失重状态第二版新标准大学英语综合教程翻译

2021年1月22日发(作者：tenor)





中国有一句话，叫
“
人贵有自 知之明
”
。这个观念的最早提出者是老子。老子在《道德
经》里说“知人者智，自知者 明”
。有“自知之明”是指人应该对自己有正确的认识，了解
自身的优点和缺点，清醒地知道自 己能做什么。我们把人的自知视为“贵”
，可见做到“自
知”是多么的不易。
“自知之 明”是一种人生哲学，也是一种品德。它可以帮助我们不断地
修正自己，朝着更高的人生目标迈进





As the Chinese saying goes, it is important to know oneself. The first person to put forward
this
notion
was
Laozi,
who
wrote
in
his
book
Dao
De
Jing
:
“A
person
who
knows
others
is
intelligent, but a person who knows himself is insightful.” To know oneself is to have a correct
understanding of oneself, including o
ne’s strengths and limitations, and to be clear
-minded about
what one can do. We cherish this virtue so much precisely because it is really hard for people to
know
themselves.
Knowing
oneself
is
both
part
of
a
philosophy
of
life
and
a
virtue
that
can
facilitate self-improvement and attainment of a higher life goal.

与父辈相比，< br>现在的孩子在物质生活上要丰富得多，
但在精神上则略有欠缺。
他们不太可能
和 伙伴们一起玩，
玩具取代伙伴成了他们最忠实的朋友。
他们的父母从不缺钱给他们买各种
贵重玩具。
这样的好处是：
他们不再整天缠着父母，
因为玩具和电子游戏减轻了他们 的孤独
感。
但也有负面影响：
沉迷于玩具和电子游戏会让孩子视力下降或者让他们不愿 意与别人交
流。这种现象应引起家长和学校的关注。


Compared with the childhood of their parents, children now do enjoy a far better material life,
but their emotional life seems less satisfying. They are less likely to play with their peers, for toys
have replaced their playmates as their most loyal friends. Their parents can always afford to buy
them all kinds of expensive toys. The good thing about this is that they no longer pester their
parents to play with them all day long, because toys and video games have lessened their feelings
of
loneliness.
But
there
are
also
negative
effects:
The
addiction
to
toys
and
video
games
may
cause a child’s eyesight to deteriorate or result in reluctance to communicate with others. These
phenomena should demand the attention of both parents and schools.
在敦煌莫高窟，最著名的艺术杰作要数壁画“飞天”
（
flying apsaras
）
。敦煌飞天是印度文化
和中国文化共同孕育而成的。
在印度，
被称 为
“飞天”
的空中飞行的天神
（
celestial beings
）
多出现在佛教石窟壁画（
grotto
mural
）中，中国道教传统则把在空中飞行的天神称为“飞
仙”
（
flying immor tals
）
。
魏晋南北朝时，
佛教初传入中国，
壁画中的飞仙开始被 称为
“飞天”
。
后来，
随着佛教在中国的深入发展，
佛教的飞天和道 教的飞仙在艺术形象上相互融合。
敦煌
莫高窟的飞天是中国古代艺术家的杰作，是世界艺术
史的奇迹。


In
the
Mogao
caves
in
Dunhuang,
the
murals
with
“flying
apsaras”
are
one
of
the
most
well-known
artefacts.
The
flying
apsaras
in
the
Dunhuang
Grotto
Murals
are
a
product
of
the
intermixing of Indian and Chinese culture. In India, flying celestial beings called “flying apsaras”
appear mostly in murals in Buddhist caves, while in the Chinese Daoist tradition, flying celestial
beings
are
known
as
“flying
immortals”.
During
the
Wei,
Jin,
and
Northern
and
Southern
dynasties, when the introduction of Buddhism in China was at an early stage, people began to
use
the
term
“flying
apsaras”
to
refer
to
the
flying
immortals
in
the
murals.
Later,
with
the
development
of
Buddhism
in
China,
the
artistic
images
of
Buddhist
flying
apsaras
and
Daoist
flying immortals merged with each other. The flying apsaras in the Dunhuang Grotto Murals are a
most ingenious creation of ancient Chinese artists, and a marvel in the history of world art.
目前，
中国老年人口居世界第一，已经进入老 龄化社会。
而中国现在正处于社会转型期，建
立一个完整的社会福利体系仍需很长的一段时间，
因此中国的养老问题较为特殊。
预计在今
后半个世纪，家庭养老仍然是中国主流的养老 模式。孝敬父母（
filial piety
）一直是中国传统