程度-
2020
届中考阅读理解说明文专练
（一）
Hong Kong
﹣
Zhuhai
﹣
Macao Bridge
（
HZMB
）
opened on October 24
，
2018
．
It's
the
longest
cross
﹣
sea
bridge
in
the
world
．
The
bridge
is
55
kilometers long
．
It connects Hong Kong and
Macao to the Chinese mainland
city of Zhuhai
．
Construction
（建筑工程）
on the HZMB began
in 2009
．
It
is considered as one of the
（奇迹）
of the modern world
．
The HZMB is the only one in many ways
．
It can withstand wind speeds of
up to 185km/h and earthquakes with magnitude
（
震级）
of up to8
．
It's designed
to have a service life
（寿命）
of 120 years
，
20 years longer than most bridges
．
And It' s not just a bridge
，
but also part tunnel
（
隧道）
and part island
．
In
one section
（部分）
，
the bridge tums into a 6.7
﹣
km undersea tunnel
．
And the
tunnel passes through two man
﹣
made islands
．
The tunnel is the world's longest
undersea
tunnel
for
road
traffic
，
allowing
large
ships
to
continue
passing
through the sea area above the tunnel
．
The HZMB makes it more convenient to travel between the three areas
．
It
can shorten
（缩短）
the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai
．
People
used to spend four hours
，
but now it takes about 45 minutes
．
By
making
local
cities
and
areas
closer
together
，
the
HZMB
helps
the
areas' development
．
It can develop the economy
（经济）
of Hong Kong
，
Macao
and nine Guangdong cities
．
（
1
）
When did the HZMB open
？
A
．
On October 24
，
2009
．
B
．
On November 24
，
2009
．
C
．
On October 24
，
2018
．
D
．
On December 24
，
2018
．
（
2
）
what does the underlined word
？
A
．坚守
B
．躲避
C
．减轻
D
．承受
（
3
）
The bridge can help the three areas in many ways EXCEPT
．
A
．
developing the economy of the three areas
B
．
making the three areas have fewer earthquakes
C
．
making local cities and the three areas closer together
D
．
shortening the traveling time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai
（
4
）
How long does it take to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai according to the
passage
？
A
．
About 45 minutes
．
B
．
About 55 minutes
．
C
．
About 2 hours
．
D
．
About 4 hours
．
（
5
）
Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage
？
A
．
The bridge is 55 kilometers long
．
B
．
Construction on the HZMB began in 2009
．
C
．
The service life of the HzMB is 20 years shorter than most bridge
．
D
．
In one section
，
the undersea tunnel passes through two man made islands
．
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
（
5
）
C
（二）
When it comes to helping developing countries
，
we often think about offering
money in order that they can build schools and hospitals
，
buy food and medicine
，
or
find
clean
water
supplies.
These
seem
to
be
the
most
important
basic
needs
in
their lives. However
，
it's far from enough. We have to come up with better ideas.
A man called Nicholas Negroponte invented a cheap laptop computer
，
which
he decided to
invent after he visited a school in Cambodia. The laptop which Mr. Negroponte has
designed
is
not
the
same
as
the
normal
one
that
you
can
buy
in
the
shops.
One
difference is that it will be
covered in rubber so that it is strong and won't be damaged easily .As an electricity
supply can be
a problem in developing countries
，
the computer also has a special handle in order
that children
can wind the computer up to give it extra power when needed.
This
special
laptop
computer
will
cost
less
than
100
US
dollars
and
onte wants to
produce as many as 15 million laptop computers in the first year .The idea is that
these computers
will help the children's education as they will be able to access the Internet .These
computers
might not benefit the people in developing countries immediately
，
but by improving
children's
education they should help people to find their own solutions to their problems in
the long term.
Another idea to help children in developing countries is to recycle old mobile
phones so that
hey
can
be
used
again.
In
the
UK.
and
probably
in
many
other
countries
too
，
millions of mobile
phones are thrown away every year. The waste crested by throwing away thee old
phones is very
bed
for
the
environment
，
so
it
seems
to
be
an
excellent
idea
to
achieve
two
important goals at the same time
，
We will reduce
the waste we produce and help
others .In
other
words
,we
will
be
able
to
kill
two
birds
with
one
”and
that
is
always a good thing.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。
underlined phrase
。
A.
吹风
B.
给
……
上发条
C.
摇上
D.
利用空气
……
使
……
laptop computer that onte has designed
A. will be damaged much easier than the normal one
B. has a special handle to access the Internet
C. is cheap and can run with extra power
D. can be helpful to find the people's own solutions
ing
to
the
passage
，
what
benefit
can
we
get
from
recycling
old
mobile
phones?
A. We can reduce the waste to protect the environment.
B. We can help children in developing countries reuse the old mobile phones.
C. it is good for the environment and very educative for phone users.
D. It not only reduces the waste produced by developed countries but also helps
the children
in developing countries.
. Negroponte's cheap computer is mentioned in the passage to.
A .illustrate the kindness of people in the developed countries
B. tell us what high technology can help people
C. show how to find business opportunities in developing countries
D. give an example of how to help developing countries
is the best idea the author gives us to help the developing countries?
A. We need to help people in developing countries to help themselves
，
not just
throw money at the problem.
B.
We
should
spend
much
money
helping
people
in
developing
countries
build
more schools
and hospitals.
C. We should think about giving help to developing countries more often.
D.
We
should
help
the
people
in
developing
countries
by
improving
children's
education
immediately.
（三）
Dubai(
迪拜
)
is a
good place
to
travel
to.
There,
you
can
find
many
tall
building,
taste
lots
of
delicious food and experience some interesting things. Have you ever been to this
city? If
you go to Dubai during the summer holiday,
you may see special kind of
“taxi”. It is a drone(
无人机
). It flies in the sky by itself! It is said that Dubai plans to
use Chinese- made drones as a self-flying air taxi in July.
The drone taxi is named EHang 184. A Chinese company() made it. The city of
Dubai
will
start
using
it
in
July.
It
will
be
the
world’s
first
passenger
drone,
according to Yahoo News.
The drone taxi can fly up to 3,500 meters high. It can fly at a top speed of 160
kilometers an hour. It can only take one person.
How
do
you
call
an
Ehang
184?
You
use
its
app(
应用程序
)
on
your
the drone comes, you choose the place you want to go to on a touch
screen.
There
is
no
pilot
in
the
drone.
But
some
people
on
the
ground
will
be
watching it. They will make sure your trip is safe. You don’t have to worry about it.
EHang
184’s
battery(
电池
)can
only
keep
about
30
it
cannot
take
you further than 50 kilometers.
Would you like to take a trip in this flyin drone? Don’t wait. Let’s go!
49. EHang 184 was made by a(n) ______company.
A. Dubai’s
B. American
se
e
50. Which statement(
陈述
) about EHang 184 is correct?
is a pilot in it.
B. It’s battery can keep around half an
hour.
C. It can fly up to 4,500 kilometers.
D. The trip in it isn’t safe.
may we find this article?
A.
On
the
Internet.
B.
In
a
guide
book.
C.
In
a
story
book.
D.
In
a
novel.
52. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. The Exciting Vacation
B. The Special Trip
C. The Drone Taxi
D. The Computer Company
DBAC
（四）
On April 26, 2017, a big Chinese ship caught the eyes of the whole world. China's
first homemade aircraft carrier(
航空母舰）
hit the water in Dalian, Liaoning.
The new big ship is China's
second aircraft carrier. It
was designed in China
and built in China, too. It is about 315 meters long and 75 meters wide. That is a bit
larger than three soccer fields.
An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea. It can carry planes and troops to
war. Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it, and soldiers work and live on it,
too. But building an
An aircraft carrier is like an airport on the sea. It can carry
planes and troops to war. Planes fly from the carrier and land back on it, and soldiers
work and live on it, too. But building an aircraft carrier is so hard and expensive. It
costs a lot of money and needs a large amount of steel and other special materials.
For
example,
a
basic
aircraft
carrier
is
made
of
60,000
tons
of
steel.
It
also
uses
complex
（复杂的）
technologies, including radar, electrics, mechanics and weapons.
Finally, it takes years to build one. Today, not many countries own an aircraft carrier
or have the ability to build one. China has become the seventh country in the world
that can build an aircraft carrier by itself, after the USA, Russia, England, France,
Italy and Spain.
1. In which year did China's first homemade aircraft carrier hit the water?
A. In 2017.
D. In 2019.
2. What's the best title of this passage?
A. An Airport on the Sea
B. China Has Bought the Second Aircraft Carrier
C. China's Homemade Aircraft Carrier
D. The Sixth Country to Build an Aircraft Carver
3. What is not needed to build the aircraft carrier?
A. special materials
B. technologies
C. steel
wood
4. How many aircraft carriers does China have according to the passage?
A. one
B. two
C. three
D.
D.
B.
In
2016.
C.
In
2018.
four
5. How does the writer feel about the homemade aircraft carrier in China?
A. proud
B. worried
C. upset
D.
hopeless
ACDBA
（五）
What will the world of the future be like? There are plenty of people who are
happy
to
give
their
opinion
of
what
we
will
be
doing
in
2050.
Here
are
two
predictions about the world of tomorrow.
When
we
dream
about
the
future,
many
like
to
think
of
owning
a
personal
flying car. The advantages are obvious. This technology would allow total freedom
of
movement.
We
could
fly
at
480
km
per
hour,
avoiding
traffic
lights
and
busy
r,
some
people
believe
there
will
be
problems
with
traffic
control.
If
the
cars
become
popular, there is likely to be
air
traffic
jam.
Another
big
problem
is
mechanical
failure.
What
will
happen
if
the
cars
stop
working?
These
are
problems
we
must
expect
if
flying
cars
become a reality.
Three-dimensional
printing
is
another
new
technology with exciting
possibilities. 3D printers are used to build an object
with liquid plastic
They
build
the
object
layer
by
layer
until
it
is
complete. Car companies
already use 3D printers to make life-size models of
car parts, and medical
companies use the technology to make man-made body parts. As we move into the
future, 3D printing will revolutionize the way we shop, the way we manufacture and
the
way
we
treat
sick
people.
The
disadvantage
is
that
such
equipment
will
be
extremely expensive.
So
in
the
future,
we
might
be
able
to
fly
to
work
or
out
new
gh
there
are
some
problems
to
solve
before
this
will
be
possible,
we
can
certainly
dream
of
a
world
where
technology
makes
life
easier
and
safer
for
millions of people.
is the passage mainly about?
nmental protection.
world of tomorrow.
ages of technology.
do we learn from the passage?
people think technology development may bring new problems
B.3D printing can bring great changes to our life and its equipment is cheap.
flying cars won't bring air traffic jam even when they become popular.
is the correct structure of the passage?(P1=Paragraph1)
does the underlined word
companies.
B.3D print.
C.
Body parts.
can infer that the writerabout the future life with technology.
't care
hopeful
disappointed
1-5BAABB
（六）
（
10
分）
Do you know when and where ice cream was created
？
It has a long and
interesting history
．
The earliest ice cream was eaten in China many centuries ago
．
People at
that time would put orange juice on the ice or get something cool to drink
．
Later
，
this idea traveled to Italy
．
Around 1660
，
it was popular to serve ice cream in
coffee shops in Paris
．
Most of the shops were owned by Italians
．
Among them
，
the first successful one belonged to
（
属于）
a man named Francesco Procopius
．
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