术语

2021年1月22日发(作者：钮福保)
利他主义

altruism
利己主义

egoism/individualism
天

heaven
道

the Way
理

principle
则

rule
气

Qi
质

stuff
物

thing
无极，无穷

limitless, ultimate of nonebeing
玄

abstruse
虚，太虚

empty space
阴阳

ying-yang
五行

five agents
一，太一

one
元
origin
生

life
反

return
命

destiny
诚

integrity
宇宙

dimension
有无

being and beingless
自然

spontaneous
精神

essence and spirit
太极

supreme Ultimate
神化

numinous transformation
变化，易
,
动静

Change
几

incipience
象

image
元亨利贞

Cosmic Moral Order
道器
,
形上形下

Way and BV
essel
事理

phenomena and pronciple
势，理势

influence and principle
体用

substance and function
两端，两一

dual ends
同异

identity and difference
一体

the Whole
合一

unity
和，泰和

harmony
所以，故，因

causality and consequence
仁义

benevolence and justice
公

public interest
五伦

five human relationships
兼爱

nondiscrimination
中庸

moderation
德，道德

virtue, power
当然

moral oblligation
贵，良贵

value
权

authority
分，名分

rights and duties
性，气质

human nature
情

emotion
才

talent
心

mind/heart
意，意志

intention, will
良心，良知

conscience, innate Moral Knowledge
知，智

knowledge, wisdom
思，虑

thought
心术

technique of the mind
德性所知

innate moral knowledge
道心

the Mind that has the Way
格物致知

research
名，正名

naming, rectification of Names; concept
言意

idea
真，诚

authenticity
三表，效验

Three Tests, Evidence and V
erification

上帝

Supreme Lord
天

heaven
天命

Mandate of Heaven
诸子百家

Hundred philosophers
儒家

Confucianism
道家

Taoism
墨家

Moism
名家

The Logicians

阴阳家

The Y
in-Yang School
法家

The Legalist School
农家

The Agriculturists
纵横家

The Strategists
杂家

The Eclectic School
小说家

The Story-tellers

兵家

military strategists
《易经》
The Book of Changes
《论语》
The Analects
至圣先师

Supreme Sage and ForemostTeacher
大成至圣文宣王

Great Perfect, Most Holy Culture Spreading King
命世大圣，亿载师表

A
Great Sage in this Fateful World, and an Ideal Teacher for Myriads of
Y
ears
仁

humanity
孝

filial piety
忠

loyalty, conscientiousness (
忠？
)
义

righteousness
恕

altruism
（利他主义）
consideration
勇

courage
智

wisdom
信

faithfulness
礼

rites
爱人

love men
克己复礼为仁（
《论语颜渊》
to restrain oneself and abide by rites is humanity
正名

rectification of names
中庸

the Mean
四端

The
four
beginnings:
compassion,
shame,
modesty,
and
distinction
between
roght
and
wrong
Inborn knowledge

Inborn ability
万物皆备于我

All things are complete within us.
天官

natural senses
天君

natural ruler
《道德经》
The Classic of theWay and Its Virtue
自然

self-so
三宝

Three Treasures:
kindness
(enables
one
tho
be
brave),
frugality
(makes
one
profues)
and
humility(never being the first in the world) (Lao Zi)
反者，道之动
Reversion is the movement of the Way
祸兮福所倚，
福兮祸所伏。
It
’
s upon calamity that hapiness leans; it is upon hapiness that calamity
rests
…

无为而无不为
Doing everything by doing nothing.

真人
/
至人

the perfect man or the true man
心斋

fasts in his mind
坐忘

sits down in forgetfulness
兼爱

universal love
天志

will of Heaven
势

power/authority
法

law
术

statecraft
焚书坑儒

Burning the bools and burying the literati
藏

concealment (being-in-itself)
五行

the Five Elements
黄老哲学

the Huang-Lao Teaching
天人感应

the interaction between Heaven and man
三纲

Three Cardinal Guides

五常

Five Constant Virtues