motown21世纪大学英语读写教程4第六单元课文中英对照

2021年1月22日发(作者：我代表月亮消灭你们)
21
世纪大学英语读写教程复习资料

Unit6
1.

人们发现科学家能通过观察四岁孩童对一粒果汁软糖的反应看到他们的
未来。研究者请孩子们一 个个地走进一间没有装饰的房间，然后便开始他
这种温柔的折磨。你现在就可以吃这粒果汁软糖，他说。 但是如果你在我
出去办点事的时候等着，就可以在我回来时得到两粒果汁软糖。然后他就
走开了 。

It
turns
out
that
a
scientist
can
see
the
future
by
watching
four-year-olds
interact with a marshmallow. The researcher invites the children, one by one,
into
a
plain
room
and
begins
the
gentle
torment.
You
can
have
this
marshmallow right now, he says. But if you wait while I run an errand, you can
have two marshmallows when I get back. And then he leaves.
2.

有几个孩子一等他出门就抓起糖来吃。有几 个等了几分钟，结果也坚持
不住了。但另外几个孩子却决心等待。他们蒙住眼睛；他们低下头；他们给自己唱歌；他们试图玩游戏甚至睡觉。

当研究者回来时，他给了这些孩
子来之不易的果汁软糖。然后，科学便等待他们长大。

Some children grab for the treat the minute he's out the door. Some last a few
minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait. They cover their
eyes;
they
put
their
heads
down;
they
sing
to
themselves;
they
try
to
play
games or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, he gives these children
their hard-earned marshmallows. And then, science waits for them to grow up.
3.

等孩子们读到高中时，一些引人注目的情况发生了。对孩子们的家长和
老师的调查表明，那些在四岁时就 有足够的自制力坚持等到第二粒果汁软
糖的孩子，长大后大多成了适应性更强，更惹人喜爱，富于冒险精 神，充
满自信并可信赖的青少年。那些一开始就经不住诱惑的孩子们则更可能孤
独、容易受挫、 固执。他们承受不住压力，躲避挑战。当这两组中的一些
学生参加学习能力倾向测验时，坚持时间较长的 孩子们平均得分高出
210
分。

By
the
time
the
children
reach
high
school,
something
remarkable
has
happened.
A
survey
of
the
children's
parents
and
teachers
found
that
those
who
as
four-year-olds
had
enough
self- control
to
hold
out
for
the
second
marshmallow
generally
grew
up
to
be
better
adjusted,
more
popular,
adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers. The children who gave in to
temptation
early
on
were
more
likely
to
be
lonely,
easily
frustrated
and
stubborn. They could not endure stress and shied
away from challenges. And
when some of the students in the two groups took the Scholastic Aptitude Test,
the kids who had held out longer scored an average of 210 points higher.
4.

当我 们想到卓越的才华时，我们便想到了爱因斯坦，深邃的眼睛，蓬松
的头发，一台裹着皮肤、穿着不配对短 袜的思维机器。在我们的想象中，
事业上取得巨大成功者在出生时就为伟大作好了准备。但随后你就不得 不
奇怪，为什么过了一段时间以后天赋似乎在一些人身上大放异彩，而在其
他人身上则黯淡失色 。这就是果汁软糖的作用了。推迟满足欲望的能力看
来是一种十分重要的技能，是理智对于冲动的胜利。 总之，它是情感智力
的一种标志，在智商测试中是显示不出的。

When
we
think
of
brilliance
we
see
Einstein,
deep-eyed,
woolly
haired,
a
thinking machine with skin and mismatched socks. High achievers, we imagine,
were wired for greatness from birth. But then you have to wonder why, over
time, natural talent seems to ignite in some people and dim in others. This is
where the marshmallows come in. It seems that the ability to delay gratification
is a master skill, a triumph of the reasoning brain over the impulsive one. It is a
sign, in short, of emotional intelligence. And it doesn't show up on an IQ test.
5.
< br>在本世纪的很长一段时期里，科学家们都敬重大脑这一硬件和思想这一
软件；而千头万绪的心的力 量则留给了诗人。但认知理论却怎么也无法解
释我们最感到疑惑的问题：为什么有一些人似乎天生就有过 好日子的能力；
为什么班上最聪明的孩子很可能最终并不是最富有的；为什么我们一见到
某些人 就喜欢而对另外一些人则不信任；为什么面对苦难时，适应力差一
些的人会被压垮，而有些人则能保持乐 观。总之，是思想或心灵中的什么
品质决定了谁会成功？

For most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware of the brain
and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heart were left to the
poets. But cognitive theory could simply not explain the questions we wonder
about most: why some people just seem to have a gift for living well; why the
smartest kid in the class will probably not end up the richest; why we like some
people virtually on sight and distrust others; why some people remain upbeat
in the face of troubles that would sink a less resilient soul. What qualities of the
mind or spirit, in short, determine who succeeds?
6.

“情感智 力”这个词语是耶鲁大学心理学家彼得
-
萨洛韦和新罕布什尔大
学的约翰
-< br>迈耶五年前为了描述某些品质——如了解自己的感情，善解人意
和“以提高生活质量的方式调节情 绪”——而创造出来的。由于丹尼尔
?
戈
尔曼的一本新书《情感智力》
，他们 的这一概念（缩略为情商）即将成为全
国的热门话题。戈尔曼是哈佛大学的心理学哲学博士，
《 纽约时报》的科学
栏目撰稿人。他具有一种使最为难懂的科学理论为一般读者理解的天赋。