socko英语翻译重点(1)

2021年1月22日发(作者：comprehensively)

英译汉

Unit 1
(1)Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin
’
s theory that facial expressions are universal
and researchers found that the particular visible pattern
on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for
anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful
until it is realized that a person
’
s cultural
upbringing
determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or
suppressed
, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.
力求证明达尔文关于面 部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看
得见的形状，即因愤怒 、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合
,
我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但 是这似乎无济于事，
只要我们意识到一个人
生长
的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或< br>压抑
,
决定了在何种
场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。


(2)The stumbling block of assumed similarity is a
“trouble
m,
”
as one English learner expressed it, not only for the
foreigner but for the people in the host country with whom the international visitor comes into contact.
正如一个学习英语的人所表达的那样，相似性的假设这个的绊脚石是一个 “麻烦”
，不仅仅是对于来访的
外国人，就连这个外国人接触的东道国的人也都是个问题。

(3)They abstract whatever fits into their personal world of recognition and then
interpret
it through
the frame of
reference
of their own culture.
他们只提取出 那些适合他们认可的个人世界的东西，然后按照他们自身文化为
参考系
来加以
解释。


Unit 3
(1)The key to
Crockpot
stepfamilies is time and low heat. I
’
ve already stressed the importance of being patient
with the
integration
process and not trying to
force love, care, or togetherness. Often, in an attempt
to quickly
combine
various
ingredients
such
as
people,
rituals,
and
backgrounds,
stepfamilies
use
the
food
processor,
microwave, pressure cooker, and
blender integration
styles. 瓦罐煨汤式
融合的继亲家庭的关键是温火慢炖。前文我已经强调了
整合
过程中有耐 心，而不强迫关爱、强
迫关心、强迫在一起的重要性。通常，为了快速的将诸如人，仪式和背景等原料合 并一体，继亲家庭采用
食品加工式，微波炉式，高压锅式和
果汁机式
的融合方式。

(2)Stepfamilies need time to adjust to new living conditions, new parenting styles, rules, and responsibilities. They
need time to experience one another and develop trust,
commitmen
t, and a shared history. They need time to find
a sense of belonging and an
identity
as a family unit. None of these things can be rushed.
继亲家庭需要时间来适应新的居住环境，新的父母家教 风格，规矩和责任。他们需要时间来相互体验，产
生信任，形成
忠诚
，创造共同的历史 。他们需要时间来寻找作为一个家庭的归属感和
认同
感。所有这些都
不能操之过急。< br>

(3) A watched pot never
boil
s.
心急水不
开
。


(4) Meredith considered it her
“
down time
”
to relax and read a good book, Terry enjoyed playing with friends,
while Joe mastered his latest computer game.
Meredith
会把闲暇时间当作者“
工歇时间
”，放松自己，读一本好书。
Terry
喜 欢和朋友们一起玩，而
Joe
则精通又一种最新的电脑游戏。




Unit 4
(1)When economists first began to
measure
the sources of economic growth, what previously had been considered
an unexplained
residual
became
identified as
human capital.
当经济学家开始
测定
经济发展的因素 时，从前被认为是无法解释的
剩余
因素
被决定
为人力资本。


(2)The term
“
human capital
”
suggests to some a
depersonalization
of individual and is associated in the popular
mind with a
dehumanizing
society that equates men with machines. n.
[
心理
]
人格解体，人性之丧失
< br>“人力资本”这一术语让人觉得是剥夺人的个性，在公众的脑海里联想到将人与机器等同的异化社会。
vt.
使成兽性；使失掉人性

(3)When we think about an appropriate investment strategy in China, and the development of its
regions
, it is very
important to understand that

optimizing
over the full

portfolio
of investment
—
both human and physical capital
—
promote the highest rate of growth.
当我们思考在中国的适当投资策略以及各
地区
发展 的时候，十分重要的是要知道，
优化
人力资本和实物资
本投资
组合
将 推动最高速度的发展。


(4)There are benefits to education that are not directly captured by individuals, these
externalities
are likely to be
quite large in China.


















































n.
外部性；外部效应

教育的收益有些并不是个人直接获得的，这些
间接受益< br>在中国很有可能是巨大的。


(5)It is important to evaluate government activity on a quantitative basis, to
screen
the bad investments from the
good ones and to conduct policy
on a factually informed basis.

对政府的活动进行量化评估，
剔除
坏的投资保留好的投资，
实事求是地
执行政策，这是至关重要的。


(6)Labor markets are so distorted that wages do not reflect this true
marginal contribution
of educated labor to the
economy.
劳动市场如此被扭曲，结果工资没有反映出受教育的劳动者对经济的真实的
边际贡献。


Unit 5

(1)The
synergies

between
the
goals
of
gender
equity,
poverty
alleviation

and
environmental
sustainability
are
explored below
in terms of
addressing poverty, health, climate change, natural disasters and creating sustainable
livelihoods
by
empowering

(v.
授权；允许
)women
in
the
realms
of

agriculture,
forest
and
biodiversity
management.
下文对
性别平等、减 轻贫困
以及环境的可持续性三者的
协同作用
与妇女贫困问题的关系进行了研究，主要< br>涉及

解决贫困、

健康、
气候变化、
自然灾害以及 强化妇女在农业、
林业、
生态多元化管理
领域
中的权力，
使之创造出 可持续的生存方式等问题。


(2)There are
differences
in exposure
暴露

according
to
age and
economic
status,
and
in
some
cultures
women
tend to
undervalue
their own health, leading to
under-reporting
of problems.
根据年龄与经济情况的不同，受污染空气毒害的程度各异。在有些国家，妇女有轻 视自己的健康状况的倾
向从而导致（毒气影响健康的）问题
没有得到充分的报道
。

(3)Climate change is expected to increase the burden of disease
considerably (adv.
相当地；非常地
) allowing
vectors
to
breed
in latitudes or altitudes where current temperatures prevent them.
气候的变化极大地加重了 疫情。原因是目前该地域的气温能抑制传染病媒介的兹生，而气温的变化将会适
宜于这些
传染病 媒介
的
繁殖
。