znso4阅读理解辅导用题(1)

2021年1月22日发(作者：killing)
Passage One
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the
commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent,
as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some
industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (
学术界
) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical
department at the University of Cambridge. Her main
reason for returning to academia
mid-career was to take
advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a
commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.

The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant,
now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent
two
years
working
for
a
pharmaceutical
(
制药的
)
company
before
returning
to
university
as
a
post-doctoral
researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of
experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (
转换
) to academia more attractive, according
to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary
team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching
side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in
manufacturing
practice
or
product
development.
“Only
a
small
number
of
undergraduates
will
continue
in
an
academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has
far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all th
eir time on a narrow research project.”

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡
2
上作答。

57. By “a one
-
way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.

[A] university researchers know little about the commercial world
[B] there is little exchange between industry and academia
[C] few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
[D] few university professors are willing to do industrial research
58. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.

[A] keeps someone from taking action

[C] attracts people’s attention

[B] helps to move the traffic



[D] brings someone a financial burden
59. What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

[A] Flexible work hours.

[C] Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
[B] Her research interests.

[D] Prospects of academic accomplishments.
60. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
[A] do financially more rewarding work

[B] raise his status in the academic world
[C] enrich his experience in medical research
[D] exploit better intellectual opportunities
61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
[A] Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.

[B] Develop its students’ potential in research.

[C] Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
[D] Gear its research towards practical applications.
Passage Two
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours,
even
pets,
will
all
do
the
trick,
but
the
biggest
longevity
(
长寿
)
boost
seems
to
come
from
marriage
or
an
equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers
(
鳏夫
)
were
at
a
much
higher
risk
of
dying
than
their
married
peers.
Studies
since
then
suggest
that
marriage
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