美国国家宇航局英语专四真题与参考复习资料

2021年1月22日发(作者：各方)
2018
英语专四真题与参考答案

2018
英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案

PART

III

LANGUAGE USAGE





There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked
A, B, C and D.

Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour
answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.


11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt
’
s first attempt to build a smooth- sided
pyramid.
A. has been believed to have been
B. was believed to be
C. is believed to have been
D. is believed to be

12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for
students looking to apply to university campus.
A. maintains
B. is maintaining

C. maintained

D. has been maintaining

13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.
A. actually
B. accidentally
C. otherwise
D. seldom

14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________
mountains behind the apple orchard.
A. blue hazy Virginia
B. hazy blue Virginia
C. Virginia hazy blue
D. Virginia blue hazy

15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.
A. the evil
B. evil
C. evils
D. an evil
1
/
11
2018
英语专四真题与参考答案


16.
Indeed,
it
is
arguable
that
body
shattering
is
the
very
point
of
football,
as
killing
and
maiming
______________.
A. war
B. are war
C. of war
D. are of war

17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is
altered when exposed to light.
A. its most basic
B. its basic
C. the most basic
D. the basic

18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed.
The infinitive verb phrase
“
only to learn
”
is used __________.
A. to express an intended purpose
B. to indicate a high degree of possibility
C. to reveal an undesirable consequence
D. to dramatize a stated fact

19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?
A. I wonder what
’
s
behind
this change of plan.

B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing
behind
him.
C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I
’
m getting terribly
behind
.
D. I suppose I
’
m lucky because my parents were
behind
me all the way.

20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she
would have been
immensely proud of
what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.
A. a hypothesis
B. a suggestion
C. a contradiction
D. a surprise

21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________,
their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.
A. justice
2
/
11
2018
英语专四真题与参考答案

B. testimony
C. trial
D. verdict

22._________,
the
most
controversial
candidate
in
the
election
campaign,
he
has
been
strongly
criticized for his crude comments about women.
A. Questionably
B. Arguably
C. Contentiously
D. Debatably

23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.
A. cut
B. buoy
C. offer
D. offset

24. The celebrity says in court papers she
“
has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone
to proceed with a divorce.
”

A. recommendation
B. recording
C. recollection
D. recognition


actually
__________
a
good
angle
—

or
a
good
selfie
overall
—

is
rooted
in
what
we
consider beautiful.
A. consists
B. constitutes
C. composes
D. constructs

26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its
unique development program.
A. final
B. further
C. supplementary
D. extra

3
/
11
2018
英语专四真题与参考答案

27.
The
teachers
’

union
_________
a
lawsuit
against
the
district
calling
for
repairing
“
deplorable
”

school conditions.
A. fired
B. filed
C. fined
D. filled

28.
Last
March
the
__________
of
a
19
th

century
cargo
ship
was
found
by
an
underwater
archaeological team.
A. debris
B. ruins
C. remains
D. wreck

29. She
’
s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.
A. countless
B. countable
C. numerical
D. numeral

30.
A
leading
___________
intelligence
and
operations
company
has
released
its
analysis
of
worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.
A. oceangoing
B. oceanic
C. marine
D. maritime


PART

IV

CLOZE





Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted
in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONL
Y. Mark the letter for each word on
ANSWER SHEET.
A. accompanies



B. automatically


C. couple






D. goes




E. indebtedness
F. kind










G. manner







H. mercifully



I. one





J. obey
K. renowned





L. subscribe






M. unknown



N. virtue



O. widespread


A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas
cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the response
4
/
11
2018
英语专四真题与参考答案

he received was amazing
—
holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the
people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a
card never inquired into the identity of the unknown professor. They received his holiday
greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of
one
of
the
most
powerful
of
the
weapons
of
influence
around
us
—
the
rule
for
reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has
provided us. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends
us
a
birthday
present,
we
should
remember
his
birthday
with
a
gift
of
our
own;
if
a
couple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtue of
the
reciprocity
rule,
then,
we
are
obligated
to
the
future
repayment
of
favors,
gifts,
invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtedness to accompany the receipt of such
things that a term like “much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only
in the English language but in others as well.

The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that
goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive
study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that
does not subscribe to the rule.



PART V

READING COMPREHENSION

SECTION A

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS





In
this
section
there
are
three
passages
followed
by
ten
multiple
choice
questions.
For
each
multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.

Choose the one
that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.

PASSAGE ONE




（
1
）
The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were
free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on
their
lives
by
kings
and
governments,
priests
and
churches,
noblemen
and
aristocrats.
The
historic
decisions
made
by
those
first
settlers
have
had
a
profound
effect
on
the
shaping
of
the
American
character.
By
limiting
the
power
of
the
government
and
the
churches
and
eliminating
a
formal
aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual
freedom
is
probably
the
most
basic
of
all
the
American
values.
By
freedom,
Americans
mean
the
desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from
the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.

5
/
11