sole-
第一节
合同常用词
(Usual Wording)
当大量接触英文合同,就会发现英文合同中有些词 或短语出现的频率非常高,往往影响或决定了对合同的准确理解,下面就分门别
类从常见实词和常见虚词 两个方面进行具体介绍:
一、英文合同常用虚词
(Usual Function Words)
1. Here/there/where+
介词构成的古体词基本规则:
Here
代表
this
,
there
代表
that
,
where
代表
which
或
what
即
her e/there/where+
介词
=
介词
+this/that/whic h or what
Hereby: by means of; by reason of this.
特此,由此,兹等意。
Herein
:
in this
。此中,于此。
Hereinafter: later in the same Contract.
以下,在下文。通常与
to be referred to as, referred as, called
连用。
Hereof
:
of this
。关于此点,在本文件中。
Hereunder
:
under this.
本文件规定。
Hereto
:
to this.
本文件的。
Thereof
:
of that.
它的,其。
Thereto
:
to that
与之,向那里。
Herewith
:
with this.
与此,附此。
Thereby
:
by that means.
因此,由此,从而
Thereafter: after that
,
afterwards.
此后。
Therein: in that; in that particular context; in that respect.
在那里
;
在那点上
;
在那方面。
Therewith
:
with that.
以此
;
此外。
Whereby: by the agreement; by the following terms and conditions, etc.
凭此协议,凭此条款等。
2. WITNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore, NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS, Know All Men by these presents
,
In witness
Whereof,
In
Testimony
Whereof,
SSETH,
Whereas,
Now
Therefore
用于英文合同前言部分,
In
witness
Whereof
用于合同结尾证明部分,在第二章篇章结构特点中已有涉及,恕不赘述。
In Testimony Whereof: in Witness Whereof.
以此为证,特立此证。
NOW THESE PRESENTS WITNESS:
兹特立约为据
,
本句话也是用于
WHEREAS
条款之后引出具体协议事项。
KNOW ALL MEN by these presents:
根据本文件,特此宣布。
(
通常用于前言部分
)
Undersigned:
法律文件末尾的签名者
,
前面加定冠词
the,
是指文件签署者的自称。
3. Notwithstanding: in spite of, despite.
即使,尽管。
4. As
合同英语中
as
出现的频率极高,而且用法灵活多变 ,是典型的自由人。在某种意义上讲,
as
使用的熟练程度可以衡量合同英语的
造诣。
As
放在代表规定的
provide
,
stipulate
,
set forth
,
prescribe
等词的过去分词前,含义为“ 依照某某规定”。
例
1
:
For purpose of this, Capital Account shall be adjusted hypothetically as provided for in Section 4.6 herein.
基于此,应依照本合同第四条第六款调整资金账户。
另有
Except as otherwise provided
结构,表示“除非本文
/
某条款另有规定”。
As
构成:
as the case may be(
视具体情况而定
)
,
as the case may require(
视具体要求而定
)
和
as the Venturers may determine
等
短语。
As
构成
as of the date of ____ (date)
短语是英语合同中表示“自某年某月某日起”最正式的表达。
As
还用在
as soon as practical
短语中,意义用法相当于
as soon as possible.
As
与
such
连用是英文合同中一大特色,参看本书第二章第三节部分,在此不在赘述。
5. foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned, above-mentioned, in question Foregoing, aforesaid, the said, aforementioned,
above-mentioned
一族,一般放在名词前作限定,意为“前述的”或“上述的” ,为避免重复已经提到的姓名或名称。
In question: under consideration; being talk about.
通常表示“在考虑或讨论中的”某件事或某个问题,可译为“这”或“该”问题。
6. follows, as below, the following
这一族都表示“下列”,一般放在动词后,而
the following
作为“下列 ”在英文合同中用的较少。这样的例子俯手皆是,恐怕每个英文合
同都少不了的。
7. according to, under, subject to, in accordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant to, in compliance with
这一族都表示“依照,
根据”合同的约定或者法律的规定。其中尤以“according to”最不正式,
自然用的最少了,
而“in accordance with”
最为常见。
8. Including but not limited to
与
including, without limitation
以及
including by way of illustration but not limitation
英文合同表达“包括但不限于”时,就会用到这几个短语。
9. prior to, no later than, on or before
,
on and after
,
prior to, on or before
,
no later than, on or after
常用在英文合同中限定日期,
prior to
表示“某日之前,提前多少日”。
on or before, no(not) later than,
表示“不迟于”,
On and after
表示“从某日起”。
t prejudice to Without prejudice to,
常用于英文合同中,表示在“不损害某规定
/
情况下”。
utable to, due to, owing to, by virtue of, in view of, because of, on account of
,
considering, in consideration of
这一组短语出现在英文合同中都表示“因为”,其中
due to
,
owing to
,
because of
较不正式,很少使用。
二、英文合同常见实词
(Content Words)
1. Represent, warrant, undertake, guarantee
在英文合同中这几个词都表示“保证”的含义。
Represent
往往和
warrant
连用,出现在合同的声明保证部分:
例如:
Under FOB terms, the Seller shall undertake to load the contracted goods on board the vessel nominated by the Buyer on
any date notified by the Buyer, within the time of shipment as stipulated in Clause 8 of this Contract.
根据离岸价格术语,卖方应保证根据在本合同第八条规定的时限内,按买方通知的日期,装
运货物至买方指定船只。
2. Principal place of business (principal office), domicile, business premise, registered office
在英文合同中,这几个词的意思分别是:“主营业地”、“住所地”、“营业场所 ”、“注册地”。往往出现在前言的“parties”部分。
例如:
If franchisee is declared in default of the agreement, the franchiser has the right to conclude the terms of the agreement and
also has the right, without notice to execute any dutiful and authorized acts, on the business premise necessary.
如被特许方承认违约,许可 方则有权终止该协议且有权未经通知在必要的营业场所采取任何尽责和授权行为。
例如:
The Arbitration shall be conducted in the country of the domicile of the defendant.
本仲裁应在被申请人住所地的国家进行。
sole-
sole-
sole-
sole-
sole-
sole-
sole-
sole-
本文更新与2021-01-22 08:01,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/549083.html
-
上一篇:浅析专业英语的特点及翻译技巧
下一篇:高中英语词组大全(必备)