高级英语部分课文修辞讲解

2021年1月22日发(作者：柳冕)
or
暗喻

slips and slides

the sinister corridor of our age

… and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.

… that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus.

The glow of the conversation burst into flames.

We had traveled in five minutes to Australia.

The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or
even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern

The conversation was on wings.

When E.M.F orster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the
phrase, the force and even terror in the image.

Mark Twain --- Mirror of America
saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...
main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart
All
would
resurface
in
his
books...that
he
soaked
up...

…who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.

…main artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart.

my case would snowball into...
our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.
The street ...sprouted with ...
… had not scorched the infidels...

…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…

No one,... that may case would snowball into...

...our
town
...had
taken
on
a
circus
atmosphere.

The
street
...sprouted
with ...



He
thundered
in
his
sonorous
organ
tones.


...champion had not scorched the infidels...

…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…

...the nerves of both ... were excessively frayed…

his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.

The words spat forth with sudden savagery.

Her tone ...withered...

...self-assurance...flickered...

The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.

Her voice was a whiplash

eyes bored into him

I’ll spell it out.

original sin

we
saw
how
hun
gry
the
American
people….racial
lens…whitest
populations


firestorm

vessel


2.
sarcasm
反讽

The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and
so ruin all conversation.


3.
simile
明喻

They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did
not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.

They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did
not
delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.

The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the
ends of the earth.

The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building- lot.

... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.

And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles
of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the
opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.

Indeed,
this
nation’s
best
-loved
author
was
every
bit
as
adventurous,
patriotic,
romantic,

and
humorous as anyone has ever imagined

T
om’s
mischievous
daring,
ingenuity,
and
the
sweet
innocence
of
his
affection
for

Becky
Thatcher
are
almost
as
sure
to
be
studied
in
American
schools
today
as
is
the
Declaration
of
Independence.

...swept the arena like a prairie fire

...a
palm
fan
like
a
sword...



4.
metonymy
转喻

Is the phrase in Shakespeare?

...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe
…but
for
making
money,
his
pen
would
prove
mightier
than
his
pickax.


...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers...

The Christian believes that man came from above. ...below

won 100 at the tables

lost it at the bar

they'll throw the book,...

jarring to the untrained ear


5.

alliteration
头韵法

They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the
nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.

Even
with
the
most
educated
and
the
most
literate,
the
King’s
English
slips
and
slides
in
conversation.

...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home
...with a dash and daring...
...a recklessness of cost or consequences...
It was a splendid population
–
for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at

home.

It
was
that
population…and
rushing
them
through
with
a
magnificent
dash
and
daring
and

a
recklessness of cos
t or consequences‖

color and creed

the greatness and the goodness of our nation

trials
and
triumphs…unique
and
universal…stories
and
songs…

struggles and successes, the bitterness and biases


6.
elliptical sentence
省略句

The little crowd of mourners
–
all men and boys, no women
—
threaded their way across the market
place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over
and over again.

Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.


7.

transferred
epithet
移就

Darrow had whisper throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder.

Cheerful
money,
suicidal
sky,
sleepless
night

Instantly,
from
the
dark
holes
all
round,
there
was
a
frenzied
rush
of
Jews,
many
of
them
old
grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette.


8.
synecdoche(
提喻
)
Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous

This
wretched
boy,
who
is
a
French
citizen
and
has
therefore
been
dragged
from
the
forest
to
scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white
skin.

Keelboats,...carried
the
first
major
commerce.

the case had erupted round my head



9.

hyperbole
夸张法

...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...
The cast of characters…
--- a cosmos.

The
trial
that
rocked
the
world