金万利XX考研英语二阅读理解真题及解析

2021年1月22日发(作者：drills)
XX
考研英语二阅读理解真题及解析


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考研英语二阅读理解
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Part A
Directions:
Read
the
following
four
texts.
Answer
the
questions
below
each
text
by
choosing
A,
B,
C
or
D.
Mark
your
answers
on
ANSWER
SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
What would you do with 590m? This is now a question for
Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged
from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the
biggest
undivided
lottery
jackpot
in
history.
If
she
hopes
her
new-found
for
tune
will
yield
lasting
feelings
of
fulfillment,
she could
do
worse than
read Happy
Money
by Elizabeth
Dumn
and
Michael Norton.
These two academics use an array of behavioral research
to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be
counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve
visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction
with
these
material
purchases
wears
off
fairly
quickly
what
was
once
exciting
and
new
bees
old-hat;
regret
creeps
in.
It
is
far
better
to
spend
money
on
experiences,
say
Ms
Dumn
and
Mr
Norton,
like
interesting
trips,
unique
meals
or
even
going
to
the
cinema.
These purchases often bee more valuable with time-as stories
or memories- particularly if they involve feeling more
connected to others.
This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves
as
well
as
lottery
winners
get
the
most

bang
for
your
buck.
shorten their mutes to work, spend more time with friends and
family and less of it watching television (something the
average
American
spends
a
whopping
two
months
a
year
doing,
and
is
hardly
jollier
for
it).Buying
gifts
or
giving
to
charity
is
often
more
pleasurable
than
purchasing
things
for
oneself,
and
luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly.
This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the
availability
of
its
popular
McRib
-
a
marketing
trick
that
has
turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.
Readers of
“
HappyMoney
”
are clearly a privileged lot,
anxious about fulfillment, not may not quite buy
happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally
happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling
good and spending money on others can be seen among rich and
poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the
pleasure
of
most
things
for
most
people.
Not
everyone
will
agree
with
the
authors
’
policy
ideas,
which
range
from
mandating
more
holiday
time
to
reducing
tax
incentives
for
American
homebuyers.
But
most
people
will
e
away
from
this
book
believing
it
was
money
well spent
。

g to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is
the most rewarding purchase?
[A]A big house
[B]A special tour
[C]A stylish car
[D]A rich meal

author
’
s
attitude
toward
Americans
’
watching
TV
is
[A]critical
[B]supportive
[C]sympathetic
[D]ambiguous
is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that
[A]consumers are sometimes irrational
[B]popularity usually es after quality
[C]marketing tricks are after effective
[D]rarity generally increases pleasure
g to the last paragraph,Happy Money
[A]has left much room for readers
’
criticism
[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase
[C]has predicted a wider ine gap in the us
[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement
text mainly discusses how to
[A]balance feeling good and spending money
[B]spend large sums of money won in lotteries
[C]obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent
[D]bee more reasonable in spending on luxuries
Text 2
An article in Scientific America has pointed out that
empirical
research
says
that,
actually,
you
think
you
’
re
more
beautiful
than
you
are.
We
have
a
deep-seated
need
to
feel
good
about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of
self-enhancing strategies to research into what the call the
“
above
average
effect
”
,
or
“
illusory
superiority
”
,
and
shown
that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average
in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with
others
—
all obviously statistical impossibilities.
We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into
self-affirming situations. We bee defensive when criticized,
and
apply
negative
stereotypes
to
others
to
boost
our
own
esteem,
we stalk around thinking we
’
re hot stuff.
Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley
oversaw a key studying into self-enhancement and
attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their
beauty
press
with
others,
he
asked
them
to
identify
an
original
photogragh of themselves
’
from a lineup including versions
that
had
been
altered
to
appear
more
and
less
attractive.
Visual
recognition,
reads
the
study,
is
“
an
automatic
psychological
process ourring rapidly and intuitively with little or no
apparent conscious deliberation
”
. If the subjects quickly
chose a falsely flattering image- which must did- they
genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found
no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there
any evidence that, those who self-enhance the must (that is,
the participants who thought the most positively doctored
picture were real) were doing so to make up for profound
insecurities.
In
fact
those
who
thought
that
the
images
higher
up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded
with those who showed other makers for having higher
self- esteem.
“
I
don
’
t
think
the
findings
that
we
having
have
are any evidence of personal delusion
”
, says Epley.
“
It
’
s
a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of
themselves
’
.
If
you
are
depressed,
you
won
’
t
be
self-enhancing.
Knowing
the
results
of
Epley
‘
s
study,it
makes
sense
that
why
people
heat
photographs
of
themselves
Viscerally-on
one
level,
they don
’
t even recognise the person in the picture as
themselves, Facebook therefore ,is a self-enhancer
’
s
paradise,where
people
can
share
only
the
most
flattering
photos,
the
cream
of
their
wit
,style
,beauty,
intellect
and
lifestyle
it
’
s
not
that people
’
s profiles
are
dishonest,says
catalina
toma of Wiscon
—
Madison university ,
”
but they portray an
idealized version of themselves.
26. Aording to the first paragraph, social psychologist
have found that ______.
[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high
[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect
[C] our need for leadership is unnatural
[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective
27.
Visual
recognition is
believed to
be
people
’
s______
[A] rapid watching
[B] conscious choice
[C] intuitive response
[D] automatic self-defence
28.
Epley
found
that
people
with
higher
self-esteem
tended
to______
[A] underestimate their insecurities
[B] believe in their attractiveness
[C] cover up their depressions
[D] oversimplify their illusions
word
“
Viscerally
”
(Line 2,para.5) is closest in
meaning to_____.
[A]instinctively
[B]oasionally
[C]particularly
[D]aggressively
30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self- enhancer
’
s paradise because people can _____.
[A]present their dishonest profiles
[B]define their traditional life styles
[C]share their intellectual pursuits
[D]withhold their unflattering sides
Text 4