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sma是什么意思1992年1月大学英语六级

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2021-01-22 00:44
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原教旨主义-

2021年1月22日发(作者:dugas)

1992

1
月大学英语六级
(CET-6)
真 题试卷

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Lecturing
as
a
method
of
teaching
is
so
frequently
under
attack
today
from educational psychologists and by students that some justification
is needed to keep
it. Critics
believe that
is results in
passive methods
of
learning
which
tend
to
be
less
effective
than
those
which
fully
engage
the
learner.
They
also
maintain
that
students
have
no
opportunity
to
ask
questions and must all receive the same content at the same pace, that
they
are
exposed
only
to
one
teacher’s
interpretation
of
subject
matter
which
will
certainly
be
limited
and
that,
anyway,
few
lectures
rise
above
dullness.
Nevertheless,
in
a
number
of
inquiries
this
pessimistic
evaluation
of
lecturing
as
a
teaching
method
proves
not
to
be
general
among
students
although
they
do
fairly
often
comment
on
poor
lecturing
techniques.
Students
praise
lectures
which
are
clear
and
orderly
outlines
in
which
basic
principles
are
emphasized
but
dislike
too
numerous
d
igressions
(


) or lectures which consist in part of the contents of a textbook.
Students of science subjects consider that a lecture is a good way to
introduce
a
new
subject,
putting
it
in
its
value
as
a
period
of
discussion
of
problems
and
possible
solutions
with
their
lecturer.
They
do
not
look
for
inspiration
(
灵感
)

this is more commonly mentioned by teachers

but arts students look for originality in lectures. Medical and dental
students
who
have
reports
on
teaching
methods,
or
specifically
on
lecturing, suggest that there should be fewer lectures or that, at the
least, more would be unpopular.
21. The passage states that ________.
A) few students dislike lecturing as a teaching method
B) lecturing is a good method of teaching
C) lecturing as a teaching method proves to be uninspiring
D) most students like lectures because they can fully engage the learner
22. According to the critics,
A) lectures can’t make students active in their studies

B) some lecturers’ knowledge of their subjects limited

C) most lectures are similar in content
D) few lectures are dull
23. According
to
this
passage,
students
dislike
lectures
which
________.
A) introduce mat la[ not included in the textbook


B) present many problems for discussion
C) always wander from the subject
D) stress the main points
24. Lecturing as a teaching method is less appreciated by ________.
A) dental teachers
B) medical students
C) arts lecturers
D) science learners
25. According to the author, the evaluation of lecturing as a teaching
method by educational psychologists is ________.
A) defensive
B) conservative
C) realistic
D) negative
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It
has
to
decide
which
of
the
things
around
it
are
for
eating,
and
which
are
to
be
avoided
when
to
attack
and
when
to
run
away.
The
animal
is,
in
effect,
playing
a
complicated
and
potentially
very
dangerous
game
with
its
environment, discomfort or destruction.
This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would
survive
if
they
had
to
start
from
the
beginning
and
learn
about
the
world
wholly
by
trial
and
error,
for
there
are
the
have
possible
decisions
which
would prove fatal. So we find, in practice, that the game is always
arranged in favour of the young animal in one way or another. Either the
animal
is
protected
during
the
early
stages
of
its
learning
about
the
world
around it, or the knowledge of which way to respond is built into its
nervous system from the start.
The
fact
that
animals
behave
sensibly
can
be
attributed
partly
to
what
we might call
genetic
(
遗传的
) learning, to distinguish it from the
individual
learning
that
an
animal
does
in
the
course
of
its
own
life
time.
Genetic learning is learning by a species as a whole, and it is achieved
by selection of those members of each generation that happen to behave
in
the
right
way.
However,
genetic
learning
depends
upon
a
prediction
that
the
future
will
more
or
less
exactly
resemble
the
past.
The
more
variable


individual experience is likely to be, the less efficient is genetic
learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game.
It is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly
upon genetic learning. In the great majority of animals, behaviour is a
compound of individual experience and
genetic learning to behave in
particular ways.
26. According to the first paragraph, the survival game is considered
potentially very dangerous because ________.
A) animals are constantly threatened by attacks
B) wrong decisions will lead to the disappearance of a species
C) decisions made by an animal may turn out to be fatal
D) few animals can survive in their struggle with the environment
27. It
is
implied
but
not
directly
stated
in
the
passage
that
most
animals
________.
A) are likely to make wrong decisions
B) have made correct decisions for their survival
C) depend entirely on their parents in learning about the world around them
D) survive by means of individual learning
28. Genetic learning is effective only if ________.
A) the survival game is arranged in favour of the young animals
B) the animals can adapt themselves to the changing surroundings
C) circumstances remain more or less the same
D) the animals have varied individual experiences
29. The best TITLE for this passage would be ________.
A) The Decision-Making Ability of Animals
B) Survival and Environment
C) Reward and Penalty for Animals
D) Behaviour and Survival
30. How is genetic leaning achieved?
A) It is inherited from animals with keen observation.
B) It is passed down from those animals that behave in the correct way.
C) It is taught to the young generation.
D) It is learned by the new generation through trial and error.

原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-


原教旨主义-



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