工商管理学士英语国家概况期末考试题型及范围答案

2021年1月22日发(作者：认为)
期末考试题型及范围

Part I

True or False

(10%)
来自整本书课后习题

Part II

M
ultiple Choice
(10%)
来自整本书课后习题

Part II
I

Reading Comprehension (30%)
课外

Part IV Vocabulary (20%)
来自课本英国部分和美国部分

Part V

Explanations (10%)
十选二

Give explanation to the following terms.

1
．

Anglo-Saxons :
They
were
two
groups
of
Germanic
peoples
who
settled
down
in
England
from the 5th were regarded as the ancestors of the English and
the founders of England.
2. The House of Commons

The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is

the
place
where
about
650
elected
representatives(Members
of
Parliament)
make

and debate MPs are elected in the General Elections and
should

represent the interests of people who vote for them .
3. The Bill of Rights of 1689

In
1689,King
James
Ⅱ
's
daughter
Mary
and
her
husband
William
were
invited
by
the
politicians
and
church
authorities
to
take
the
throne,on
condition that they would respect the rights of Bill of Rights
was
passed
in
1689
to
ensure
that
the
King
would
never
be
able
to
ignore
Parliament.


4. the Cabinet of the UK
The
Cabinet
consists
of
usually
20
most
senior
ministers.
Ministers
are
appointed
by
the
Queen
on
the
recommendation
of
the
Prime
Minister.
Ministers are responsible collectively to Parliament for all Cabinet decisions;
individual
Ministers
are
responsible
to
Parliament
for
the
work
of
their
departments.
5. Constitutional Monarchy
It is a political system that has been practised in Britain since the Glorious
revolution of 1688. According to this system, the Constitution is superior to
the Monarch. In law, the Monarch has many supreme powers, but in practice,
the real power of monarchy has been greatly reduced and today the Queen
acts solely on the advice of her ministers. She reigns but does not rule. The
real power lies in the Parliament, or to be exact, in the House of Commons.
6. The New Deal
In
order
to
deal
with
the
Depression,
President
Franklin
Roosevelt
put
forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up
many efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to save American
democracy and the development of American economy.
7. the Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is considered to be the most far-reaching act on
civil rights in modern times, forbidding discrimination on the basis of race,
color,
religion,
gender
and
national
origin.
It’s
the
result
of
a
strong
Civil
Rights
Movement
in
the
1960s.
The
act
added
protections
for
the
rights
to
vote, to use public facilities and to enjoy the same education as white people.
It also contained provisions guaranteeing equal employment opportunities.
8. The US Federal system
It is a system of government in which has two layers of rule. There is central
or
federal
government
for
the
nation
which
alone
has
the
power
to
answer
questions
that
affect
the
nation
as
a
whole.
There
are
also
state
and
local
governments. Each layer of government has separate and distinct powers laid
down in the Constitution.
9. Comprehensive schools
Comprehensives
schools
take pupils without reference to ability or aptitude
and
provide
a
wide-ranging
secondary
education
for
all
or
most
of
the
children in a district.
10. the Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address refers to the short speech made by President Lincoln
when he dedicated the national cemetery at Gettysburg. He ended his speech
with the government of the peopled, by the people, for the people, shall not
perish from the earth’

Part VI Questions (20%)
八选二

State your understanding of the following questions in at least 80 words for each.

1.

What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ,its industrial
productivity
increased
n
became
the
most
advanced
industrial
country
in
the
,urbanization
took

new
cities
sprang
,it
caused
great
changes
in
the
social
class
capitalist class became the most important force in the country
and the proletariat class emerged.
2.

What were the major causes of Britain's relative economic decline in the post-war
period?
Britain
’
s
economy
experienced
a
relative
decline
in
the
post-war
period
for
several ,Britain suffered great losses in the two World Wars and
had gone heavily into debt to finance the ,the era of the British
Empire
was
over
by
the
mid-20th

and
other
British
colonies,which
provided
raw
materials
and
large
markets
for
British
goods,gained
,Britain
was
forced
to
maintain
an
expensive
military
presence
in
many
overseas
locations
until
the
end
of
the

’
s more,Britain had to make substantial financial contributions to
NATO
and
the
U.N.
Security
y,Britain
failed
to
invest
in
industry after World War
Ⅱ
,whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan
caught up by investing in industry.
3.

What are the general features of Britain's independent schools?
Britain
’
s
independent
schools
require
fees
from
gh
the
National Curriculum is optional in the independent system,most independent
schools
teach
what
the
curriculum
demands.
Independent
schools
get
their