special怎么读英语四级选词填空练习资料讲解

2021年1月22日发(作者：英语关联词)




英
语
级
选
词
填
空
练
习

四
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英语四级选词填空专项练习


Passage 1


What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it
afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re
2
with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(
肥胖
).
Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(
矛盾情结
) lies in our history. The first Europeans
came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash
crop(
经济作物
) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intend
ed to
prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.


The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do
means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be
5 by
imports
—
pizza, say, or h
ot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking
comes from people who arrived here in shackles.


Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the
nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the s
it
ins at southern
lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one
refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6


But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what
they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more
about what they contain.


The 9
in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no
coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such
bondage(
束缚
). It’s what we eat—
and how we 10 it with friends, family, and
strangers
—
that help define America as a community today.


A. answer
I. creative


B. result
J. belief


C. share
K. suspicious


D. guilty
L. certainty


E. constant
M. obsessed


F. defined
N. identify


G. vanish
O. ideals


H. adapted

Passage 2


After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake
scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(
死亡人数
) could have
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been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and
earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.


Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred
at 4:31 a.m. On a holida
y, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition,
__3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have
strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.



In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials,
such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a
building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its
foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give
buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the
structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When ground
shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift
in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities
where earthquakes ofen take place.


The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would
save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.


[A]changes


[I]resistant


[B]flexible


[J]expensive


[C]decrease


[K]force


[D]recent


[L]accordingly


[E]push


[M]intensity


[F]reduce


[N]security


[G]relatively


[O]opposed





[H]safety

Passage 3
Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further.
The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1 you money or
can add to the cost. Take the 2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer,
you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whose look you like
and which is also the cheapest 4 price. But when you get it home you may find that it
takes twice as long as a more expensive 5 to dry your cost of the electricity
plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of
all.


So what principles should you 6 when you go out shopping? If you keep
your home, your car or any valuable 7
in excellent condition, you’ll be
saving money
in the long run. Before you buy a new 8 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can,
use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an
expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose
10 three items or three estimates.


［
A
］
possession
［
B
］
save
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［
C
］
best
［
D
］
appliance


［
E
］
material
［
F
］
from
［
G
］
simple
［
H
］
with


［
I
］
in
［
J
］
element
［
K
］
model
［
L
］
item


［
M
］
easy
［
N
］
adopt
［
O
］
reasonable

Passage 4
There’s no question that the Earth is
getting hotter. The real questions are: How
much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling
our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?


Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something
projected by the same computer 4
that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a
raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad
thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 change can sound like an
environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our
lifestyles.


Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some
discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is
heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6 is up 1°
F over the past century, but
some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t
pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.


The 9 are happening largely out
of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind,
because they are omens of what’s in store for the
10 of the planet.


[A]remote
[I]melting
[B]techniques
[J]vanishing
[C]consisting


[K]eroding
[D]rest
[L]temperature
[E]willing
[M]curiosity


[F]climate
[N]changes
[G]skill
[O]skillful
[H]appetite

Passage 5
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It seems you always forget
—
your reading glasses when you are rushing to work,
your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are
shopping...


Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German
scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2 sees.


The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember
things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3
the user to
walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects
indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills
in.


It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts
or by electricians wiring a 7 device.


A spokesman for the project said:
glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired.
For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road.


In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour,
10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be
identified.


[A] allow
[I] user


[B] instance


[J] complicated


[C] blank


[K] white


[D] industrial


[L] annoying


[E] frustrating


[M] successful


[F] items


[N] articles


[G] indicating


[O] simple


[H] highlight

Passage 6
For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have
developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? the population is
ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? species are becoming 2 in vast numbers,
and the planet’s air and water are becoming ever more polluted.



But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and
other natural resources have become more 3
not less so, since the book ‘The Limits to
Growth’ was published in 197
2 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now
produced per 4
of the world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are

5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are
expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 6 . And
finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are
transient
–
associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best
cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution
–
the
release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming
–
does appear to be a
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phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is
unlikely to 9 a devastating (
令人心神不安的
) problem. A bigger problem may well
turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.


Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that
environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction
between 10 and reality.
A) pose
I) starving


B) exaggerated
J) head


C) accelerating
K) running


D) extinct
L) predicted


E) exist
M) abundant


F) perception
N) conception


G) wealthy
O) reducing


H) magnified

Passage 7
EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the
climate of the strange ___1_____happens every five to eight starts
in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(
信
风
)
，
which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds
lessen in ____2____,the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in
form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.


The warming of the ocean has far- reaching hot,humid(
潮湿
的
)air over the ocean causes severe ___3___ rainfall is increased
acrossAounth American ____4____floods to the West pacific,there are
droughts affecting Australia and while some parts of the world perpare
for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and____5____.


EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the
most___6____weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more
than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____7___of
1990 EI Nino will ____9___,but they are still not __10___sure what leads to it or
what affects how strong it will be.


A)estimate


H)attraction


B)strength
I)completely


C)deliberately
J)destructive


D)notify
K)starvation


E)tropical
L)bringing


F)phenomenon
M)exhaustion


G)stable
N)worth
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O)strike

Passage 8
Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are
remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them __1__ to people
saying there is a
nything different about them. “I’m really just a normal guy,” __
2__
an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a
brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their __3__ fans
suggest. They start to wear __4__ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what
they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to
reality as fast as they had __5__ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such
__6__ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it
feel like to have flown so high only to __7__ from your dream and realize you; are
only human? Some only see the __8__ in losing something they had gained. They
often make __9__ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even
greater pain. Some become __10__ financially and emotionally. The only real
winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.


A) desperate


I) wake


B) disappointing


J) contest


C) cruelty


K) object


D) bankrupt


L) worshipping


E) fancy


M) dignity


F) protects


N) originally


G) altitude


O) protests


H) similarly

Passage 9
When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew
only a few words of English .Education soon became a __1
__. “I couldn’t understand
anything,” he said. He __
2__ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought
about dropping out.


Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching
him math and science in his __3
__Spanish.“She helped me stay smart while teaching
me English ,”he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he __
4__
confidence and began to succeed in school.


Today, he is a __5__ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several
hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he __6__ through
bilingual education to treat his patients.


Roberto’s story is just one of __
7__ success stories. Research has shown that
bilingual education is the most __8__ way both to teach children English and ensure
that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students __9__
outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif. , implemented
bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average
and college __10__ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs
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have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the
nation.


A) wonder
I) hid


B) acquired
J) prominent


C) consistently
K) decent


D) regained
L) countless


E) nightmare
M) recalled


F) native
N) breakthrough


G) acceptance
O) automatically


H) effective

Passage 10
As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn
into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups
of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after
learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2
__ of peacemakers. The Children’
s
Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (
提名
) for the Nobel Peace
Prize in 1998. groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and
poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in
Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.
The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent
behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for
each person empowers children to take a step __6__toward becoming peacemakers.
Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful
when helping children along the path
to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website
with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World
Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights
and how to help the __9
__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club is a praiseworthy
venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the
culture of the __10__ school.


A) victims
I) forward
B) technology
J) especially
C) role
K) entire
D) respectively
L) cooperative
E) projects
M) comprehensive
F) offers
N) assuming
G) information
O) acting
H) images


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【答案及详解】

Passage 1


【全文翻译】



美国人如何看待食物呢
?
我们 爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要
最好的，但是却热衷于享受垃圾食品
;
我 们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥胖却又空
前地在蔓延。也许，这种矛盾源于我们的历史。首批来到这个大陆 的欧洲人是
为了寻找新的香料，但却一无所获
;
首种经济作物不是用来吃的，而是用来 吸
得。那时，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。



移民的经历也与此有内在的关系。入乡随俗意味着要吃
“
典型的美国人”
的
饮食，但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。美国
最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。



无论是在波士顿倾茶事 件中，还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中，食物都曾
被用来作为界定斗争的一种手段，这也许是不足为奇的 。无论是出于宗教原因
而戒酒，还是由于政治避难而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。



但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的。美国人对他们所吃 的食物的态
度是矛盾的。我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们的成分
时。< br>


对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的
想象力束缚在食物之中，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是偶然
的。

1. D feel
是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，
以及后面介词
about,
可以确定选项为
D
项
guilty,
短语
feel guilty about sth.
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