托福阅读题库练习及答案汇总

2021年1月22日发(作者：薛氏)





































托福阅读题库练习及答案汇总


托福阅读考试如何才能让自己获得高分?
除了托福词汇的大量储备之
外，
我想托福真题的练习是必不可少的。
那 么除了平时大家利用官方
真题
Official
来进行托福阅读练习之外，
你 还能找到哪些真题来进行
练习呢
?
今天小编在这里就为大家整理了托福阅读题库练习及 答案汇
总，其中包括了阅读原文、
题目以及答案，希望对大家的托福阅读考
试提分有帮 助。

托福阅读真题练习：工作时间的文本
+
题目
+
答案

托福阅读文本：

According to anthropologists, people in preindustrial societies
spent 3 to 4 hours per day or about 20 hours per week doing
the
work
necessary
for
life.
Modern
comparisons
of
the
amount of work performed per week, however, begin with the
Industrial
Revolution
(1760-1840)
when
10-
to
12-hour
workdays
with
six
workdays
per
week
were
the
norm.
Even
with extensive time devoted to work, however, both incomes
and standards of living were low. As incomes rose near the end
of the Industrial Revolution, it became increasingly common to
treat
Saturday
afternoons
as
a
half-day
holiday.
The
half
holiday had become standard practice in Britain by the 1870s,
but
did
not
become
common
in
the
United
States
until
the

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1920s.
In the United States, the first third of the twentieth century saw
the workweek move from 60 hours per week to just under 50
hours by the start of the 1930s. In 1914 Henry Ford reduced
daily work hours at his automobile plants from 9 to 8. In 1926
he
announced
that
henceforth
his
factories
would
close
for
the entire day on Saturday. At the time, Ford received criticism
from
other
firms
such
as
United
States
Steel
and
Westinghouse, but the idea was popular with workers.
The
Depression
years
of
the
1930s
brought
with
them
the
notion
of
job
sharing
to
spread
available
work
around;
the
workweek dropped to a modem low for the United States of
35
hours.
In
1938
the
Fair
Labor
Standards
Act
mandated
a
weekly maximum of 40 hours to begin in 1940,and since that
time the 8-hour day, 5-day workweek has been the standard in
the United States.
Adjustments
in
various
places,
however,
show
that
this
standard
is
not
immutable.
In
1987,
for
example,
German
metalworkers struck for and received a 37.5-hour workweek;
and
in
1990
many
workers
in
Britain
won
a
37-hour
week.
Since 1989, the Japanese government has moved from a 6- to
a 5-day workweek and has set a national target of 1,800 work

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hours per year for the average worker. The average amount of
work
per
year
in
Japan
in
1989
was
2,088
hours
per
worker,compared to 1,957 for the United States and 1,646 for
France.
托福阅读题目：

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Why people in preindustrial societies worked few hours per
week
(B) Changes that have occurred in the number of hours that
people work per week
(C)A comparison of the number of hours worked per year in
several industries
(D) Working conditions during the Industrial Revolution
2. Compared to preiudustrial times, the number of hours in the
workweek in the nineteenth
century
(A) remained constant
(B) decreased slightly
(C) decreased significantly
(D) increased significantly
3. The word norm in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) minimum.

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(B) example
(C) possibility
(D) standard
4. The word henceforth in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A) in the end
(B) for a brief period
(C) from that time on
(D) on occasion
5. The idea mentioned in line 15 refers to
(A) the 60-hour workweek
(B) the reduction in the cost of automobiles
(C)
the
reduction
in
the
workweek
at
some
automobile
factories
(D)
the
criticism
of
Ford
by
United
States
Steel
and
Westinghouse
6.
What
is
one
reason
for
the
change
in
the
length
of
the
workweek for the average worker in the
United States during the 1930s?
(A) Several people sometimes shared a single job.
(B) Labor strikes in several countries influenced labor policy in
the United States.
(C) Several corporations increased the length of the workweek.

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(D)
The
United
States
government
instituted
a
35-hour
workweek.
7. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the purposes
of the Fair Labor Standards Act of
1938 ?
(A) to discourage workers from asking for increased wages
(B) to establish a limit on the number of hours in the workweek
(C) to allow employers to set the length of the workweek for
their workers
(D) to restrict trade with countries that had a long workweek
8. The word mandated in line 18 is closest in meaning to
(A) required
(B) recommended
(C) eliminated
(D) considered
9. The word immutable in line 21 is closest in meaning to
(A) unmatched
(B) irregular
(C) unnecessary
(D) unchangeable
10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as evidence that
the length of the workweek has

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been declining since the nineteenth century?
(A) The half-day holiday (line 7)
(B) Henry Ford (lines 11-12)
(C) United States Steel and Westinghouse (line 14-15)
(D) German metalworkers (line 21)
11.
According
to
the
passage
,
one
goal
of
the
Japanese
government is to reduce the average
annual amount of work to
(A) 1,646 hours
(B) 1,800 hours
(C) 1,957 hours
(D) 2,088 hours
托福阅读答案：

BDDCCABADCB
托福阅读真题练习：海洋文化的文本
+
题目
+
答案

托福阅读文本：

The
Native
American
peoples
of
the
north
Pacific
Coast
created
a
highly
complex
maritime
culture
as
they
invented
modes of production unique to their special environment. In
addition
to
their
sophisticated
technical
culture,
they
also
attained one of the most complex social organizations of any
nonagricultural people in the world.

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In a division of labor similar to that of the hunting peoples in
the
interior
and
among
foraging
peoples
throughout
the
world,
the
men
did
most
of
the
fishing,
and
the
women
processed the catch.
Women
also
specialized
in
the
gathering
of
the
abundant
shellfish
that
lived
closer
to
shore.
They
collected
oysters,
crabs,
sea
urchins,
mussels,
abalone,
and
clams,
which
they
could
gather
while
remaining
close
to
their
children.
The
maritime life harvested by the women not only provided food,
but also supplied more of the raw materials for making tools
than did fish gathered by the men. Of particular importance
for the native tool kit before the introduction of metal was the
wide knife made from the larger mussel shells, and a variety of
cutting edges that could be made from other marine shells.
The
women
used
their
tools
to
process
all
of
the
fish
and
marine mammals brought in by the men. They cleaned the fish,
and
dried
vast
quantities
of
them
for
the
winter.
They
sun-dried fish when practical, but in the rainy climate of the
coastal area they also used smokehouses to preserve tons of
fish
and
other
seafood
annually.
Each
product
had
its
own
peculiar
characteristics
that
demanded
a
particular
way
of
cutting
or
drying
the
meat,
and
each
task
required
its
own

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cutting blades and other utensils.
After drying the fish, the women pounded some of them into
fish meal, which was an easily transported food used in soups,
stews, or other dishes to provide protein and thickening in the
absence of fresh fish or while on long trips. The woman also
made a cheese-like substance from a mixture of fish and roe
by aging it in storehouses or by burying it in wooden boxes or
pits lined with rocks and tree leaves.
托福阅读题目：

1.
Which
aspect
of
the
lives
of
the
Native
Americans
of
the
north Pacific Coast does the passage
mainly discuss?
(A) Methods of food preservation
(B) How diet was restricted by the environment
(C) The contributions of women to the food supply
(D) Difficulties in establishing successful farms
2. The word unique in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) comprehensible
(B) productive
(C) intentional
(D) particular
3. The word attained in line 3 is closest in meaning to

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