中考一般现在时和一般过去时讲解+练习

2021年1月22日发(作者：虞昌)
中考一般现在时和一般过去时讲解
+
练习

一般现在时


【
No. 1
】一般现在时的功能


1.
表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：
The sky is blue.
天空是蓝色的。


2.
表示经常性或习惯性的动作。常和频度副词、频度短语。连用如：
I get up at six every day.
我每天六点起床。

Always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/month/Sunday

3.
表示客观现实。如：
The earth goes around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。


一般现在时的构成


1. be
动词：主语
+be(am,is,are)+
其它。如：
I am a boy.
我是一个男孩。


2.
行为动词：主语< br>+
行为动词
(+
其它
)
。如：
We study English.
我们学习英语。



当主语为第三人称单数
(he,
she,it)
时，要在动词后加

或

。如：
Mary
likes
Chinese.
玛
丽喜欢汉语。



【
No. 2
】一般现在时的句型变化


1. be
动词的变化。



否定句：主语
+ be + not +
其它


。

如：
He is not a worker.
他不是工人。

一般疑问句：
Be +
主语
+
其它。



如：
-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

注意：

一般疑问句中
this
和< br>that
，回答用
it
代替，
these/those
用
they
代替

Are these your books? Yes, they are.

Is that a basketball? No, it isn
’
t


特殊疑问句：疑问词
+
一般疑问句。如：
Where is my bike?

2.
行为动词的变化。


否定句：主语
+ don't( doesn't ) +
动词原形
(+
其它
)
。如：
I don't like bread.


当主语为第三人称单数时，要用
doesn't
构成否定句。如：
He doesn't often play.

一般疑问句：
Do( Does ) +
主语
+
动词原形
+
其它。如：
- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do.
/ No, I don't.


当主语为第三人称单数时，要用
does
构成一般疑问句。

如：
- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词
+
一般疑问句。如：
How does your father go to work?


【
No. 3
】动词
+s
的变化规则


1
．一般情况下，直接加
-s
，如：
cook-cooks, milk-milks

2
．以
s.
x.
sh.
ch.
o
结尾，加
-es
，如：
guess- guesses,
wash-washes,
watch-watches,
go-goes
3
．以“辅音字母
+y
”结尾，变
y
为
i,
再加
-es
，如：
study-studies



一般现在时练习题


一、

写出下列动词的第三人称单数


drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______
pass_______




carry
____
come________



watch______



plant_______



fly
________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

8. The girl ______ (teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I _____ (take) a walk together every evening.

10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

11. Mike ___ ___(like) cooking.

12. They ____ (have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt ____(look) after her baby carefully.

14. You always ____ ___(do) your homework well.

15. I ______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

16. She ______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao ______(do) not like PE.

18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

19. Su Hai and Su Yang ______(have) eight lessons this term.

20.
－
What day ______(be) it today?
－
It
’
s Saturday

三、按照要求改写句子


1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(
改为否定句
)

______________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(
改为一般疑问句，作否定回答
)

______________ __________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(
改为否定句
)

__________________________

4. Amy likes playing computer games.(
改为一般疑问句，作否定回答
)

____________ _______________________________________

5. We go to school every morning(
对划线部分提问
)

_________________ ______________________________________

6. They are Americans. (
改为否定句
)

______ _____________________________________________

7. I like taking photos in the park.(
对划线部分提问
)

___________________ _____________________________________

8. John comes from Canada.(
对划线部分提问
)

_ __________________________________________________

9. She is always a good student.(
改为一般疑问句，作否定回答
)

__________ ______________________________________________

10. He goes to school by bus. (
对划线部分提问
)

________________________ ___________________________

四、改错
(
划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上
)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

3. He likes play games after class. __________________

4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________













一般过去时


A
．结构

①
be
动词（
is
，
am, are
）→
was/were
主语
+
谓语


②

实义动词→相应的动词过去式


B.
用法

①

表示过去的事实或状态。



例：
He was very busy an hour ago.
他在过去的一小时非常忙碌。


I was eight years old last year.
我去年
8
岁。


②

表示在过去某个时间内所作的事情，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

例：
She bought many books yesterday .
昨天她买了很多书。


I played table tennis with my friend last Monday.
上周一我和一个朋友打了乒乓球。


表示过去的时间状语，有：
yesterday
，
last week ,last year, two days ago,...

C.
动词的过去式


动词有规则动词和不规则动词之分。规则动词的过去式都是 以
-ed
结尾，而不规则动词的
过去式是没有规则。


①

一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加
ed
。

如：
wanted
，
played
。


②

以不发音的字母
e
结尾的动词，直接加
d
。

如：
hoped
，
lived
。


③

重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加
ed
。如：
stopped, shipped
。


④

以辅音字母
+y
结尾的动词变
y
为
i
，再加
ed
。

如：
studied
，
worried
。


⑤

有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆


一般过去时练习题




一、句型转换


1. The children played football in the park.


否定句：
_____________________ _____________________

一般疑问句：
_______ _________________________________

对划线部分 提问：
____________________________________

2. There were six students in the classroom.

否定句：
_________________________________ _________

一般疑问句：
___________________ _____________________

对划线部分提问：
_____ _______________________________

3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.

否定句 ：
__________________________________________

一般疑问句：
_______________________________ _________

对划线部分提问：
_________________ ___________________

4. Last week I read an English book.


否定句：
__________ ________________________________

一般疑问句：
________________________________________


对划线部分提问：
_______________________ _____________

5. My brother was in the park just now.


否定句：
____________ ______________________________

一般疑问句：________________________________________

对划线部分提问：
__________________________________ __

二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式


go _______ _______ enjoy _______ _______ buy _______ _______ eat _______ _______ get
_______ _______ walk _______ _______ take _______ _______ dance _______ _______ write
_______ _______ run _______ _______ swim _______ _______ find _______ _______ begin
_______ _______ eat _______ _______ play _______ _______ study _______ _______

三、用所给词的适当形式填空。


1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.

2. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o'clock last night.

3. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.

4. Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.

5. My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.

6. There ____________ a telephone call for you just now. (be)

7. -When _______ you _________ (come) to china? -Last year.

8. _________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?

9. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term(
学期
)?

10. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no
time to watch it.

四、改错题
(
请改正每个句子中的一个错误
)

1
．
How is Jane yesterday? _________________________________________

2
．
He go to school by bus last week. ________________________________

3
．
He goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________

4
．
I can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________

5
．
Did you saw him just now. _______________________________________

6
．
Tom wasn't watch TV last night. ________________________________

7
．
I did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________

8
．
He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________

9
．
Who find it just now? ____________________________________________




二、英语书面表达专项训练

2
．

“
持之以恒，方得始。
”
坚持是一种可贵的品格。生活中想要做成任何一件事 情，都需
要持之以恒的精神。

某英文网站正在开展以
“
坚持
”
为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投
稿。谈淡你在初中生活中坚持的 一件事（爱好，习惯
……
），你是怎样做的，以及你的感
受。

提示词语：
keep, practice, difficult, give up, proud

提示问题：
1. What did you do?

2. How do you feel?

It s important for us to keep trying to achieve our goals.

【答案】
It's important for us to keep trying to achieve our goals.I love running and I have kept
running for three years.

When I was in Grade 7
，
I was not good at sports and running was always my headache.I often
failed in my running order to catch up with my classmates
，
I began to practice running
every day after mes
，
I was so tired that I really wanted to give I kept telling
myself that I could make matter what kind of difficulties I faced
，
I tried my best to keep
I do much better in running and I'm very proud of myself.I feel more confident and
I'm ready for any challenges in the future.

【解析】

【分析】

本篇是材料作文，根据所给提示写一篇自己在 初中生活中坚持做的事；文中写明自己是怎
么做的并谈谈自己的感受。

【详解】

1.
本篇要求根据所给材料，用第一人称写初中生活中自己坚持做 的一件事，根据提示，描
写
“What did you do?
用一般过去时，描写
How do you feel?
用一般现在时。书写时要紧扣主
题，文句通顺。

2.
本 例文开篇立即点明自己的坚持做的事是
“
跑步
”
，正文部分详细地描写了自己 起初跑步
总是不及格，通过克服困难、不懈地努力，坚持跑步，到现在比以前会跑；结尾谈了这件
事对自己的影响；文章结构清晰，前后呼应。

3.
本例文出彩之处在于用了很多的 短语和重点句型。比如：固定搭配、固定句型
It's +adj+
for us +to do sth
、
love doing sth
、
keep doing
、
be good at
、
catch up with
、
be proud of
；不
定式
in order to
；
try my best to
；状语从句
so…that …
；比较级
do much better in …
、
feel
more confident
等；短语多彩、文句表达多样。




3
．
请你根据以下内容提示
,
为学校广播站英语专栏写一 篇短文
,
介绍发生在你好朋友王强
Wang Qiang
身上的一件事。

1.
上周一放学后
Wang Qian g
骑车回家
,
在十字路口
,
看到一位老太太正要过马路。

2.
当时交通灯坏了
,
所有车辆都一个接一个通过十字路口。

3.
老太太犹豫不决
,
不敢独自穿过十字路口。

4.王强看到这种情况
,
主动上前拦住了车辆领着老人安全过了路口。

5.
请就此事谈谈你的看法
......

要求
: 1.< br>短文要包括以上所有要点。
2.
行文连贯
,
可适当发挥。
3.
词数
:80-100
。开头部分已给
出
,
不计入总词数。< br>
参考词汇
:
十字路口
crossroads
在
……
犹豫不决
hesitate in


Last Monday Wang Qiang rode his bike back
home._____________________________________________ _____________________________
_________________ __________________________________________________ ____________
__________________________________ _____________________________________________
_ __________________________________________________ ____________________________
__________________ __________________________________________________ ___________
___________________________________ ____________________________________________
__ __________________________________________________ ___________________________
___________________ __________________________________________________ __________
____________________________________ ___________________________________________
___ __________________________________________________ __________________________
______________

【答案】
Last Monday Wang Qiang rode his bike back home. On his way home, at a crossroads
he saw an old lady going across the road. Because the traffic lights didn’
t work at that time, all
the traffic crossed the road without stopping one by one. The lady hesitated in whether she
should cross it, but she was afraid to do that When Wang Qiang saw that, he offered to stop the
traffic with his bike in order to lead her to cross the road safely.

In my opinion, Wang Qiang is such a good example that we should learn from him. At the same
time we also suggest that all the drivers should let people cross first and then traffic when this
situation happens.

【解析】