小毛巾高中完形填空解题技巧与方法指导

2021年1月22日发(作者：年假英文)
高中完形填空解题技巧与方法指导


一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择


首句一般不设空。因此我们应重视首句，并利用首句预测短文的问题和全文内容。

1.
I
did
very
badly
at
school.
My
headmaster
thought
I
was

and
when
I
was
14
he
said,
“You’re never going to be anything but a failure.”


A. bright

B. useless

C. simple

D. hopeful
2. Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening to the music. Today her little
daughter Lauren was giving her first concert. She had been waiting for this moment for years and
years. “Now it is here at last,” she thought. “How beautiful her __
_1_
__ is.”

The song made her go back to the days when she was Lauren’s age. As a young girl, Dorothy
wanted to be a concert singer. She studied ___2_
__ in France, Italy and in the United States. “You
can
become
a
fine
___3___
in
the
future,”
her
teachers
told
her.
“But
you
must
be
prepared
to
study hard and work for many years.

1. A. voice













B. face













C. dress

















D. life
2. A. French












B. music












C. piano

















D. dance
3. A. actress












B. student
二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题

1. Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was


. He never criticized us, but
used _____ to bring out our best.


A. strict



A. help




B. honest

C. special


D. learned








C. singer

















D. dancer
B. peace





C. smile







D. praise
2. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family
often




about that, Ed refused to buy a



T-shirt or to lose weight.



A. cared





B. forgot




C. quarreled





D. joked



A. clean





B. straight



C. larger








D. darker

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三、利用语篇标志解题

常见语篇标志词语：
结构层次
:firstly, secondly, thirdly
；
逻辑关系
：
thus, therefore, so
；
递进关
系
：
besides, what’s
more, further;
转折关系
：
but, while, however, on the other hand
等。

She
told
the
front-desk
clerk
she
had
had
a(n)

vacation,
but
was
heart-broken
about
losing
several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.
A. disappointing


B
. wonderful


C. uncomfortable

D. important
因此，我们要善于找出（
“
三找
”
）
：


一找
.

逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）

二找
.

NOT
（在原文中找
not
）

三找
.

AND
（在原文中找
and
）

四、根据逻辑推理解题

…and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very
strange
______ quite pleasant taste.

A. besides






B. but







C. and










D. or

五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择

The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Owning springs
and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the_______

areas like the desert.




A
．
dry



B
．
distant
C
．
deserted



D
．
wild

六、从语法角度来解题

I went into a café
and asked for a coffee .
_____ I was waiting for
my drink,
I realized that
there were other people in the place, but I sensed loneliness.




A
．
Before


B
．
Since

C
．
Although



D
．
While
2. Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and
then______



later you had kept your mouth shut?
23. A. wished






B. hoped







C. blamed







D. shared
七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题


He
was
only
fourteen
and
was
not
good
at
swimming___.So
he
shouldn’t
have
gone
into
that
place.

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. all





B. in all





all





D. for all
八、从词语辨析的角度来解题

When, two weeks later, I



this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society.
I should enjoy this country as the son of a minister.
A. ran after


B. ran into



C. ran over






D. ran to

九．根据找复现同现解题

复现


复现是一种词汇衔接手 段，它通过原词、同义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同
源词或同根词等形式，
重复出现来表达 某一概念，
使整篇文章上下连贯，
有机地
衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情 况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用
文章中的复现现象来选择正确答案。

(1)
原词复现。
为了表达的需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。如：

All of a sudden I started to feel rather ______. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of
______. I felt even more helpless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without
experience.
A. encouraged



B. dissatisfied







C. helpless




D. pleased
A. place








B. job













C. advice






D. help

(2)
同义词、近义词复现。
同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相 同或相近的表达方式，或解释
性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。如：

That is what a hobby means, I guess. It is something we like to do in our spare time simply for the
______ of it. The value in dollars is not important; we do it for the pleasure it gives us.
A. benefit







B. good








C. fun









D. interest
(3)
反义词复现。
语意的 连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的
方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义 的角度判断正确的选项。如：

Forcing
yourself
to
recall
almost
never
helps
because
it
doesn’t

______
your
money;
it
only
tightens it
.
A.

loosen





B.

weaken





C.

decrease




D.

reduce



(4)
同源词 复现。
对于上下文语义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。如：

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students. If a long reading

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assignment
is
given,
the
instructors
expect
students
to
be
familiar
with
the
information
in
the
reading……When research is _________, the professor expects the student to take it actively and
to complete it with minimum guidance.
A. collected





B. assigned





C. distributed



D. finished
(5)
上义词复现。
上义词具有概括的作用。
在篇章中，
有时为了表达的需要，
作者会先概述，
再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具 体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如：

Other times, he would join student groups to discuss a variety of






:
agriculture, diving and
mathematics.

A. questions





B. subjects







C. matters







D. contents
同现

同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一句话或同一语篇中，
以确 保语篇的和谐性、
得
体性。由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同，因此所使用的上下文也各 有差异。

(1)
场所同现。
如：

On







days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.
A. sunny








B. rainy










C. cloudy







D. snowy
(2)
修饰同现。如：

Although these
wide modern roads are generally _______ and
well maintained, with little sharp
curves

and many straight ________, a direct route is not always the most enjoyable one.
A. stable






B. smooth








C. splendid



D. complicated
A. selections



B. separations



C. series





D. sections


(3)
因果同现。
如：

“
Hooray
!”
shoute
d
the
crowd.
It
was
the
loudest







I
had
ever
heard
at
a
meeting.
The
first-place runner was two laps ahead of me when she crossed the finishing line.

A. cheer






B. shout





C. cry






D. noise
(4)
结构同现。
如：

Sometimes he would invite a student to a game of chess.






, he would join student groups to
discuss a variety of subjects: agriculture, diving, mathematics.
A. As a matter of fact






B. Later on





C. Other times






D. In general

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(5)
同义同现。
如：

If
a
student
has
problem
with
classroom
work,
the
student
should
either
_______
a
professor
during

office hours or make an appointment.
A. greet




B. attach





C. approach





D. annoy

复现同现法解题综合练习：

1. Travelling west, you set your clock ____; travelling east, you set it ahead.

A.
behind












B.
forward













C.
back
















D.
ahead
2. Usually it cannot (get out) because the outside of the earth is too thick and strong. But in some
places the outside of the earth is ____ and weak.

A.
thin












B.
thick















C.
flat

















D.
rough
3. Liumei is among the ____ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (
答应给）
Liu a
full scholarship --- HK$$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate.

A.
poor













B.
smart

















C.
lucky


















D.
silent

4. First of all, he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to_____ six windows.

A.
rub














B.
drop

















C.
break



















D.
clean
5. They looked rather __23__ because the overcoats were too big for them.
A.
strange













B.
young


















C.
nervous


















D.
excited
6. We were ______ to go back for class again when the headmaster called us toget
her and said, …


A. about













B. able



















C. sorry

















D. sure
7.
Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. … Some of us like
____ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both.
Having similar friends has many advantages. …

A.
true














B.
right




















C.
same














D.

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similar
8. The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried
beans(
豆
), and invited the students to

38

how many beans the jar contained. After listening to
shouts
of
wildly
wrong
guesses
the
professor
smiled
a
thin,
dry
smile,
announced
the
correct
answer, and….

A
．
count










B. guess



















C. report















D. watch
9. Every Thursday afternoon, my art history class meets not in our usual lecture hall (
演讲厅
) but
in our university Art Museum. We spend our one-hour class discussing two or there of the ______:
many of which are by
artists
that we have already studied in class.

A. subjects









B. paintings
















C. speeches



lectures
10.

I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had
furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy,
my new ____, dressed neatly.

A.
roommate









B.
classmate
















C.
neighbor












D.
companion
11. I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous
.
One can ______ from

various

sorts
of
friends
in
three
aspects.
First,
frequent
contacts
with
different
friends
broaden
my
world
outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a ____ of friends keep you
lively. … Secondly,
I have found that different fr
iends can not only lead to new adventures but
also show me new avenues to success in life. …

A. obtain













B. benefit


















C. suffer














D. earn
A. range













B. series



















C. quantity












D. variety

完形高分策略
（
Skills of Cloze Tests
）

一、高考完形填空命题趋势

选材特点
:

以记叙文为主
,
多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主

命题特点
:

(1)
设空特点
:
名词

动词
(5-8
个
)
为主















(2)
考点层次分三部
:








D.
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页

里边层 次
：
(
语篇层次
30%
以上
)
体现了突出语篇的命 题思路

句子层次
：
(
占
70%
左右
)
单词层次：
(
只须读懂单词所在句子就能做
,
分数较少
)














(3)
考查重点
:
短文第一句不设问
.
高考完形填空题型特点

1.

以叙为主
,
叙议结合
;



2.

篇章短小
,
意义完整
;
3.

首句完整
,
主题明确
;
4.

结构清晰
,
层次分明
;
5.

考查语境
,
侧重辨析
;
6.

实词为主
,
虚词为辅
;
7.

逻辑推理
,
隐于语篇
;
8.

常识语法
,
每年出现。

二、
考生易失分之处：

1
、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。

2
、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。

3
、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。

完型填空

之能力训练目标：

1.
词语辨析能力

2.
语法结构分析能力

3.
语篇理解能力

4.
逻辑推理能力

5.
文化背景透析能力

6.
作者意图剖析能力

8.
生活常识综合运用能力

做题三忌：

?

急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意， 无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于
空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。

?

只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。

?

断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。


三、做题三步法方法：


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