yp什么意思八年级英语完形填空解题技巧

2021年1月22日发(作者：risen)
英语完形填空解题技巧

一、完形填空的设计特点


完形 填空一般有如下几个特点：
（
1
）完形填空所选的文章比较多的是情节明了、层次分明 、
内容易懂的故事性或记叙性的文体，
文中较少出现生词，
这样有助于考生整体理解和 思路畅
通。
完形填空所选文章一般较之同一份试卷中的阅读理解题所选的文章，
其难度 要略低一些。
（
2
）
完形填空的选文篇幅一般在
170
—< br>220
单词之间；
空缺处的密度一般是每
5
—
15
单 词一
空。
（
3
）以意义填空为主，
要求填入的词主要有：①

语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、
连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。②具有语 法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、
语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。③

固定搭配短语或词组中的特
定词。④

同义词、近义词等易混淆词。⑤

根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。

可见，
完形填空是一种综合性 较强的题型。它的突出特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具
备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及 归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。

（
4
）
完形填空题的考查目的：
①

考查同学们阅读理解能力。
②考查同学们语法知识。
③

考
查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。

二、完形填空的考查点


“
完形填空
”
题是一种 旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。
重点考查词语
搭配、词语辨析、逻辑推 断、前后呼应等，有时兼顾一些讲英语国家的语言及生活习惯等。
词语搭配包括习惯用语、动词、形容词 、副词、介词、名词等的相互搭配；词语辨析包括近
义词的辨析和易混词的辨析；
逻辑推断包括 根据上下文的信息判断和逻辑关系，
如转折、
递
进、因果、条件、让步等关系，也包括 根据上下文内容，选出一个意思与内容相符合的词或
词语；
前后呼应是指有些句子如果孤立地理 解，可能有多个选择，
并且意思都能成立，
但把
前后文结合或联系起来理解，就只能有 一个选择。

三、完形填空题的解题步骤及技巧


由于完形填空题 的解题难度一般比单项填空和阅读理解要大，
一般说来，
做完形填空题时可
按下列步骤 ：


1
、浏览全文，理解大意。
在着手答题之前从头到尾把文章浏 览一遍，以便能了解文章的大
概意思，使接下来的答题过程具有一定的针对性。

< br>2
、照顾上下文，作出正确的逻辑及词意的判断。
在答题过程中，不要一遇到空白处就停 下
来做题，
有些空白处是需要通读全句甚至全文后才能作出正确的选择的，
因此，在答题过程
中，要经常考虑上下文，并进行逻辑推断。


3
、 先易后难，利用已选出的正确答案来推断未知的答案。
一些题目一下子不能马上找到答
案，不妨 先搁置一边，做上标记，待做完其他相对容易发现的答案的题目后再处理，因为这
时，文章所提供的信息 量比以前多了，也许这时找到答案的难度会小一些。


4
、重新阅读全文， 全面复查。
将选好的答案一一对号入座，再把整篇文章通读一遍，看看
在表达整个语篇的意思上 有无唐突之处，内容是否连贯通顺，语法上有无不妥等等。

四、提高完形填空题解题能力的训练要点


要想在完形填空上取得高分，平时要做以下方面的训练：


1
、进行一定量的阅读训练以提高自己的英语语感和对文章的理解能力。

由 于完形填空重
点考查的是一个考生的阅读能力，
因此，
提高自己的阅读能力是提高在完 形填空中的得分的
关键。

阅读能力的提高是和你阅读的量成正比的。阅读的量越大， 你的阅读能力就越强。
因此，
有计划、
有步骤地进行一定量的阅读训练是相当重要的。 在进行阅读训练时，除了检
测自己在阅读中的理解情况之外，
还要对阅读文章中所出现的重点词 和词组进行认真的学习
和研究。
对于重要的句式句型等也要进行认真的研究、
总结并作 整理和记忆。
同类句型在今

1
后的做题中肯定会多次出现，
如不 作整理和记忆则无法产生较好的语感，
对于英语句子所表
达的意思的理解只能一直停留在模糊阶 段，
更谈不上阅读能力的快速提高，
而阅读能力得不
到提高就直接影响到完形填空的正 确率。


2
、加强词汇知识方面的训练，努力提高词汇的识记和理解能力。


有学生以为，提高自己的词汇知识无非就是要死记硬背词汇表，把每一个单词都熟记在心。
其实，背诵词汇表只是词汇知识掌握的第一步，
虽然这一步非常重要也是必不可少的。
我们
知道，
一个单词或词组在具体的上下文中会有不同的意思，
而许多这样的意思也许在你的词< br>汇表上并没有标出。
一个词甚至是一个非常普通的词，
在一定的语言环境下说话者可能会 赋
予它特定的意思，
从而达到某种语义效果。
如果你缺乏一定的语汇训练，
在 一个不同的语言
环境中，
你硬是用你从词汇表上所背到的词义去理解，
也许会永远不理 解句子所要表达的真
正含义。

要提高自己在词汇知识方面的能力，首先，在熟记每一 单词的基本词义的同时，
多记一些该单词的各种常见词义下的重要例句；
其次，
平时应 多作一些记录和积累工作，
把
自己从阅读中所见到的一些所学单词的有用的表达法记录下来，< br>并经常诵读；
另外，
不妨多
学一些构词知识，如英语单词中的词性转换、
前后缀、合成词等，
这些知识也可以在一定程
度上提高你的词汇知识。

3
、多进行完形填空的训练。


平时多做完形填空的训练可以有效 地提高实战能力，
以充分适应这种题型。
每做完一篇完形
填空，
就需要认真核 对答案，找出在做题中出错的原因，
以便采取相应的措施，在今后做题
时避免出现同样的错。< br>如你发现在做题时经常犯词汇理解方面的错误，
则你就应该认真记忆
单词、
词组 ；如你犯的是语篇理解方面的错误，则应当有意识地增加你的阅读量，
以提高阅
读理解的能力。

上述工作做完后，你最好不要就把这篇做好的完形填空随手扔了，不妨把
整篇文章再 默记一遍，
并在文章中的空缺处填上核对后的正确的词
（应该把这些词默写出来，
而不 是对着答案照抄）
，再把文章反复读几遍。这样做，对你做完形填空时产生一种良好的
语感是很 有好处的。


例
1
：

We
know
that
trees
are
useful
in
our
everyday
life.
They

1


us
many
things
，
such
as
wood
，
ox ygen
，
rubber
，
medicines and many other things. They can

2


tell us a lot about our
climate(
气候
). The following are the reasons(
理由
).


If you

3


a tree
，
you can see that it has many rings(
年轮
). Most trees grow one new ring




4


year.
Because
of
this
reason
，
we
know

5


a
tree
is.
A
tree
over
a
hundred
years
old
means that it has more than a hundred

6


When the climate is dry or very cold
，
the trees do
not grow very much and their rings are usually

7

. When it is wet and warm
，
the rings are
much thicker. If the rings are suddenly very thin or suddenly very thick
，
this means that the


8


changed suddenly. If we look at the rings on this tree
，
we can learn about the

9


for a
hundred years. We can see

10


our climate is changing today.


1. A. tell








B. ask








C. give









D. get



2. A. not








B. too








C. to











D. also



3. A. cut across



B. climb up




C. walk past






D. look at



4. A. every







B. many






C. the first







D. from



5. A. how big






B. how long





C. how old






D. how much



6. A. trees








B. leaves






C. people







D. rings



7. A. big










B. thick







C. small







D. thin



8. A. climate







B. trees








C. rings






D. animal



9. A. people







B. things








C. climate







D. life


2
10. A. how










B. why









C. when








D. while

例
2
：

Greenland is the largest island in the world. It is in the


1

of Europe. Near Greenland is
another island. It is small. Its


2


is Iceland. Do you think that Greenland is green and warm?
Do you think that Iceland is white with ice? If you do, you are


3

. Not many people live on
the big island of Greenland. There


4


more people in your hometown than in all of Greenland.
That is because Greenland is not green. Greenland is


5

. Most of the island is covered with
lots of ice. The ice covering Greenland is


6


than the world's tallest building. What


__7


Iceland?
Is
it
colder
than
Greenland?
No,
it
is
not.
Iceland
has
ice,
but
not
so
much
ice


8


Greenland.
It
has
a
lot
of
hot
springs(
泉
).They
give
out
hot
water
and
steam(
水蒸汽
).The
climate(
气候
)
is
not
as


9__

as
Greenland.
And
there
are
a
lot


10


people
who
live
in
Iceland.
1. A. east

B. west


C. north

D. south
2. A. village

B. name

C. farm

D. town
3 .A. wrong

B. clever


C. right

D. bright
4. A. must be

B. are


C. is

D. be
5. A. yellow

B. brown
C. blue

D. white
6. A. more higher
B. high

C. highest
D. higher
7. A. of


B. in


C. about

D. on
8. A. as


B. like

C. than

D. then
9. A. warm

B. cold

C. not

D. cool
10. A. many

B. much

C. more

D. most
例
3
：

Joe
wanted
a
computer.
He
asked
his


1


for
the
money
and
they
said
he
must
get
it
himself. But how did he get it? He


2



about this when he walked home. Not many people
wanted to ask children to work for them. Maybe he could take away snow for the neighbors (
邻
居
). But this was not


3

. He had to wait a long time for that. He couldn’t cut grass for their
gardens


4


he had no tools (
工具
) to do the work with.

Then he saw one of his classmates, Dick, delivering (
送
)


5

. I could do that, he thought.
Maybe I could even get the computer


6


away. I could pay


7


it a little each week. He
ran to


8


up with Dick. Joe asked him a lot of questions. He learned that it was


9


to get
twenty-five dollars each week. He learned that the job (
工作
) took


10


three hours each night.
Dick


11


him the phone number of the newspaper manager (
经理
).

Joe almost flew home. After he had told his mother


12


he thought, she


13

.“I think
it is a


14


idea,” she said, “I’ll call the newspaper….”


“Wait, Mum,” Joe said, “I’ll call. After that, I’m going to be a businessman now.”


Joe’s mother smiled


15
.
1. A. teachers

B. parents

C. classmates

D. friends

2. A. said

B. told


C. thought

D. spoke
3. A. spring

B. summer

C. autumn

D. winter
4. A. because

B. when


C. while


D. after
5. A. newspaper
B. bikes


C. computers

D. tools
6. A. now


B. right


C. just


D. only
7. A. on


B. to



C. of



D. for

3
8. A. take

B. catch


C. carry


D. get
9. A. friendly

B. kind


C. possible

D. wrong
10. A. at


B. about


C. before

D. after
11. A. taught

B. gave


C. made


D. asked
12. A. that

B. when


C. what


D. where
13. A. smiled

B. shouted

C. cried


D. worried
14. A. big


B. large


C. great


D. bad
15. A. sadly

B. happily

C. politely

D. angrily
例
4
：


These days it is found that school students hardly have any sports. Is it because they have no


1


in sports? It may not be true. They often say they have


2


more important things to do.




What
are
these
important
things?
Exams!
They
have
to


3__


themselves
ready
for
all
kinds of exams and tests in school. So many of them almost


4


bookworms(
书呆子
). In the
past in the summer holidays, they could do


5


they liked, but now they have to


6__


all
their time preparing. So


7


have kept them away from going in for sports.




Because
of
the
pressure(
压力
)
from


8


parents
and
teachers,
they



9



to
work
harder and spend most of their time


10__


books. As for the students themselves, they don’t
want to


11


the lessons because they want to further their studies. So it is necessary to give


__12


of their spare time to their studies and


13


up their school sports.



It’s true a good education cannot go without physical training, the

__14 _ is true, a quick mind
hardly goes along with a


15


body. Without a strong body, you can never do anything well,
how can you make great success in life?
1. A. interests
B. interested
C. interesting
D. interest
2. A. another
B. other

C. much

D. some
3. A. make



B. have

C. get

D. let
4. A. turn
B. grow

C. look

D. become
5. A. anything B. something
C. everything
D. nothing
6. A. give

B. spend

C. take

D. cost
7. A. teachers
B. parents
C. studies

D. holidays
8. A. his

B. one’s


C. their

D. other’s

9. A. try

B. hope

C. have

D. enjoy
10. A. in

B. at


C. to


D. on
11. A. miss
B. lose

C. leave

D. fail
12. A. few
B. any

C. all

D. none
13. A. give
B. take

C. put

D. send
14. A. thing
B. same

C. word

D. kind
15. A. strong
B. heavy

C. weak

D. ill
例
5
：


Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will probably __1__ they go to
learn languages, geography, history, science and all __2__ subjects. That is quite __3__, but __4__
do they learn these things?
We send our children to school to __5__ them for their future work and life. Nearly everything
they study at school has some practical use __6__ their life, but is that the __7__ reason they go to
school?

4