
you
daydream,you
automatically
imagine
yourself
as
your
heart
says
and
therefore,you
get
to
know
yourself
better.
You
also
start
realizing
the
mistakes
you’ve
made
in
life
and
trying
your
best
to
avoid
repeating them. Such imagination techniques help you to connect yourself with your soul.




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2. The poaching
，
or illegal(
非法
) killing
，
of rhinos(
犀牛
) in South Africa is growing worse each year
．
The
government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2014
，
a year which had more
1

rhino killings in South Africa than ever before
．

The World Wildlife Fund
，
or WWF
，
says about 20
，
000 rhinos live in South Africa
．
That is more than 80
percent of the rhinos in the world
．
Edna Molewa
，
South Africa
’
s environmental issues minister
，
says
，
“
During
2014
，
we are sad to say this
：
1
，
215 rhinos were killed
．
This is a rise in the number of poached rhinos from 1004
in
2013
and
indeed
very
worrying
．
”
The
animals
are hunted
for
their
horns(
犀牛角
)
．
Many
people
in
Asia
believe the horn has



curing power
，
which drives poachers
，
at all costs
，
mad for more horns
．
But there is
no scientific


evidence for this belief
．
The horn is made of keratin
．
That is the same thing as human hair
，




fingernails and toenails
．

Ms
．
Mo1ewa said 386 suspected poachers were arrested last year
，
an increase from the year before
．
But
rhino
protection
workers
say
poachers
often
go
unpunished
after
arrest
．
South
Africa’s
legal
system
is
ineffective
．
Ms
．
Molewa said more needs to be done and South Africa is taking strong measures to protect
rhinos
．
The
efforts
include
moving
some
of
the
animals
to
secret
places
in
neighboring
countries
．
“
Now
approximately 100 rhinos have been moved to neighboring states in the SADC region during 2014 and 200 more
rhinos will be moved this year
”
Molewa said
．

Jo Shaw
，
the rhino program manager at the WWF
，
said
，
“
we
’
re talking about a loss of a hundred rhinos
a month
．
Or more than three a day
．
We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but
internationally
．
”
She
says
officials
should
find
the
criminal
groups
responsible
for
the
poaching
and
punish
them
．

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___ __________________________________________________ ______________________________________
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_____________ __________________________________________________ ___________________________

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s should think twice before rewarding their children's good behaviour with sweets, according to a
leading nutritionist.

Professor Susan Jebb, of Oxford University, says family attitudes should change as part of a wider strategy
on tackling obesity
（肥胖）

-
and there should be an alternative to the 'easy option' of handing out sweets to
youngsters.

Speaking to the Sunday Express, Prof Jebb said: 'Unless you instill(
灌输
) good eating habits from a young
age, it is likely children will grow up to become overweight it is very difficult to persuade parents
who see their children, who are a healthy weight, of the risks ahead.'Unlike with smoking, where the benefits of
giving up are obvious with evidence showing that every single cigarette shortens your life, the same cannot be
said for every single biscuit you eat.'

She also welcomed last week's comments by David Cameron that Britain's obesity 'crisis' should be treated
as seriously as smoking and that a tax on sugary drinks could be back on the agenda
（
议程）
. The Prime Minister
2